OLAHRAGA

MASYARAKAT

KULIAH PENGANTAR FOME

 PENDAHULUAN
• Aktifitas olahraga masyarakat
– Prestasi  resiko
– Kebugaran  positif
– Rekreasi  positif atau negatif
• Pemahaman masyarakat :
– Pola hidup sehat
– Resiko penyakit
– Perkembngan sain dan teknologi
• Angka harapan hidup meningkat
 PENDAHULUAN
• Angka harapan naik  PTM :
– Penyebab kematian terbanyak
– Morbiditas dan Mortilitas meningkat
– Beban bagi pelayanan kesehatan
• Sulit disembuhkan dan timbul sekuele
• Penting perhatiakan faktor resiko
– Merokok
– Diet
– Aktifitas kurang
– Gaya hidup
 ISTILAH...
• Aktivitas fisik : segala kegiatan tubuh yang
mengakibatkan peningkatan pengeluaran
energi.
• Latihan/Exercise : Aktifitas fisik dengan
intensitas dan waktu tertentu dilakukan
secara berirama dan sistematik dengan
tujuan untuk meningkatkan derjat
kesehatan
• Olahraga (kecabangan) : rujuk aturan
 Exercise
• A subcategory of physical activity
• Is planned, structured and repetitive
• Results in improvement or maintenance
of on or more facets of physical fitness:
• Endurance
• Strength
• Flexibility
• Coordination
 Benefits of Exercise
• Research has also proven that exercise:
– Lowers risk of obesity.
– Improves mood and relieves symptoms of depression.
– Improves quality of life, general well being and
everyday functioning.
– Improves function in persons with arthritis.
– Lowers risk of falls and injury
– Improves sleep
– Prevents bone loss
 Consult with your doctor or rehabilitation
professional
You Should Not Exercise If You Have:

• Chest pain • Foot or ankle sores

• Irregular heart rate that will not heal
• Severe shortness • Swelling of the
of breath joints
• Unexplained • Persistent pain
weight loss after a fall
• Blood clot • After surgical
procedures
 OLAHRAGA di Masyarakat
• PRESTASI
• KEBUGARAN
• REKREASI
 JENIS OLAHRAGA
• TIPE I :
• INTENSITAS & WAKTU TERKENDALI
• TIPE II :
• INTENSITAS TAK TERKENDALI
• WAKTU TERKENDALI
• TIPE III :
• INTENSITAS & WAKTU TAK TERKENDALI
 Types of Exercise
•Endurance
•Strength
•Flexibility
•Coordination
 Endurance Exercise

• Exercise for your

cardiopulmonary
(heart and lungs)
system
• They are activities that
increase your heart
rate and breathing for
an extended period of
time in a healthy way.
Examples of Endurance Exercises

• Walking
• Swimming
• Bicycling
• Dancing
• Climbing the stairs
Strength and Flexibility Exercise
• Exercise for you musculoskeletal
(muscles and bones) system

• These exercises help increase or maintain

your strength and keep you loose and
flexible.
 Examples of Strength and Flexibility
Exercises
• Moving any part of your body against
gravity in a sequenced pattern and with
appropriate timing
• Using hand held weights or ankle weights
when appropriate
• Doing activities of daily living repetitively
or with resistance (increase loads)
• Stretching tight muscles
 Balance and Coordination Exercises

• Exercise primarily for your neuromuscular

system (nerves, brain and muscles)
• Help prevent frequent falls and loss of
balance
• Allow your movements to be more fluid
and smooth
Examples of Balance and Coordination
Exercises and Activities

• Sports such as tennis, golf and softball

• Playing ball with the kids and grand kids
• Practicing standing on one foot (use
support if you need it)
• Walking a straight line (one foot in front
of the other)
 PENGELOLAAN OLAHRAGA
MASYARAKAT
• TUJUAN :
– PERTAHANKAN
– TINGKATKAN
 STATUS KESEHATAN (KEBUGARAN)
• LATIHAN FISIK  STRESS/BEBAN
• RESPON SISTEM TUBUH TERHADAP
STRESS
 Lanjutan...
• PROSES SESUAI DENGAN KAIDAH
OLAHRAGA
• MANAJEMEN  PENGELOLAAN :
RANGKAIAN KEGIATAN YANG
SISTEMATIS DENGAN TAHAPAN :
– PERENCANAAN
– PELAKSANAAN
– MONITORING/EVALUASI
 PERENCANAAN
• LATAR BELAKANG
– URGENSI
– TUJUAN PELATIHAN
• SERING OVER ESTIMASI DENGAN KEBUTUHAN
• PESERTA PELATIHAN
– TERLATIH
– TIDAK TERLATIH
 SKRINING (Anamnesa, Pemeriksaan fisik,
Laboratorium rutin, khusus : Stress test, EKG,
laboratorium khusus)  IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR
RESIKO
 PERENCANAAN
• SUMBER DANA
• WAKTU DAN TEMPAT
• JADWAL PELATIHAN
• SUSUNAN PANITIA PELAKSANA
• TATA TERTIB
• NARA SUMBER, INSTRUKTUR
 PERENCANAAN
• MASAL atau INDIVIDUAL
• WAKTU
• TEMPAT
• SARANA DAN PRASARANA
 PELAKSANAAN
• KOMUNIKASI
• LOGISTIK
• FASILITATOR/INSTRUKTUR
– KOMPETENSI
• PESERTA
– RESIKO
• PRASARANA
– PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA
– AKSES RUJUKAN
 KAIDAH OLAHRAGA

• BAIK
• BENAR
• TERATUR
• TERUKUR
• PROGRESIVE
 EVALUASI
• KEKURANGAN
– PELEKSANAAN
– METODE
• KELEBIHAN

• MANFAAT PELATIHAN
– TUJUAN
• KEBERLANGSUNGAN EFEK LATIHAN FISIK
– MANTENEN KONDISI FISIK