THE TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
Filipino writers mastered English and familiarized
PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD (--BC to 1564)
BY: RUBENECIA , RECTOR VENCI U.
2. Folk Songs - It is a form of folk lyric which expresses the
hopes and aspirations, the people'slifestyles as well as their
loves. These are often repetitive and sonorous, didactic and
naive.
A. Characteristics
1.Martial Law repressed and curtailed human rights, including
freedom of thepress
2.Writers used symbolisms and allegories to drive home their
message, at theface of heavy censorship
3.Theater was used as a vehicle for protest, such as the PETA
(Phil. Educational Theater Association) and UP Theater.
4.From the eighties onwards, writers continue to show
dynamism and innovation
Thank you!
and god bless
II. SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD (1565 – 1863)
A. Characteristics
1.Based on oral traditions
2.Crude on ideology and phraseology
Riddles(bugtong) - battle of wits among participants
Proverbs (salawikain) - wise sayings that contain a metaphor
used to teach asa food for thoughtc.
Tanaga - a mono-riming heptasyllabic quatrain expressing
insights and lessons on life is "more emotionally charged than
the terse proverb and thus hasaffinities with the folk lyric."
VI. CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD (1960 – PRESENT)
c. Fables –- used animal characters and allegoryd.Fantastic
stories – deal with underworld characters such as
“tiyanak”,“aswang”, “kapre” and others
4. Epics - These are “narratives of sustained length based on
oral tradition revolving aroundsupernatural events or heroic
deeds”
A. Characteristics
1. It has two distinct classifications: religious and secular
2.It introduced Spanish as the medium of communication
B.Literary Forms
1. Religious Literature - Religious lyrics written by ladino
poets or those versed inboth Spanish and Tagalog were
included in early catechism and were used toteach Filipinos
the Spanish language.
a.Pasyon – long narrative poem about the passion and death
of Christ. The mostpopular was “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu
Cristong Panignoon Natin” byAguino de Belen
b.Senakulo – dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the
passion and death of Christ
2. Secular (non-religious) Literature
a.Awit - colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and
chanting
b.Korido – metrical tale written in octosyllabic quatrains.
Prose Narratives – written to prescribe proper decorumi.
Dialogo. ejemplo.Manual de Urbanidadiv. tratado
Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na siUrbana at si Feliza
" and Joaquin Tuason's "
Ang Bagong Robinson
" (The NewRobinson) in 1879
V. JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1942 - 1960)
A.War Years (1942-1944)
1. Tagalog poets broke away from the Balagtas tradition and
insteadwrote in simple language and free verse
2.Fiction prevailed over poetrya.25 Pinakamabuting Maikling
Kthang Pilipino (1943) – compilation of theshort story contest
by the military government
i. Suyuan sa Tubigan – Macario Pineda
ii.Lupang Tinubuan – Narciso Reyes
iii.Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa – Liwayway Arceo
B.Period of Maturity and Originality (1945-1960)
1.Bountiful harvest in poetry, fiction, drama and essay
2.
themselves iwhtdiverse techniques
3.Literary “giants” appeared
a.Palanca Awards for Literature
i.Jose Garcia Villa ii.Nick Joaquin iii.NVM Gonzales
iv.Bienvenido Santos v.Gregorio Brillantes vi.Gilda
CorderoFernando
b.National Artist Awards
i.Jose Garcia Villa ii. Nick Joaquin
3. Folk Tales a. Myths – explain how the world was created,
how certain animalspossess certain characteristics, why some
places have waterfalls, volcanoes,mountains, flora or faunab.
Legends – explain the origin of things
A. Characteristics
1.Planted seeds of nationalism in Filipinos
2.Language shifted from Spanish to Tagalog
3.Addressed the masses instead of the “intelligentsia”
B.Literary Forms
1. Propaganda Literature - Reformatory in objectivea. Political
Essays – satires, editorials and news articles were written to
attackand expose the evils of Spanish rulei.
Diariong Tagalog – founded by Marcelo del Pilarii.La
Solidaridad – whose editor-in-chief is Graciano Lopez-Jaenab.
Political Novelsi.
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo – Jose Rizal’s
masterpiecesthat paved the way to the revolution
2.Revolutionary Literature – more propagandistic than
literary as it is moreviolent in nature and demanded complete
independence for the country
a.Political Essays – helped inflame the spirit of revolutioni.
Kalayaan – newspaper of the society, edited by Emilio
Jacintob. Poetry.
A.Period of Apprenticeship (1910-1930)
1.Filipino Writers imitated English and American models
2.Poems written were amateurish and mushy, which phrasing
and diction is
awkward and artificial
a.Short Stories
Dead Star Paz Marquez Benitezii.
The Key – Paz Latorenaiii.Footnote to Youth – Jose Garcia
Villab.Novelsi.
Childe of Sorrow first novel in English, by Zoilo Galang
B. Period of Emergence (1920-1930)1.
Highly influenced by Western literary trends like Romanticism
and Realism
.a. Short Stories –
most prevalent literary formi.
Jose Garcia Villa earned the international title “Poet of
theCentury”
IV. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD (1910 – 1945)
III. NATIONALISTIC / PROPAGANDA AND REVOLUTIONARY
PERIOD(1864 – 1896)
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 PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD (--BC to 1564) A.
Characteristics 1.Based on oral
traditions 2.Crude on ideology and
phraseology B. Literary Forms Oral
Literature a. Riddles (bugtong) – battle of wits
among participants Tigmo –
Cebu Paktakon – Ilonggo Patotdon
– Bicol b. Proverbs (salawikain) – wise sayings
that contain a metaphor used to teach as a food
for thought etc. c. Tanaga - a mono-riming
heptasyllabic quatrain expressing insights and
lessonson life is "more emotionally charged than
the terse proverb and thus hasaffinities with the
folk lyric." 2.Folk Songs It is a form of
folk lyric which expresses the hopes and
aspirations, the people'slifestyles as well as their
loves. These are often repetitive and sonorous,
didactic andnaivea. Hele or oyayi
– lullaby b. Ambahan (Mangyan) – 7-syllable
per line poem that are about humanrelationships
and social entertainment c. Kalusan (Ivatan) -
work songs that depict the livelihood of the
peopled. d. Tagay (Cebuano and Waray) –
drinking song. e. Kanogan (Cebuano) – song of
lamentation for the dead Folk
Tales Myths – explain how the world was
created, how certain animals possess certain
characteristics, why some places have waterfalls,
volcanoes, mountains, flora or fauna. Legends –
explain the origin of things Why the Pineapple
Has EyesThe Legend of Maria Makiling c. Fables –
used animal characters and allegoryd.Fantasti
stories – deal with underworld characters such as
“tiyanak”,“aswang”, “kapre” and
others. Epics These are “narratives of
sustained length based on oral tradition revolving
aroundsupernatural events or heroic deeds”
(Arsenio Manuel) Examples: Lam-ang
(Ilocano) Hinilawod (Panay) Kudaman (Palawan)
Darangen (Maranao) II.
SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD (1565 –
1863) Characteristics 1. It has two distinct
classifications: religious and secular It
introduced Spanish as the medium of
communication. B.Literary Forms 1.
Religious Literature - Religious lyrics written by
ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and
Tagalog were included in early catechism and
were used toteach Filipinos the Spanish
language. a. Pasyon – long narrative poem about
the passion and death of Christ. The most
popular was “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu
Cristong Panignoon Natin” byAguino de
Belen b.Senakulo – dramatization of the
pasyon, it shows the passion and death of
Christ Secular (non-religious)
Literature a.Awit - colorful tales of chivalry
made for singing and chanting Example: Ibong
Adarna b.Korido – metrical tale written in
octosyllabic quatrainsExample: Florante at Laura
by Francisco Baltazar c. Prose Narratives –
written to prescribe proper decorum i.
Dialogo iii. Ejemplo ii.Manual de
Urbanidad iv. tratado Examples: Modesto de
Castro's "Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na
siUrbana at si Feliza" and Joaquin Tuason's "Ang
Bagong Robinson" (The New Robinson) in
1879. III. NATIONALISTIC / PROPAGANDA
AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD(1864 –
1896) Characteristics Planted seeds of
nationalism in Filipinos Language shifted
from Spanish to Tagalog3.Addressed the masses
instead of the “intelligentsia” B.Literary
Forms 1. Propaganda Literature - Reformatory
in objective a. Political Essays – satires,
editorials and news articles were written to
attackand expose the evils of Spanish rule
i.Diariong Tagalog – founded by Marcelo del Pilar
ii.La Solidaridad – whose editor-in-chief is
Graciano Lopez-Jaena Political Novels i. Noli
Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo – Jose Rizal’s
masterpiecesthat paved the way to the
revolution 2.Revolutionary Literature –
more propagandistic than literary as it is
moreviolent in nature and demanded complete
independence for the country a.Political
Essays – helped inflame the spirit of revolutioni.
Kalayaan – newspaper of the society, edited by
Emilio Jacinto b. Poetry True Decalogue –
Apolinario Mabini Katapusang Hibik ng Pilipinas –
Andres Bonifacio Liwanag at Dilim – Emilio
Jacinto IV. AMERICAN COLONIAL
PERIOD (1910 – 1945) Period of
Apprenticeship (1910-1930) 1.Filipino Writers
imitated English and American
models 2.Poems -- written were amateurish
and mushy, which phrasing and diction is
awkward and artificial. a.Short Stories i.Dead
Stars – Paz Marquez Benitez ii.The Key – Paz
Latorena iii.Footnote to Youth – Jose Garcia
Villa b.Novels i. Childe of Sorrow – first novel
in English, by Zoilo Galang B. Period of
Emergence (1920-1930) Highly influenced by
Western literary trends like Romanticism and
Realism. a. Short Stories – most prevalent
literary form i. Jose Garcia Villa – earned the
international title “Poet of
theCentury” V. JAPANESE
OCCUPATION (1942 - 1960) War Years (1942-
1944) 1. Tagalog poets broke away from the
Balagtas tradition and insteadwrote in simple
language and free verse 2.Fiction prevailed
over poetry a.25 Pinakamabuting Maikling
Kthang Pilipino (1943) – compilation of theshort
story contest by the military
government. Suyuan sa Tubigan – Macario
Pineda Lupang Tinubuan – Narciso Reyes Uhaw
ang Tigang na Lupa – Liwayway ArceoB.Period of
Maturity and Originality (1945-
1960) 1.Bountiful harvest in poetry, fiction,
drama and essay 2.Filipino writers mastered
English and familiarized themselves iwhtdiverse
techniques 3.Literary “giants” appeared a.
Palanca Awards for Literature i.Jose Garcia Villa
ii.Nick Joaquin iii.NVM Gonzales iv.Bienvenido
Santos v.Gregorio Brillantes vi.Gilda
CorderoFernando b.National Artist Awards i.Jose
Garcia Villa ii.Nick
Joaquian CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD
(1960 – PRESENT) A.
Characteristics 1.Martial Law repressed and
curtailed human rights, including freedom of
thepress 2.Writers used symbolisms and
allegories to drive home their message, at
theface of heavy censorship Theater was
used as a vehicle for protest, such as the PETA
(Phil. Educational Theater Association) and UP
Theater. From the eighties onwards, writers
continue to show dynamism and innovation