PLT 304 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SEM I 2017/2018

TUTORIAL 2

TRANSMISSION LINE

Transmission Line Parameters

1. Determine the resistance of a 10 km long solid cylindrical aluminium conductor with a

diameter of 0.25 in at a) 20 degree and b) 120 degree
[a) 8.93 Ω b) 12.41 Ω]

2. A transmission line cable consists of 19 strands of identical copper conductors each 1.5
mm in diameter, the length of the cable is 2 km but, because of the twist of the strands,
the actual length of each conductor is increased by 5 %. What is the resistance of the
cable? Take resistivity of copper to be 1.72  10 8 .m
[1.076 Ω]

3. A sample of copper wire has a resistance of 50 Ω at 100C. What must be at maximum

operating temperature of the wire if its resistance is to increase by at most 10 percent?
Take the temperature coefficient at 100C to be   0.004090 C 1
[34.450C]

4. The per-phase line loss in a 40 km long transmission line is not to exceed 60 kW while it
is delivering 100 A per phase. If the resistivity of the conductor material is
1.72  10 8 .m , determine the required conductor diameter.
[1.208 cm]

5. A single phase, two wire transmission line, 15 km long, is made up of round conductors,
each 0.8 cm in diameter, separated from each other by 40 cm. calculate the equivalent
diameter of a fictitious follow, thin walled conductor having the same inductance as the
original line. What is the value of this inductance?
[29.13 mH]

6. A single circuit, three phase, 60 Hz transmission line consists of three conductors

arranged as shown in Figure 2.1. if the conductors are the same as that in problem 1, find
the inductive reactance of the line per kilometer per phase.
PLT 304 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SEM I 2017/2018

Figure 2.1
[0.5858 Ω]

7. Calculate the capacitance and capacitive reactance (at 60 Hz) of the transmission line of
Problem 5.
[0.0904 µF, 29.34 kΩ]

8. What is the capacitive reactance per kilometer of the three phase transmission line of
Problem 6.
[ 0.36  106  / km ]

9. Find the inductance per unit length of the single phase line shown in Figure 2.2.
Conductors a, b, and c are of 0.2 cm radius, and conductors d and e are of 0.4 cm radius.

Figure 2.2

[ 14.4  10 7 H / m ]
PLT 304 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SEM I 2017/2018

10. Verify the result of problem 6 by applying the concept of GMR and GMD.
[1.554 mH/km]

11. Calculate the capacitance per kilometer per phase of the single –circuit, two-bundle
conductor line shown in Figure 2.3. The diameter of each conductor is 5 cm.

Figure 2.3

[0.0126 µF / km]

12. A single phase transmission line, 50 km long is made up of a hard drawn copper
conductor 500 mils in diameter. Using data from Table 2.1, find the loop resistance at
200C and 800C.
[0.1394 Ω, 0.1714 Ω]

13. A transmission line conductor has a resistance of 7 Ω at 00C. Calculate the temperature
coefficient of the conductor metal at 200C if its resistance increases to 7.8 Ω at 200C.
[0.005130C-1]

14. The resistance of a transmission line is 25 Ω at 150C and increases by 10 percent when
the operating temperature increases to 500C. At what temperature is its resistance 30 Ω, if
the temperature coefficient is assumed to remain constant.
[650C]

15. The conductors of three phase transmission line are arranged in the form of an equilateral
triangle with sides of 6 m each. If the conductors are 500 mils in diameter and the line is
25 km long, what is its inductance per phase? Calculate the per phase capacitance of the
transmission line.
[35.5 mH, 0.203 µF]

16. A single phase, 10-km transmission line has 16.65 mH total inductance. If the distance
between the conductors id 1.0 m, what is the conductor diameter and the geometric mean
radius of the conductors?
PLT 304 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SEM I 2017/2018

[2.0 cm, 1.558 cm]

Transmission Line Calculations

1. A 60 Hz short transmission line, having R=0.62 ohms per phase and L=93.24 mH per
phase, supplies a three phase, wye connected 100 MW load of 0.9 lagging power factor at
215 kV line-to-line voltage. Calculate the sending end voltage per phase.
[129.04<4.20 kV]

2. Determine the voltage regulation and efficiency of transmission of the transmission line
of problem 1.
[99.83%]

3. A 10 km lone, single phase short transmission line has 0.5<600 Ω / km impedance. The
line supplies a 316.8 kW load at 0.8 power factor lagging. What is the voltage regulation
if the receiving end voltage is 3.3 kV.
[16.94%]

4. Calculate the sending end power for the line of problem 3 using a) a loss calculation and
b) the sending end voltage and power factor.
[352.8 kW]

5. The per phase impedance of a short transmission line is (0.3+j0.4) Ω. The sending end
line-to-line voltage is 3300 V, and the load at the receiving and is 300 kW per phase at
0.8 power factor lagging. Calculate a) the receiving end voltage and b) the line current.
[1805 V, 207.75 A]

6. For the line of problem 5, a) calculate the sending end power factor, b) calculate the
power loss per phase by determining the sending end power and c) verify your result in
part b) by calculating the power loss directly.
[0.79 lagging, 12.94 kW, 12.948 kW]

7. What is the maximum power that can be transmitted over a three phase short transmission
line having a per phase impedance of (0.3 + j0.4) Ω if the receiving end voltage is 6351 V
per phase and the voltage regulation is not exceed 5%?
[108.9 MW]
8. The per phase parameters for a 60 Hz, 200 km long transmission line are R = 2.07 Ω, L =
310.8 mH, and C = 1.4774 µF. The line supplies a 100 mW, wye connected load at 215
kV (line-to-line) and 0.9 power factor lagging. Calculate the sending end voltage, using
the nominal ∏ circuit representation.
PLT 304 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SEM I 2017/2018

[139.39<12.970 kV / phase]

9. Repeat problem 8 using nominal T circuit representation for the transmission line.

10. Determine the ABCD contants for the line of problem 8. Then rework the problem,
treating the line as a two port network.
[A = D = 0.967<0.0340 , B = (117.19<99.090) Ω, C = (5.54 x 10-4<-89.960 ) S, 139.32 kV /
phase]

11. Determine the ABCD contants for the nominal T circuit of a transmission line for which
R = 10 Ω, X = 20 Ω and Y = 400 µS for each phase suing Table 2.2.
[A = D = 0.996<0.1150 , B = (22.25<63.450) Ω, C = (4 x 10-4<900 ) S]