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Answer
1992
10
What's the units digit of 1083 +7 ⌋ ⌊1019921083+7⌋ ?
⌊
Johann Liebniz, IMO Silver Medalist
Answered 19h ago · Upvoted by Aditya Garg, M.Sc. Mathematics, Indian Institute of
Technology, Delhi (2013) and Alon Amit, PhD in Mathematics; Mathcircler.

First thought: assuming this is a “real” problem (i.e. from a competition or something) then the numbers in
the statement should not be arbitrary. So my first goal is to find the relation between them. Turns out
1992 = 83 ⋅ 24 1992=83⋅24 which makes the problem slightly less daunting than it was at first glance.
24
a
For simplicity let a = 1083 a=1083 . Our goal is to find the units digit of ⌊ a+7 ⌋ ⌊a24a+7⌋ .
Recall the following (standard) factorization :

a 24 − (−7) 24 = (a − (−7))(a 23 + (−7)a 22 + … (−7) 22 a + (−7) 23 ) a24−(−7)24=(a−(−7))(a23+(−7

After dividing both sides by a + 7 a+7 and rearranging we get :

a 24 7 24
a+7
= a 23 − 7a 22 + 72 a 21 … 722 a − 723 + a+7
a24a+7=a23−7a22+72a21…722a−723+724a+7

7 24
Now notice that a+7 < 1 724a+7<1 (since 1083 > 724 1083>724 ) . So:
24
a
⌊ a+7 ⌋ = a 23 − 7a 22 + 72 a 21 … 722 a − 723 ⌊a24a+7⌋=a23−7a22+72a21…722a−723

All the terms of the sum are divisible by 1010 except the last, hence the units digit we’re looking for is the
units digits of −723 −723 :
−723 ≡ −7 ⋅ 722 ≡ −7 ⋅ (72 ) 11 ≡ −7 ⋅ (−1) 11 ≡ 7( −723≡−7⋅722≡−7⋅(72)11≡−7⋅(−1)11≡7( mod 10) 10)

101992
So the last digit of ⌊ 1083 +7
⌋ ⌊1019921083+7⌋ is 77 .
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