Generation of computers

Generation First Second Third Fourth Fifth

Year 1942-1955 1955-1964 1964-1975 1975-1989 1989-now
Super Large
Integrated circuits Scale
Components Vacuum tubes Transistors Microprocessor chip
(IC) Integration
(SLSI)
Millions of
Nanoseconds &
Speed milliseconds Microseconds nanoseconds instruction per
Picoseconds
second
Punched Monitors,
i/o components Punched cards monitors, printers Monitors, printers
cards printers
Floppy disk,
Magnetic hard disk,
Storage Devices Magnetic tape Magnetic Tape Floppy disk, hard disk
drums optical storage,
USB
Natural
High level language
Programming Machine Assembly level High level language Language like
like BASIC,
Languages Language language like C, C++ PROLOG,
PASCAL
SQL etc
Smaller than 1st Much Smaller than
Size Very Large Micro computers Tiny computers
generation Previous
Accuracy Less High than 1st High than previous More improved High
Portability Non-portable Better than 1st Better than previous Portable Hand held
Examples ENIAC, IBM 400, IBM IBM 360, IBM 370, IBM 3033, CRAY- 1 LAPTOP,
UNIVAC, IBM 1600, UNIVAC III UNIVAC 9000 Mobile phones
 705 etc
Available
only  Heat reduced than Less expensive Small size Artificial
Advantages
component 1st Better accuracy cheaper Intelligence
those days
Consume Cooling system
more energy, required Air conditioning Latest technology is Some faults
Disadvantages
low speed Costly and non- required required are there
High cost versatile

ROBOTS