Bagus

Advisory Board
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY Prof. hab. Dr. Stanislav Adamczak, MSc.

April 2016, Vol. 16, No. 2 Politechnika Kielce, Poland
Prof. Dana Bolibruchová, MSc. PhD.
Content UZ in Zilina, Slovakia
Prof. Milan Brožek, MSc., Ph.D.
317 – 323 CULS in Prague, Czech
Possibilities of Using Al-Si-Mg Alloys with Higher Fe Content for Demanding Castings Prof. Dr. M. Numan Durakbasa
Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Dana Bolibruchová, Lukáš Richtárech
Prof. Dr. František Holešovský, MSc.
323 – 327 president, JEPU in Usti n. Labem
Hot Tearing Evaluation of Al – Based Alloys Prof. JiĜí Hrubý, MSc., Ph.D.
Marek Bruna, Augustín Sládek VSB TU in Ostrava
327 – 334 Prof. Karel Jandeþka, MSc., Ph.D.
Impact of Silica Sand Granulometry on Bending Strength of Cores Produced by ASK Inotec UWB in Pilsen, Czech
Process Prof. h. c. Stanislaw Legutko, MSc., Sc.D.
Martin Conev, Iveta Vasková, Martina Hrubovþáková, Peter Hajdúch Politechnika PoznaĔska, Poland
Prof. Karel Kocman, MSc., Sc.D.
334 – 338
TBU in Zlin, Czech
Influence of Finishing Operations and Melt Flow Index on Surface Quality of Injection Molded Prof. Pavel Kovac, MSc., Ph.D.
Parts University of Novi Sad, Serbia
JiĜí ýop, Ladislav Fojtl, OndĜej Bílek, Vladimír Pata Prof. Dr. János Kundrák, MSc., Sc.D.
338 – 342 University of Miskolc, Hungary
Influence of Morphology of Carbide Phase in Chromium Cast Iron on Wear Resistance Prof. Ivan Kuric, MSc., Ph.D.
Malwina Dojka, Andrzej Studnicki UZ in Zilina, Slovakia
343 – 348 Prof. Jan Mádl, MSc., Ph.D.
CTU in Prague, Czech
Ultrasonic Identification of Weld Defects Made by Butt Welding with Hot Plate on Plastic
Prof. Ioan D. Marinescu, Ph.D.
Pipelines University of Toledo, USA
Martin Faturík, Miloš Miþian, Radoslav KoĖár Prof. Dr. Ivan Mrkvica, MSc.
348 – 354 VSB TU in Ostrava, Czech
Material Analysis of Nickel Superalloy for Military Technology Prof. Iva Nová, MSc., Ph.D.
Petr Jonšta, Irena Vlþková, ZdenČk Jonšta TU in Liberec, Czech
354 – 360 Prof. Dr. Hitoshi Ohmori, MSc.
Measurement of Noise during the Process of Cutting Materials by Water Jet RIKEN, Japan
Prof. Ing. ďubomír Šooš, PhD.
Jan Kmec, Daniel Kucerka, Miroslav Gombar, Monika Karkova, Alena Vagaska
SUT in Bratislava, Slovakia
360 – 365 Prof. Dr. Dalibor VojtČch, MSc.
Finite Element Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Welding at the Repair of Gas Pipelines ICHT in Prague, Czech
with Steel Sleeve Col. Assoc. Prof. Milan Chalupa, Ph.D.
Radoslav Konar, Milos Mician, Marek Patek, Dalibor Kadas FMT, University of Defence, Czech
365 – 371 Assoc. Prof. Jan Jersák, MSc., Ph.D.
Prediction of Hardness and Residual Stresses of Dissimilar Weld Joint TU in Liberec, Czech
Radoslav Konar, Marek Patek Assoc. Prof. Daniela Kalincova, MSc., PhD.
TU in Zvolen, Slovakia
371 – 375
Assoc. Prof. Štefan Michna, MSc., PhD.
Digital Factory Simulation Tools JEPU in Usti n. Labem, Czech
JiĜí Kyncl Assoc. Prof. Pavel Novák, MSc., Ph.D.
375 – 380 ICHT in Prague, Czech
Reparation by Hard Facing of the Damaged Secondary Stone Crushers Assoc. Prof. Iveta Vaskova, MSc., PhD.
Vukiü Laziü, Dušan Arsiü, Ružica Nikoliü, Milan Mutavdžiü, Jozef Meško FM, TU in Kosice, Slovakia
380 – 384 Dr. Michael N. Morgan
Analysis of Heat Transfer Conditions in the Sand and Metal Moulds and Their Effect on the John Moores University, Great Britain
Dr. Thomas Pearce
Solidification of the Casting
UWE Bristol, Great Britain
Jiri Machuta, Iva Nova
384 – 390 Editor-in-chief
FEM/AI Models for the Simulation of Precision Grinding Assoc. Prof. Martin Novak, Eng. MSc.,
Angelos P. Markopoulos, János Kundrák Ph.D.
390 – 396 Editor
Determination of Stiffness of Triple Spring Built in a Bogie of a Rail Vehicle Radek Lattner, MSc.
Mária MaĖurová, Andrej Suchánek Editorial Office Address
396 – 401 J. E. Purkyne University in Usti n. Labem
Evaluation of MRR after WEDM Depending on the Resulting Surface FVTM, Campus UJEP, Building H
Katerina Mouralova, Josef Bednar, Jiri Kovar, Jindrich Mach Pasteurova 3334/7, 400 01 Usti n. Labem
402 – 406 Czech Republic
Laser Cutting of Non-Metallic Material - PMMA Tel.: +420 475 285 534
Rastislav Nigroviþ, Jozef Meško e-mail: editors@fvtm.ujep.cz
406 – 409
Fatigue Durability of Ductile Iron in Very-High-Cycle Region Print
František Nový, Peter Kopas, Otakar BokĤvka, Adriana Savin PrintPoint Ltd, Prague
410 – 416 Publisher
Influence of High-Pressure Die-Casting Second Stage Parameter on Structure Of AlSi9Cu3(Fe) J. E. Purkyne University in Usti n. Labem
Alloy Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Usti n. Labem
àukasz Paáyga, Mateusz Stachowicz, Kazimierz Granat Czech Republic
406 – 409 VAT: CZ44555601
Fatigue Durability of Ductile Iron in Very-High-Cycle Region Published 6 p. a., 300 pcs.
František Nový, Peter Kopas, Otakar BokĤvka, Adriana Savin published in April 2016,
410 – 416 162 pages
Influence of High-Pressure Die-Casting Second Stage Parameter on Structure Of AlSi9Cu3(Fe)
Alloy Permission: MK CR E 20470
àukasz Paáyga, Mateusz Stachowicz, Kazimierz Granat ISSN 1213–2489
indexed on: http://www.scopus.com
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
April 2016, Vol. 16, No. 2
Content
417 – 420
The Heat Flux at the Crystallization Under Pressure
Richard Pastirþák, Ján Moravec, Eva Kucharþíková
421 – 425
Design and Testing of the Novel Split Sleeve for Branch Connection Repairs Based on Internal Pressure
Marek Patek, Augustín Sládek, Miloš Miþian
425 – 431
Tool Geometry Influence on Surface Integrity of Machined Austenite Stainless Steel
ZdenČk Pitrmuc, JiĜí ýapek, Kamil KolaĜík, Libor Beránek, Jan Urban
431 – 436
Appliciation of Heat Treatment for Elimination of Iron in Secondary Al-Si Alloy
Lukáš Richtárech, Dana Bolibruchová, Eva Kucharþíková
436 – 444
Development and Production of Prototype Model of Axial Fan
Josef Sedlak, Jiri Malasek, Martin Ondra, Ales Polzer
444 – 448
Ausferrite Flake Graphite Cast Iron at the Thermal Fatigue
BĜetislav Skrbek, JiĜí Hampl
449 – 453
Electro-Erosive Wire Cutting of Aluminum Foam
František Špalek, Jana PetrĤ, Tomáš Zlámal, Ivan Mrkvica, Robert ýep, JiĜí Kratochvíl
454 – 460
Effect of Pre-Wetting of High-Silica Sand on Parameters of Dried Moulding Sands Bonded with Selected Grades of Water-Glass
Mateusz Stachowicz, Kazimierz Granat, àukasz Paáyga, Michaá KamiĔski
461 – 467
Influence of Cutting Conditions on Profile Milling of INCONEL 738LC Alloy
Jan Tomíþek, Alexey Molotovnik
468 – 471
Improvements in Material Characteristics Core Centrifugally Cast Rolls
Tomáš Válek, JiĜí Hampl, Jakub Rušaj
471 – 475
Evaluation of Vanadium Influence in AlSi10MgMn Alloy with Increased Iron Level
Maria Zihalova, Dana Bolibruchova
APRIL 2016, Vol. 16, No. 2 – INTERNATIONAL REVIEWERS AND EDITORS LIST
Technology and Assembly Material Engineering and Design
Frantisek Holesovsky Dana Bolibruchova
Gejza Horvath Milan Brožek
Jiri Hruby Ivan Lukac
Josef Chladil Iva Nova
Miroslav Muller Pavel Novak
Natasa Naprstkova Augustin Sladek
Martin Novak Jan Skoþilas
Dana Stancekova Iveta Vaskova
Karol Vasilko
New web portal of Manufacturing Technology Article Administration. More information on home page of the journal.
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April 2016, Vol. 16, No. 2 MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY ISSN 1213–2489
Possibilities of Using Al-Si-Mg Alloys with Higher Fe Content for Demanding Castings
Dana Bolibruchová, Lukáš Richtárech

Department of Technological Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1,
010 26, Slovak Republic, Email: danka.bolibruchova@fstroj.uniza.sk
The present article describes the effect of adding iron into melt, and its impact on the microstructure, chemical
composition and mechanical properties of AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy. Higher iron content is typical of the so-called secon-
dary alloy, which becomes increasingly used by a growing number of manufacturers in the production process of
high-quality castings. The behaviour of AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy with high Fe content has not been scientifically investi-
gated and sufficiently described, therefore working with secondary alloy is very problematic when focusing on
high-sophistication castings for the automotive industry. In general, iron is unwanted in aluminium alloys, and its
content should be kept as low as possible. The only exception is the process of pressure die casting where we can
tolerate iron content up to 1 wt. %. In gravity casting of Al-Si-based alloys, the critical iron content changes mainly
depending on the silicon content. The experimental part of this article investigates the impact of gradual addition
of iron into AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy on the content of the main alloying elements such as, in particular, Si and Mg. In
order to eliminate the negative effect of iron in the alloy, we used in the experiment the correctors Ni and Cr in
the form of AlNi20 and AlCr20 master alloys.
Keywords: AlSiMg alloy, iron, correctors
References
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Science, Vol. 1, pp. 19 – 33.
TAYLOR, J.A. (2004). The effect of iron in Al-Si casting alloys. In: 35th Australian Foundry Institute National
Conference, pp. 148 – 157, Adelaide, South Australia.
DINNIS, C.M., TAYLOR, J.A., DAHLE, A.K. (2005). As-cast morphology of iron-intermetallics in Al-Si foun-
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BOLIBRUCHOVÁ, D., RICHTÁRECH, L. (2013): Effect of adding iron to the AlSi7Mg0.3 (EN AC 42 100,
A356) alloy. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 276–281. ISSN 1213-2489
TILLOVA, E., CHALUPOVA, M. (2009). Structural analysis of Al-Si cast alloys, pp. 191. EDIS, Žilina.
BOLIBRUCHOVA, D., ZIHALOVA, M. (2013). Possibilities of iron elimination in aluminium alloys by vana-
dium. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 289 -296. ISSN 1213-2489
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strontium. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, ISSN 1213-2489
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MOUSTAFA, M.A. (2009). Effect of iron content on the formation of -Al5FeSi and porosity in Al–Si eutectic
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Paper number: M201664

Copyright © 2016. Published by Manufacturing Technology. All rights reserved.
indexed on: http://www.scopus.com 3

Hot Tearing Evaluation of Al – Based Alloys
Marek Bruna, Augustín Sládek

Department of technological engineering, University of Žilina. Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovak republic. E-
mail: rapture.marko@gmail.com, Augustin.sladek@fstroj.uniza.sk
Hot tearing during solidification of aluminium alloys castings can be a serious problem. This phenomenon is well
known but still insufficiently investigated. Hot tearing occurs in form of irregular cracks in metal castings that
develop during solidification and cooling (typically while the casting is still inside the mold or die cavity). The cause
of hot tearing is generally attributed to the development of thermally induced tensile stresses and strains in a
casting as the molten metal contracts during solidification and solid state shrinkage. Submited paper consists of
two parts. The first part introduces the reader to the phenomenon of hot tearing. The second part describes newly
developed method for assessing hot tearing susceptibility of aluminium alloys, and also gives the results on hot
tearing for various aluminium alloys.
Keywords: Hot tearing, Al alloys, Freezing range, Chemical composition
References
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rials Transactions A, 38, 1511-1514.
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quality of casting made by patternless process technology. In Manufacturing Technology: Journal for science re-
search and production. Vol.13, no. 1, pp. 92-97, ISSN 1213-2489.
MEŠKO, J., ZRAK, A., MULCZYK, K., TOFIL, S. (2014). Microstructure analysis of welded joints after laser
welding, In: Manufacturing Technology: journal for science, research and production, Vol. 14, No. 3 (2014), s.
355– 359. ISSN 1213-2489, Kód: ADM.
PASTIR ÁK, R. (2014). Effect of low pressure application during solidification on microstructure of AlSi alloys.
In: Manufacturing Technology. ISSN 1213-2489. Vol. 14, No. 3 (2014), p. 397-402.
BOLIBRUCHOVÁ, D., ŽIHALOVÁ, M. (2013). Possibilities of iron elimination in aluminium alloys by vana-
dium. In: Manufacturing technology. Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 289 -296.
ŽMINDÁK, M., MEŠKO, J., PELAGIC, Z., ZRAK, A. (2014). Finite element analysis of crack growth in pipeli-
nes. In: Manufacturing Technology. 2014, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 116–122. JEPU in Usti nad Labem. Czech Republic
BOLIBRUCHOVÁ, D., RICHTÁRECH, L. 2013. Effect of adding iron to the AlSi7Mg0.3 (EN AC 42 100, A356)
alloy. In: Manufacturing Technology. ISSN 1213-2489. Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 276-281.

4 indexed on: http://www.scopus.com

Impact of Silica Sand Granulometry on Bending Strength of Cores Produced by ASK Inotec
Process
Martin Conev1, Iveta Vasková1, Martina Hrubov áková1, Peter Hajdúch2

1
Institute of Metallurgy, Faculty of Metallurgy, Technical University in Košice, Slovakia, E-mail: martin.conev@tuke.sk,
iveta.vaskova@tuke.sk, martina.hrubovcakova@tuke.sk
2
Nemak Slovakia s.r.o., Žiar nad Hronom, E-mail: peter.hajduch@nemak.com
Nowadays, constant pressure on enviromental aspects in the foundry industry is calling for an improvement in
casting production. The almost not used inorganic binders are coming back to the fore. Into this group, among
others, belong binders based on alcali silicate solutions, known as water glass. The new hot-curing binder systems
were introduced by different binder manufacturers. In order to compensate dissadvantages of alkalic silicate bin-
der, the systems and processes are working with additives and adjuvants which are contained in a binder itself or
added in liquid or powder form to the sand mixture. This paper presents the ASK Inotec process and impact of
silica sand granulometry on achieved core mixture strength, which is important from a core production and also
from a decoring ability point of view. Experiment was performed in laboratory terms using standard equipment
and conditions.
Keywords: Silica sand, Granulometry, Inorganic binder, ASK Inotec process, Bending strength
References
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the Molecular Level. In: Giesserei Rundschau. Vol. 57, No. 3/4, pp. 50 - 52. VÖG, Austria
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POLZIN, H. (2014). Inorganic binders for mould and core production in the foundry. pp. 115 - 117. Schiele &
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www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/polymers-24/synthetic-organic-poly-
mers-173/condensation-reactions-657-5664
ASK Chemicals GmbH (2015). INOTEC The Inorganic Binder System. Presentation
ASK Chemicals GmbH (2016). Inotec process. Retrieved on 2. Feb. 2016. May be accessed at: www.ask-chemi-
cals.com/foundry-products/products/inotec-binder-system/inotec-process.html
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Grain Size Distribution of Foundry Moulding Sands. In: International Journal for Managment Science And Tech-
nology. Vol. 1, Issue 7, paper 1. IJMST
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republic


Influence of Finishing Operations and Melt Flow Index on Surface Quality of Injection Mol-
ded Parts
Ji í op1, Ladislav Fojtl1,2, Ond ej Bílek1, Vladimír Pata1

1
Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín. Vavre kova 275, 760 01
Zlín. Czech Republic. E-mail: cop@ft.utb.cz, fojtl@ft.utb.cz, bilek@ft.utb.cz, pata@ft.utb.cz
2
Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida Tomase Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
In the production of polymer parts, great emphasis is placed on the quality of polymer product in terms of dimen-
sional accuracy and optimally surface quality. Achievement of high surface quality of injection molded products
correlate to the high surface quality of core or cavity in injection molds. This surface is copied during injection of
polymer material. The kind of polymer material and its rheological properties can strongly influence this surface
copying. Production of cores and cavities takes in the manufacturing process a considerable part of time, where
some finishing technologies are more economically and time consuming than other processes. Thus, it is necessary
to choose an appropriate finishing operations considering cost of injection mold, which is reflected in future price
of polymer product. This paper experimentally examines the influence of the surface quality of mold cavities and
rheological properties of polymer on the surface quality of injection molded product.
Keywords: Surface quality, Injection molding, Melt flow index, Finishing operations, Polymer, Mold Cavity
Acknowledgement
This study was supported by the internal grant of TBU in Zlín No. IGA/FT/2016/002 funded from the resources of
specific university research.
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LEGUTKO, S., KROLCZYK. G., KROLCZYK, J. (2014). Quality evaluation of surface layer in highly accurate
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Influence of Morphology of Carbide Phase in Chromium Cast Iron on Wear Resistance
Malwina Dojka, Andrzej Studnicki

Silesian University of Technology, Foundry Department, Towarowa 7, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
E-mail: malwina.dojka@polsl.pl, andrzej.studnicki@polsl.pl
The article presents results of M7C3 carbides stereological parameters measurement and wear tests of chromium
cast irons. There are two types of material were compared: not inoculated chromium cast iron and the same ma-
terial about 4% addition of titanium by weight. The samples for studies were taken from casting formed by pou-
ring into ATD-Is tester mould. Then they were properly prepared for testing. Stereological analysis was conducted
in ImageJ software, where the following parameters of carbides was measured: area, width, length, perimeter, and
circularity. Wear test was executed using pin-on-disk method on Tribotester 3-POD. Results of research shown
that Ti addition results in formation of TiC carbide, which is an underlay for crystallization of M7C3 carbides. The
effect of this was the finer grain of M7C3 and the lower weight losses during abrasion.
Keywords: Chromium Cast Iron, M7C3 Carbide, Stereological Parameters, Wear
References
STUDNICKI, A. (2013). Role of selected inoculants in crystallization of wear resistant high chromium cast
iron. PAN. Katowice – Gliwice.
GROMCZYK, M., KONDRACKI, M., STUDNICKI, A., SZAJNAR, J. (2015). Stereological Analysis of Car-
bides in Hypoeutectic Chromium Cast Iron. In: Archives of Foundry Engineering, Vol. 15, Issue 2, pp. 17 – 22.
PAN. Katowice – Gliwice.
STUDNICKI, A., JEZIERSKI J. (2012). Stereological parameters of carbides in modified wear resistant Fe-C-
Cr alloys. International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials 23 – 25 May 2012. Brno, Czech Republic, EU.
STUDNICKI, A., DOJKA, R., GROMCZYK, M., KONDRACKI, M. (2016). Influence of Titanium on Crystalli-
zation and Wear Resistance of High Chromium Cast Iron. In: Archives of Foundry Engineering, Vol. 16, Issue 1,
pp. 117 – 123. PAN. Katowice – Gliwice.
NÁPRSTKOVÁ, N., CAIS, J., STAN EKOVÁ, D. (2014). Influence of Alsi7Mg0.3 Alloy Modification by Sb
on the Tool Wear. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 75 – 79.
KOPYCI SKI, D., GUZIK, E., SIEKANIEC, D., SZCZ SNY, A. (2015). The Effect of Addition of Titanium on
The Structure and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron. In: Archives of Foundry Engineering, Vol. 15, Issue
3, pp. 35 – 38. PAN. Katowice – Gliwice.
MIRZAEE, M., MOMENI, A., KESHMIRI, H., RAZAVINEJAD, R. (2014). Effect of Titanium and Niobium on
Modifying the Microstructureof Cast K100 Tool Steel. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM In-
ternational 2014.
ZHANG, Q., LIU, Q., SHIBATA, H., WANG, Q., JÖNSSON, P., HE, J., NAKAJIMA, K. (2014). Partial Equi-
librium Prediction of Solidification and Carbide Precipitation in Ti-added High Cr Cast Irons. In: ISIJ Internatio-
nal, Vol. 54 (2014), No. 2.


Ultrasonic Identification of Weld Defects Made by Butt Welding with Hot Plate on Plastic Pi-
pelines
Martin Faturík, Miloš Mi ian, Radoslav Ko ár

University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1, Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies; E-mail: martin.fatu-
rik@fstroj.uniza.sk, milos.mician@fstroj.uniza.sk, radoslav.konar@fstroj.uniza.sk
This article describes usage of ultrasonic method TOFD for testing of welds on plastic pipelines welded with butt
fusion with hot plate. As an artificial defects were selected cold fusion and inclusion in the weld area, by using
metallic tape and wire as a mentioned defects. To test defects was necessary to use wedges with water as a bonding
agent. Results of testing are proof of usefulness of this method. It can severely reduce risks of accidents caused by
unidentified defects, which can occur in welded joints. Since plastic pipelines are used even in nuclear industry as
a replacement for metal pipelines for its resistance against radiaton decay, it is necessary to implement similar
testing regulations to avoid fatal incidents and method like TOFD and Phased Array ultrasonic testing can prevent
such failures.
Keywords: ultrasonic defectoscopy, TOFD, plastic pipelines, gas industry
Acknowledgement
Article was created within project solution VEGA: 1/0836/13, KEGA: 034ZU-4/2015 a KEGA: 014ZU-4/2015.
References
KOVÁ IK, M., HYŽA, R. (2013). Ultrazvuková skúška asti obvodového zvaru pavkovej tlakovej nádoby
technikami Phased Array a TOFD. [Online] 2013. [Date: 21. 04 2013.] http://www.ssndt.sk/files/od-
borne/PA%20a%20TOFD%20na%20cpavku.pdf.
KOVÁ IK, M. (2010). Skúšanie materiálov ultrazvukom. Bratislava : s.n., 2010.
MARTAN ÍK, B. (2012). Výskum diagnostiky defektov pomocou nových ultrazvukových metód TOFD a Phased
Array a vplyv na životnos zváraných konštrukcií. Bratislava : Slovenská technická unverzita v Bratislave, 2012.
s. 151, dizerta ná práca.
OBRAZ, J. (1989). Zkoušení materiálu ultrazvukem. Praha : SNTL Nakladatelství technické literatury, 1989. s.
464. ISBN 80-03-00097-1.
OLYMPUS. (2004). Introduction to Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology Applications. Waltham, MA : Olym-
pus NDT, 2004. s. 351. ISBN 0-9735933-0-X.
OLYMPUS. (2012). Phased Array Testing Basic Theory for Industrial Applications. 2nd ed. Waltham, MA :
Olympus NDT, 2012. s. 113. DMTA-20003-01EN.
LOYDA, M., ŠPONER, V., ONDRÁ EK, L a kol. (2001). Sva ování termoplast . Praha. Uno, 2001. ISBN 80-
223-6603-6
MORAVEC, J., BRADÁ , J., BERAN, D., NOVÁKOVÁ, I. (2014). The Impact of Thermal Cycles of Superhe-
ated Steam on Pipes Material of By-Pass of Steam and Gas-Steam. In: 23rd International Conference on Me-
tallurgy and Materials, Metal 2014, Brno, 2014. ISBN 978-80-87294-52-9.
SEJ , P. BIELAK, R. - ŠVEC, P. - ROŠKO, M. (2006). Computer simulation of heat affected zone during MIG
brazing of zinc-coated steel sheets. In Kovové materiály. Metallic materials. Ro . 44, . 4 (2006), s.225-234.
ISSN 0023-432X.
MEŠKO, J. – Zrak, A. – MULCZYK, K. – SZYMON, T. (2014). Microstructure analysis of welded joints after
laser welding. In: Manufacturing technology : journal for science, research and production. - ISSN 1213-2489. -
Vol. 14, no. 3 (2014), s. 355-359.
NORBERT, R. - MEŠKO, J. – ZRAK, A. (2014). Technology of laser forming. In: Manufacturing technology:
journal for science, research and production. - ISSN 1213-2489. - Vol. 14, no. 3 (2014), s. 428-431.


Material Analysis of Nickel Superalloy for Military Technology
Petr Jonšta1, Irena Vl ková2, Zden k Jonšta3

1
VÍTKOVICE HEAVY MACHINERY a.s., Ruská 2887/101, Vítkovice, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic, E-mail:
petr.jonsta@vitkovice.cz
2
RMTSC, MATERIAL & METALLURGICAL RESEARCH Ltd., Ostrava, remote site VÚHŽ a.s., 739 51 Dobrá, Czech
Republic, E-mail: vlckova@vuhz.cz
3
Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 33 Os-
trava-Poruba, Czech Republic, E-mail: zdenek.jonsta@vsb.cz
In the aerospace industry, the nickel-based superalloys are often used due to their ability to withstand extreme
conditions. They find their use particularly as turbine blades in jet engines. An important example of this type of
superalloy is INCONEL. This construction material must meet a wide range of complex requirements with regard
to its properties and technological and operational characteristics that are required by the heavy duty in extreme
conditions.
The INCONEL Superalloys represent multicomponent and multiphase materials with their complex alloying base
and structure with distinct dendritic segregations. Their long life and reliability in operation are directly related
to the microstructure, or to its stability in a long-term operational application, respectively.
The presented work deals with the evaluation of microstructural parameters at two variants of cast superalloy
INCONEL 713LC, applying the light microscopy and electron microscopy, including the fractographic analysis.
Keywords: Nickel superalloy, as cast condition, structural phase analysis, fractography
Acknowledgments
This work was created during the implementation of the project no. LO1203 "Regional Materials Technology Centre-
sustainability program" funded by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic.
References
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SCHUBERT, F. (1978). Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe fur den Receiver des Solar Systems, Studie fur die DFVLR.
SIENIAWSKI, J. (1995). Kryteria i sposoby oceny materia!ów na elementy silników turbinowych, Politechnika
Rzeszowska.
SIMS, C. T., STOLAFF, N. S., HAGEL, W. C. (1998) Superalloys II. Wiley & Sons, New York (1987).
KOIZUMI, Y., KOBAYASHI, T. et al. (1998) In: High Temp. Mat. for Power Eng., P.II, Liege´98.
HERNAS, A., JONŠTA, Z., et. al. (2009). Žárupevné oceli a slitiny, ES VŠB-TU Ostrava, 392 p.
BELAN, J., HURTALOVÁ, L., VAŠKO, A., TILLOVÁ, E. (2014). Metallography Evaluation of IN 718 after
Applied Heat Treatment. Manufacturing Technology. Vol. 14, No. 3. ISSN 1213-2489.
DONACHIE, M., J., DONACHIE, S., J. (2002) Superalloys: a technical guide, USA, 439 p.
STRANG, A. (1998). High Temp. Mat. for Power Eng. and Other Appl., Liege´98.
CRANE, F. A., CHARLES, J. A. (1986). Selection and Use of Engineering Materials, Butterworths, London-
Wellington.
BELAN, J., KUCHARIKOVÁ, L., TILLOVÁ, E., UHRI ÍK, M. (2015). The Overview of Intermetallic Phases
Presented in Nickel Base Superalloys after Precipitation Hardening. Manufacturing Technology. Vol. 15, No. 4.
ISSN 1213-2489.
JONŠTA, Z., JONŠTA, P., VODÁREK, V., MAZANEC, K. (2007) Physical-Metallurgical Characteristics of
Nickel Super Alloys of INCONEL Type. Acta Met.Slovaca, 13, (4).
VILAMOVÁ, Š., JANOVSKÁ, K., KOZEL, R.,VOZ ÁKOVÁ, I., ŠVECOVÁ, E. (2012). New Trends in the
Management within the Metallurgy Firms. International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials Metal 2012.
Ostrava: Tanger, pp. 1897-1903.


Measurement of Noise during the Process of Cutting Materials by Water Jet
Jan Kmec1, Daniel Kucerka1, Miroslav Gombar1, Monika Karkova1, Alena Vagaska2,
1
The Institute of Technology and Business in eské Bud jovice, Czech Republic, E-mail: kmec@mail.vstecb.cz,
kucerka@mail.vstecb.cz, gombar@mail.vstecb.cz, karkova@mail.vstecb.cz,
2
Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies, Slovak Republic, E-mail: alena.va-
gaska@tuke.sk
Water jet technology material cutting is analyzed from the point of view of environment, namely of an impact of
noise to production process working conditions. Except noise, vibrations also influence working environment but
this problem in this text is not dealt with. Measuring of noise level was focused on one working shift at a production
workplace of a firm WATING Prešov. Two workers were chosen for this puprouse - operators who operate two
cutting desks during a common working shift. In accordance of given methodics, measuring microphones were
placed on the operators and on selected places of the workplace. The recorded results of measuring were evaluated
and consequently steps for noise elimination during water jet cutting process were accepted.
Keywords: Noise at production process, Water jet material cutting, Noise measuring, Noise impact to working environ-
ment
References
BADIDA, M., KMEC, J., SOBOTOVÁ, L., BI EJOVÁ, ., GOMBÁR, M. (2013). Hydroerosion and Environ-
ment. Edition first, Lüdenscheid, Germany : RAM-Verlag. p. 131. -ISBN 978-3-942303-20-0.
KMEC, J., KU ERKA, D., GOMBÁR, M., BI EJOVÁ, .,SOBOTOVÁ, L., OPEKÁROVÁ, L., STRAKOVÁ,
J., VAGASKÁ, A., HRMO, R. (2014). Water Jet for Practice. Edition second, Lüdenscheid, Germany : RAM-
Verlag. p. 150. -ISBN 978-3-942303-27-9,
BI EJOVÁ, . (2013). Abrasive kind and granularity changes affects to water jet technology head vibration during
cutting HARDOX material thickness alternation process. In: Applied Mechanics and Materials. Vol. 308, p. 75-
79. - ISSN 1660-9336.
FABIAN, S., BI EJOVÁ, . (2014). Technological head tilt angle influence analysis to generation of vibration
during ceramics material machining by means of AWJ. In: Applied Mechanics and Materials. Vol. 616, p. 175-
182. - ISSN 1660-9336.
BI EJOVÁ, ., FABIAN, S. (2014). Analysis of technological head working pressure, tilt angle and shift impact
to its vibrations using AWJ. In: Applied Mechanics and Materials. Vol. 616, p. 159-166. - ISSN 1660-9336.
PAVLENKO, S., HA KO, J., MAŠ ENIK, J., NOVÁKOVÁ, M. (2008). Machine Parts Design with PC Sup-
port. - 1. vyd - Prešov : FVT TU, 347 s. - ISBN 978-80-553-0166-2.
MAŠ ENIK, J., GAŠPÁR, Š. (2011). Experimental Assessment of Roughness Changes in the Cutting Surface
and Microhardness Changes of the Material S 355 J2 G3 after Being Cut by Non-Conventional Technologies In:
Advanced Materials Research. Vol. 314-316, p. 1944-1947. - ISSN 1022-6680.
KRENICKÝ, T. (2011). Implementation of Virtual Instrumentation for Machinery Monitoring, in: Scientific Pa-
pers: Operation and Diagnostics of Machines and Production Systems Operational States 4, Lüdenscheid, RAM-
Verlag, p. 5-8.
HA KO, J., PAVLENKO, S. (2013). Design strenght calculation of cycloidal lantern gear. In: BarSU Herald
Scientific and practical journal : Physical and Mathematical Sciences : Engineering Sciences. No. 1, p. 58-65. -
ISSN 2309-1339.
KRENICKÝ, T., JACKO, P. (2009). Simultaneous temperature monitoring using virtualization, in: Scientific Pa-
pers: Operation and diagnostics of machines and production systems operational states. Lüdenscheid: RAM-
Verlag, p. 58-62.
KUNDRÁK, J. (2011). Alternative machining procedures of hardened steels, in: Manufacturing Technology,
XI/2011, ISSN 1213-2489, p. 32 – 39.
MULLER M., VALÁŠEK P.: Interaction of steel surface treatment by means of abrasive cloth and adhesive bond
strength. In.: Manufactruing Technology. 2011. pp. 49 – 57. ISSN 1213-2489
KOCMAN, K. Application of magnetic correlation analysis on the choice and correction of cutting parameters for
automated manufacturing systems. Manufacturing Technology, vol.XI, 2011, pp. 28-32
SÝKOROVá, L., Malachová, M. (2012). Laser Machining and Temperature Field Simulation Using COSMOS /
M Software. Manufacturing Technology. Nr. 12. ISSN 12132489, s. 113-117


Finite Element Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Welding at the Repair of Gas Pipelines
with Steel Sleeve
Radoslav Konar1, Milos Mician1, Marek Patek1, Dalibor Kadas2

1
Department of Technological Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zilina, Univerzitna 8215/1,
010 26 Zilina. Slovak Republic. E-mail: radoslav.konar@fstroj.uniza.sk, milos.mician@fstroj.uniza.sk, marek.pa-
tek@fstroj.uniza.sk
2
INA Kysuce, spol. s r. o., Dr. G. Schaefflera 1, 024 01 Kysucke Nove Mesto, Slovak Republic. E-mail: ka-
dasdli@schaeffler.com
This article deals with simulations of the welding process for applications of practice using SYSWELD software.
Simulation of welding at the repair of high-pressure gas pipeline with steel sleeve with composite filling is presented
in this paper. Two welds connecting the distance ring and gas pipe were simulated. Structure of programme
SYSWELD and repair of high pressure gas pipeline with steel sleeve is described in theoretical part of article.
Preparation of boundary conditions for numerical simulation on real sample and numerical simulation of welding
is in experimental part. Thermal fields, residual stresses and hardness were simulated. The results of the numerical
model, which are listed in article except for residual stresses are compared to real experiments. This article mainly
describes the numerical simulation capabilities in welding simulation programme SYSWELD.
Keywords: Sysweld, Steel L360NB, Numerical simulations, Repair of gas pipeline
Acknowledgement
This work has been supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic,
grant VEGA: 1/0836/13, KEGA: 034ZU-4/2015.
References
JOSEPH, A. et al. (2005) Evaluation of residual stresses in dissimilar weld joints. In: International Journal of
Pressure Vessels and Piping, Vol. 82, pp. 700 - 705.
TOTTEN, G., HOWES, M., INOUE, T. (2002). Handbook of Residual Stress and Deformation of Steel. AMS
International, USA, ISBN 0-87170-729-2
MORAVEC, J. (2011). Influence of Welding Parameters on Weld Pool’s Geometry in Shielding Gas Welding.
Pollypress, Liberec
DENG, D., MURAKAWA, H. (2006). Numerical simulation of temperature field and residual stress in multi-pass
welds in stainless steel pipe and comparison with experimental measurements. In: Computational Materials
Science, Vol. 37, pp. 269 - 277.
WANG, Y. et al. (2013). Simulation and analysis of temperature field for in-service multi-pass welding of a sleeve
fillet weld. In: Computational Materials Science, Vol. 68, pp. 198 - 205.
ZMINDAK, M., MESKO, J., PELAGIC, Z., ZRAK, A. (2014). Finite Element Analysis of Crack Growth in Pi-
pelines. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 116 - 122.
MESKO, J., ZRAK, A., MULCZYK, K., TOFIL, S. (2014). Microstructure analysis of welded joints after laser
welding. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 355-359. J.E. Purkyne University, Ústi nad Labem.
MORAVEC, J., NOVAKOVA, I., BRADAC, J. (2016). Effect of Age Hardening Conditions on Mechanical Pro-
perities of AW 6082 Alloy Welds. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 192-198. J.E. Purkyne Uni-
versity, Usti nad Labem.
NOVAK, P., MESKO, J., ZMINDAK, M. (2013). Finite element implementation of Multi-pass Fillet Weld with
Phase Changes. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 79 - 85.
MICIAN, M., PATEK, M., SLADEK, G. (2014). Concept of Reapiring Branch Pipes on High-pressure Pipelines
by Using split Sleeve. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 60-66. J.E. Purkyne University, Ústi nad
Labem.
BRUNA, M., KUCHARCIK, L., SLADEK, A. (2013). Complex evaluation of porosity in A356 alluminium alloy
using advanced porosity module. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 26-30. J.E. Purkyne Uni-


Prediction of Hardness and Residual Stresses of Dissimilar Weld Joint
Radoslav Konar, Marek Patek

University of Zilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Technological Engineering, Univerzitna 8215/1,
010 26 Zilina, Slovakia. E-mail: radoslav.konar@fstroj.uniza.sk, marek.patek@fstroj.uniza.sk
Welding of the dissimilar weld joints is allied with some technological difficulties that might affect the operational
time of the construction. Between the main problems belong presence of residual stresses and inappropriate
microstructure of the heat affected zone on the side of ferritic steel resulting to increased hardness. These factors
are significantly influenced by heat input during welding, its appropriate control and welding sequence. Optimi-
sation of the heat input and welding sequence requires large amount of experimental work. Recently, numerical
analysis of welding based on finite element models became a successfull tool for prediction of material behaviour
during the process. This article deals with numerical analysis of austenitic X5CrNi18-10 and ferritic S355J2H steel
welding.
Keywords: Finite element analysis, SYSWELD software, Residual stress, Temperature distribution, Welding
Acknowledgement
This work has been supported by Scientific Grant Agency of Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic, grant
KEGA 034ŽU-4/2015. Authors acknowledge the grant agency for support.
References
DENG, D. et al. (2009). Prediction of residual stresses in a dissimilar metal welded pipe with considering cladding,
buttering and post weld heat treatment. In: Computational Materials Science, Vol. 47, pp. 398 – 408.
JOSEPH, A. et al. (2005). Evaluation of residual stresses in dissimilar weld joints. In: International Journal of
Pressure Vessels and Piping, Vol. 82, pp. 700 - 705.
DENG, D., MURAKAWA, H. (2006). Numerical simulation of temperature field and residual stress in multi-pass
welds in stainless steel pipe and comparison with experimental measurements. In: Computational Materials
Science, Vol. 37, pp. 269 - 277.
DURANTON, P. et al. (2004). 3D modelling of multipass welding of a 316L stainless steel pipe. In: Journal of
Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 153-154, pp. 457 - 463.
BRUNA, M., KUCHARCIK, L., SLADEK, A. (2013). Complex evaluation of porosity in A356 alluminium alloy
using advanced porosity module. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 26-30. J.E. Purkyne Uni-
WANG, Y. et al. (2013). Simulation and analysis of temperature field for in-service multi-pass welding of a sleeve
fillet weld. In: Computational Materials Science, Vol. 68, pp. 198 - 205.
ZMINDAK, M.; MESKO, J.; PELAGIC, Z.; ZRAK, A. (2014). Finite Element Analysis of Crack Growth in Pi-
pelines. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 116 - 122.
welding. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 355-359. J.E. Purkyne University, Ústi nad Labem.
MORAVEC, J. (2011). Influence of Welding Parameters on Weld Pool’s Geometry in Shielding Gas Welding.
Pollypress, Liberec.
NOVÁK, P., MEŠKO, J., ŽMINDÁK, M. (2013). Finite element implementation of Multi-pass Fillet Weld with
Phase Changes. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 79 - 85.
AKBARI, D., SATTARI-FAR, I. (2009). Effect of the welding heat input on residual stresses in butt-welds of
dissimilar pipe joints. In: International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, Vol. 86, pp. 769 - 776.
LEE, CH.-H., CHANG, K.-H. (2014). Comparative study on girth weld-induced residual stresses between auste-
nitic and duplex stainless steel pipe welds. In: Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 63, pp. 140 - 150.
ASL, H. M., VATANI, A. (2013). Numerical analysis of the burn-through at in-service welding of 316 stainless
steel pipeline. In: International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, Vol. 105-106, pp. 49 - 59.
SYSWELD Engineering Guide of Training and Toolbox (2006). ESI Group, France.
RADEK, N., BARTKOWIAK, K. (2012). Laser Treatment of Electro-Spark Coatings Deposited in the Carbon
Steel Substrate with using Nanostructured WC-Cu Electrodes. In: Physics Procedia, Vol. 39, pp. 295 - 301.
TRZASKA, J. (2013). Calculation of the steel hardness after continuous cooling. In: Archives of Materials Science
and Engineering, Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 87 - 92.


Digital Factory Simulation Tools
Ji í Kyncl
Department of Machining, Process Planning and Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical Uni-
versity in Prague, Technická 4, 166 07 Praha 6, E-mail: jiri.kyncl@fs.cvut.cz
The article deals with the use of Siemens digital factory concept for production capacity planning. In the increasing
competitive environment of globalized world economy, pressure to grow effciency of production pro-cesses and
systems greatly increases. In addition the increasing cmplexity of product requires appropriate as well as-sembly
and logistic processes as production process planning and control. These requirements in the production process
planning and cotrol may be due to its complexity filled only with appropriate instruments provided by comprehe-
sive concept of the digital factory, which allow effective use of information on production, promote collaboration
between departments and provide relevant data to anyone who needs it. This paper describes implementation of
digital factory simulation tools for the production process planning and control at our industrial partner. This
approach to production capacity planning using the digital factory concept is unique in the Czech Republic.
Keywords: Digital factory; simulation; optimization; production process control; production process planning
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the governmental funding of Technological Agency of Czech Republic – project number
TA04020658.
References
BERANEK, L.; VOLF, L. & MIKES, P.: Coordinate Metrology Education Using Virtual CMM, Annals of
DAAAM for 2011 & Proceedings of the 22nd International DAAAM Symposium, ISBN 978-3-901509-83-4, ISSN
1726-9679, pp 1323-1324, Editor B[ranko] Katalinic, Published by DAAAM International, Vienna, Austria 2011.
KOSTURIAK, J., GREGOR, M., MI IETKA, B., MATUZSEK, J.: Projektovanie výrobných systémov pre 21.
storo í, Žilinská univerzita, 2000, pp. 397, ISBN 80-7100-553-3
VL EK, R.: Management hodnotových inovací. Praha, Management Press, 2008, ISBN 978-80-7261-164-5
ZELENKA, A.: Projektování výrobních proces a systém . VUT v Praze, 2007, pp 136, ISBN 978-80-01-03912-
0
ALUKAL, G., MANOS, A.: Lean Kaizen. Quality Press, Milwaukee, USA, 2006, pp. 174, ISBN 978-0-87389-
689-4
FIALA, P.: Projektové ízení, modely, metody, analýzy. Professional Publishing, 2004, pp. 276, ISBN 80-86419-
24-X
GÜNTHER, H.-O., TEMPELMEIER, H.: Übungsbuch Produktion ung Logistik. Springer, 2006, pp. 248, ISBN
3-540-25704-7
STASIAK-BETLEJEWSKA, R. (2010). Construction Product Quality Improvement with Applying Production
Problems Analysis. In Manufacturing Technology. Vol. 15, No. 5, ISSN 1213-2489
BORKOWSKI, S., STASIAK-BETLEJEWSKA, R. (2010). Analysis of anti-corrosion coating process on steel
constructions. In Manufacturing Technology. Vol. 10, No. 10, pp.27 – 29. ISSN 1213-2489


Reparation by Hard Facing of the Damaged Secondary Stone Crushers
Vuki Lazi 1, Dušan Arsi 1,*, Ružica Nikoli 1,2, Milan Mutavdži 3, Jozef Meško4
1
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Sestre Janji 6, Str., 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia,
E-mails: vlazic@kg.ac.rs; dusan.arsic@fink.rs (corresponding author);
2
Research center, University in Žili na, Univerzitna 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia; E-mail: ruzicarnikolic@yahoo.com
3
High Technical School, 24. November bb, 38218 Leposavi , Serbia; E-mail: mutavdzicmilan57@gmail.com
4
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University in Žilina, Univerzitna 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia;
E-mail: Jozef.Mesko@fstroj.uniza.sk
The possibilities for reparation by hard facing of the damaged working parts – the hammers of the secondary
stones crusher are investigated in this paper. The analyzed crusher is stationary and it belongs into a group of the
process equipment aimed for producing the crushed stone. The produced stone is later used for manufacturing
various construction materials like asphalt, concrete, etc. Wear of the crusher's working parts occurs during the
exploitation due to operation with very hard materials. That wear is usually abrasive and of high intensity what
causes failure of the working parts and consequently the machine's downtimes and appearance of various types of
losses, primarily financial ones. To prevent that, and to reduce the downtimes as well, one uses reparation tech-
nologies, one of which is hard facing. The analysis of the mass losses of the hard faced parts, after certain number
of hours of the crusher's field operation, is performed in this paper.
Keywords: Reparation, Hard facing, Hammer, Secondary crusher
Acknowledgement
This research was partially financially supported by European regional development fund and Slovak state budget by
the project "Research Centre of the University of Žilina" - ITMS 26220220183 and by the Ministry of Education,
Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia through grants: ON174004, TR32036, TR35024 and
TR33015 and VEGA – project no. 1/0836/13 “Technological aspects of the laser cutting process, numerical modeling
and simulation in terms of optimalization, improve the quality and efficiency of production processes.” Responsible
investigator: prof. Jozef Meško, MSc., Ph.D.
References
NEDELJKOVI , B., BABI , M., MUTAVDŽI , M., RATKOVI , N., ALEKSANDROVI , S., NIKOLI , R.,
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Analysis of Heat Transfer Conditions in the Sand and Metal Moulds and Their Effect on the
Solidification of the Casting
Jiri Machuta, Iva Nova

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17 Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
E-mail: jiri.machuta@tul.cz, iva.nova@tul.cz,
The article deals with heat transfer in the casting - mould system. There are characteristics of sand and metal
mould. The sand mould is a dispersion system, respectively - a capillary-porous body. In sand mould are heat
transfers shared by all three ways: conduction, convection and radiation. These individual elementary processes
of heat transfer are only theoretical significance, as very often processes are taking place simultaneously in diffe-
rent intensities or interact. The maximum effects of these processes are in a certain temperature range. From
temperature 200 °C dominates conduction heat transfer. Between of temperatures 200 to 600 ° C is the effective
convection heat transfere. At higher temperatures above 600 ° C prevails radiation heat transfer. This is the con-
sequence, why the sand mould has a lower value thermal accumulation than a metal mould. The metal mould as a
result of its character and compactness has a high heat accumulation value. Therefore, in the metal mould cast
solidifies faster than the in sand mould. Based on the Newton´s and Fourier´s laws, there were indicative calculated
times of solidification cast of shape plate in the sand and metal moulds. Concurently were made simulations calcu-
lations performed solidification of shaped plate through simulation software MAGMA 5. To obtain the correspon-
ding results of simulation calculations, it is important to use the respective temperature-dependent of the thermo-
physical variables, including temperature dependence heat transfer coefficient.
Keywords: Sand mould, Metal mould, Solidification, Heat transfer, Thermo-physical quantities.
Acknowledgement
This article is financially supported by Ministry of Education Youth and Sports of Czech Republic through the project
SGS.
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FEM/AI Models for the Simulation of Precision Grinding
Angelos P. Markopoulos1, János Kundrák2

1
Section of Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens,
Heroon Polytechniou 9, 15780 Athens, Greece E-mail: amark@mail.ntua.gr
2
Institute of Manufacturing Science, University of Miskolc, Egyetemváros H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary E-mail:
kundrak@uni-miskolc.hu
Simulation of grinding is a topic of great interest due to the wide application of the process in contemporary in-
dustry. Up to date, several modelling methods have been utilized in order to accurately describe the complex phe-
nomena taking place during grinding, the most common being the finite element method and artificial intelligence
techniques, e.g. soft computing methods. The present paper proposes a new hybrid model for precision grinding,
more specifically the combination of finite elements with neural networks. The model possesses the advantages of
both the aforementioned methods, for the prediction of several grinding features that define the outcome of the
process and the quality of the final product.
Keywords: Grinding, Modelling and Simulation, Finite Element Method, Neural Networks
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Determination of Stiffness of Triple Spring Built in a Bogie of a Rail Vehicle
Mária Ma urová, Andrej Suchánek

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Transport and Handling Machines. University of Zilina. Univerzitná
8215/1, 010 26 Žilina. Slovak Republic. E-mail: maria.manurova@fstroj.uniza.sk, andrej.suchanek@fstroj.uniza.sk
The article deals with the calculation of stiffness of a secondary suspension spring built in a bogie of a rail vehicle
with a tilting car body. The vertical stiffness of the springs was calculated using the ANSYS program. The results
were compared with calculated values afterwards. The lateral stiffness was evaluated in a similar manner. Ana-
lytical method by Gross, Wahl, Budrick, Timoshenko and Ponomarev was used for comparison with numerical
values. The ANSYS simulation was performed for calculating the vertical stiffness of the triple springs. The most
suitable analytical method is a method by Timoshenko and Ponomarev, where the percentage difference was the
smallest. The obtained data will be used as an input for the design of coil springs which will be implemented in a
model of a vehicle with a tilting car body, for which the comfort values during transition in curve will eventually
be determined.
Keywords: Secondary Suspension, Spring, Bogie, Stiffness
Acknowledgement
The work was supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic and the
Slovak Academy of Sciences in project No. 1/0347/12: “Railway wheel tread profile wear research under the rail
vehicle in operation conditions simulation on the test bench”, project No. 1/0383/12: “The rail vehicle running prop-
erties research with the help of a computer simulation.” and the project No. APVV-0842-11: “Equivalent railway
operation load simulator on the roller rig”.
Research-Educational Center of Rail Vehicles (VVCKV).
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Evaluation of MRR after WEDM Depending on the Resulting Surface
Katerina Mouralova, Josef Bednar, Jiri Kovar, Jindrich Mach

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology. Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno. Czech Republic.
E-mail: mouralova@fme.vutbr.cz, bednar@fme.vutbr.cz, kovar@fme.vutbr.cz, mach@fme.vutbr.cz
The aim of this article is to evaluate the material removal rate (MRR) after wire electrical discharge machining
(WEDM) and subsequent characteristics of the machined surface. For efficient processing, the aim is to achieve
the highest MRR values but with regard to the preserving of required quality and functional characteristics of the
surface. During the electrical discharge of material removal craters occur on the workpiece surface and due to
diffusion process here premixed and melted material of fodder and wire electrodes cling. As a result of melting
and fast cooling down of the workpiece material microcracks may occur on its surface.
Keywords: WEDM, Electrical Discharge Machining, Design of Experiment, SEM, Aluminium alloy
Acknowledgement
This work is an output of research and scientific activities of NETME Centre, supported through project NETME
CENTRE PLUS (LO1202) by financial means from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports under the „National
Sustainability Programme I“.
This part of work was carried out with the support of core facilities of CEITEC - Central European Institute of Tech-
nology under CEITEC - open access project, ID number LM2011020, funded by Ministry of Education, Youth and
Sports of the Czech Republic under the activity Projects of major infrastructures for research, development and inno-
vations.
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ABBADI, A., MATOUŠEK, R. (2012). RRTs Review and Statistical Analysis. In: International Journal of Mathe-
matics and Computers in Simulation, pp. 1-8.


Laser Cutting of Non-Metallic Material - PMMA
Rastislav Nigrovi , Jozef Meško

University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1, Department of Technological Engineering; rastislav.nigrovic@fstroj.uniza.sk, jo-
zef.mesko@fstroj.uniza.sk
The presented article describes and characterizes laser cutting of PMMA, the impact of the laser beam on the
PMMA material and compares it with a conventionally using cutting of plastic material - milling. In the experi-
mental part is compare sample shown in Fig. 4 which was cutting by using a laser beam, milling and the sample
which has been cut by laser but was modified by drying, which change properties of the material after cutting.
Keywords: laser cutting, milling, plastic materials, PMMA
Acknowledgement
Research presented in this paper was partially financially supported through realization of projects VEGA no.
1/0186/09 - ( V – 13 – 013 – 00 ) - „ Technological aspects of the laser cutting process, numerical modeling and
simulation in terms of optimalization, improve the quality and efficiency of production processes „. Responsible inves-
tigator : prof. Jozef Meško, MSc., Ph.D.
References
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CARISTAN, L. C. (2004). Laser cutting guide for manufacturing. Dearborn, Michigan, USA: Society of Manu-
facturing Engineers, 452p. ISBN 0-87263-686-0.
ŽMINDÁK, M., MEŠKO, J., PELAGI , Z., ZRAK, A. (2014). Finite element analysis of crack growth in pipeli-
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1213-2489.
SEJC, P., BIELAK, R., SVEC, P., ROSKO, M. (2006). Computer simulation of heat affected zone during MIG
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J.E. Purkyne University, Ústi nad Labem. ISSN 1213-2489.
KONAR, R., MICIAN, M. (2014). Non-destructive testing of welds in gas pipelines repairs with Phased Array
ultrasonic technique. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 42-47. J.E. Purkyne University, Ústi nad
Labem. ISSN 1213-2489.
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RADEK, N., MESKO, J., ZRAK, A. (2014). Technology of laser forming. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol.
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VRZGULA, P., FATURIK, M., MICIAN, M. (2014). New inspection technologies for identification of failure in
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J.E. Purkyne University, Ústi nad Labem. ISSN 1213-2489.
PATEK, M., KONAR, R., SLADEK, A., RADEK, N. (2014). Non-destructive testing of split sleeve welds by the
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Ústi nad Labem. ISSN 1213-2489.
LAGO, J., BOKUVKA, O., NOVY, F. (2015). The weld toe improvement of Domex 700 by laser remelting. In:
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HUANG, Y., LIU, S., Yang, W., YU, Ch. (2010). Surface roughness analysis and improvement of PMMA-based
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Fatigue Durability of Ductile Iron in Very-High-Cycle Region
František Nový1, Peter Kopas1, Otakar Bok vka1, Adriana Savin2

1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovak Republic. E-mail: franti-
sek.novy@fstroj.uniza.sk, peter.kopas@fstroj.uniza.sk, otakar.bokuvka@fstroj.uniza.sk
2
National Institute of R&D for Technical Physics, Mangeron Boulevard 47, 700050 Iasi, Romania. E-mail: asavin@phys-
iasi.ro
In this work there are published results about fatigue resistance of ductile iron with various types of matrix obta-
ined at cyclic loading in very-high-cycle region. The results show continuous decrease of the stress amplitude with
increasing of cycles number to the failure. The tensile strength increase is not accompanied with corresponding
increase of fatigue properties. The fatigue durability decreases while the tensile strength increases.
Keywords: Ductile iron, austempered ductile iron, fatigue durability
Acknowledgement
This research has been partially supported by Scientific Grand Agency of Ministry of Education of Slovak Republic
and Slovak Academy of Sciences, grants VEGA No. 1/0123/15 and 1/0683. A part of research was solved also in the
frame of the European Regional Development Fund and Slovak State Budge project APVV-14-0096. This support is
gratefully acknowledged.
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Influence of High-Pressure Die-Casting Second Stage Parameter on Structure Of

AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Alloy
"ukasz Pa!yga, Mateusz Stachowicz, Kazimierz Granat

Department of Foundry Engineering, Plastics and Automation, Wroc!aw University of Technology, Wybr-
ze e Wyspia skiego 25, 50-370 Wroc!aw, Poland. E-mail: mateusz.stachowicz@pwr.edu.pl
In the paper, results of a research on influence of piston stroke rate on structures of AlSi9Cu3(Fe) (EN AB-46000
group) castings manufactured at constant intensification pressure of 290 bar are presented. Relation between pis-
ton speed (0.3- 2.3 m/s) and casting structure was evaluated after a series of trial high-pressure castings. The ex-
aminations were carried-out on properly prepared samples taken from the castings in places with the largest cross-
section area. The effect of pouring rate was evaluated on the grounds of metallographic observations on a light
microscope and a scanning electron microscope. It was found that larger grains of the very hard phase solidify at
low piston speed between 0.3 and 0.75 m/s. Higher piston speed results in finer casting structure and in refinement
of particles of intermetallic Fe-Mn phase, which is beneficial for usable properties of the castings.
Keywords: pressure die casting, structure, silumin, SEM, 2nd injection stage
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The Heat Flux at the Crystallization Under Pressure
Richard Pastir ák, Ján Moravec, Eva Kuchar íková

Department of technological engineering. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1, 01026
Žilina, Slovak Republic. E-mail: richard.pastircak@fstroj.uniza.sk, jan.moravec@fstroj.uniza.sk, eva.ku-
charcikova@fstroj.uniza.sk
This article deals with the influence of different specific pressures on the heat flux from the casting into the mould.
The determination of the heat flux at different crystallization conditions will be the basis for the simulation calcu-
lation of the solidification with the crystallization under pressure.
The article presents the results of the measured temperatures inside of the mold and casting by influencing of the
crystallization pressure of 100 MPa. For comparison, results are also presented in gravity cast specimens. Also are
presented pictures of microstructure that were observed near the surface of the casting. On the basis of the meas-
ured temperatures inside of the mold are calculated as a value of the heat flow from casting into the casting mold.
The results of heat flow correspond with the evaluation result of the microstructure.
Keywords: squeeze casting, heat flux, pressure, alloy AlSi7Mg0.3
Acknowledgements
This work was created within the solution of the grant project VEGA no. 1/0551/14. The authors thank the Grant
Agency for support.
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JACOB O. AWEDA, MICHAEL B. ADEYEMI. (2012). Experimental Determination of Heat Transfer Coeffi-
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Design and Testing of the Novel Split Sleeve for Branch Connection Repairs Based on Inter-
nal Pressure
Marek Patek, Augustín Sládek, Miloš Mi ian

University of Žilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Technological Engineering, Univerzitná 8215/1,
010 26 Žilina, Slovakia. E-mail: marek.patek@fstroj.uniza.sk, augustin.sladek@fstroj.uniza.sk, milos.mi-
cian@fstroj.uniza.sk
Presented article deals with designing of the novel technology for repairing of the defects in branch connections of
the gas pipelines. Until now, defects of the branch connections could be repaired mainly by replacing of the da-
maged area, especially those allied with gas leakage. The most important requirement of new type of repairing
technology is maximal allowable operational pressure, which has to be the same as for repaired pipeline. Dimen-
sions of the split sleeve should be thus designed according to required pressure value. In the case of split sleeve for
branch connections, dimensions were determined by the static analysis in ANSYS software. Designed sleeve was
after manufacturing process subjected to pressure testing by standardised test to confirm requirements of the
standards. Pressure test to destruction was performed in order to determine the weakest place of construction.
Proposed repairing solution might lead to reducing of the costs for performing of the branch connections repairs.
Keywords: Pipeline repair, Branch connection defects, Finite element analysis, Internal Pressure
Acknowledgement
Research has been supported by Scientific Grant Agency of Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic, grant KEGA
034ŽU-4/2015. Authors acknowledge the grant agency for support.
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BATISSE R. (2007). Review of gas transmission pipeline repair methods. In: Safety, Reliability and Risks Asso-
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MI IAN M., PATEK M., SLÁDEK, A. (2014). Concept of repairing branch pipes on high-pressure pipelines by
using split sleeve. In: Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 60-66.
ŽMINDÁK, M., MEŠKO, J., PELAGI , Z., ZRAK, A. (2014). Finite element analysis of crack growth in pipeli-
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BEER F.P. et al. (2011). Statics and Mechanics of Materials, pp. 714. McGraw-Hill, New York.
ZRAK, A., KO ÁR, R., JANKEJECH, P. (2015). Influence of chemical composition in steel on laser cutting
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EN 13480-3 Metallic industrial piping. Part 3: Design and calculations, 2012.
EN 12 327 Gas infrastructure. Pressure testing, commissioning and decommissioning procedures. Functional
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ding, 2011. (in Slovak)


Tool Geometry Influence on Surface Integrity of Machined Austenite Stainless Steel
Zden k Pitrmuc1, Ji í apek2, Kamil Kola ík2, Libor Beránek1, Jan Urban1
1
Department of Machining, Process Planning and Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical Uni-
versity in Prague. E-mail: libor.beranek@fs.cvut.cz, zdenek.pitrmuc@fs.cvut.cz
2
Department of Solid State Engineering, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical Uni-
versity in Prague. E-mail: capekjir@fjfi.cvut.cz, kamil.kolarik@fjfi.cvut.cz
The goal of this contribution was to describe the microstructure and properties changes of difficult to cut materials
after turning. Surface residual stresses, roughness, microstructure of AISI 304 type stainless steel were studied as
a function of side rake angle o. Residual stresses and phase composition of surface and sub-surface layers were
determined using X-ray diffraction techniques. The presence of strain-induced martensite was investigated using
Barkhausen noise, optical microscope, and microhardness measurement.
Keywords: Austenite Stainless Steel, Strain-induced Martensite, Tool Geometry, Residual Stresses, Roughness
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the governmental funding of Technological Agency of Czech Republic – project number
TA04020658.
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Appliciation of Heat Treatment for Elimination of Iron in Secondary Al-Si Alloy
Lukáš Richtárech, Dana Bolibruchová, Eva Kuchar íková

Department of Technological Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1,
010 26, Slovak Republic, Email: danka.bolibruchova@fstroj.uniza.sk
This paper deals with possibility of changing of shape of iron based phases in the secondary alloy AlSi7Mg0.3
microstructure by heat treatment. The Al-Si alloy usually has some other coexisting elements such as copper,
magnesium, manganese, zinc, and iron. The solubility of these elements in aluminum usually increases with increasing
temperature. This decrease from high concentrations at elevated temperatures to relatively low concentrations during
solidification and heat treatment results in the formation of secondary intermetallic phases. For instance, the
precipitation of Si, Mn, and Fe forms an Al12(Fe,Mn)3Si phase. The wide variety of intermetallic phases in aluminum
alloys occur because aluminum is highly electronegative and trivalent. The main attention of this research is paid on
possibility of changing the shape of iron based particles with heat treatment and on using heat treatment together with
iron corrector. Realization of experiments and results shows new view on effect of heat treatment on iron based
phases in castings with higher iron content.
Keywords: secondary AlSi7Mg0.3 alloys, intermetallic phases, heat treatment
Acknowledgment
This work was created in framework of the grant project VEGA . 1/0363/13. The authors would like to thank the
Grant Agency for support.
References
HURTALOVÁ, L., TILLOVÁ, E. (2013). Elimination of the negative effect of Fe-rich intermetallicphases in
secondary (recycled) aluminium cast alloy. In Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, p. 44-50, ISSN 1213-
2489
BOLIBRUCHOVA, D., ZIHALOVA, M. (2013). Possibilities of iron elimination in aluminium alloys by
vanadium. In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 289-296, ISSN 1213-2489
BOLIBRUCHOVA, D., RICHTARECH, L. (2014). Effect of selected elements on the microstructure of secondary
Al-Si alloys In: Manufacturing technology, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 431-437, ISSN 1213-2489
DINNIS, C. M. – TAYLOR, J. A. – DAHLE, A. K. 2005. As-cast morphology of iron-intermetallics in Al–Si
foundry alloys. In Scripta Materialia 53, 2005, p. 955 - 958
MICHALCOVÁ, A., VOJT CH, D. (2012). Structure of rapidly solidified aluminium alloys. In Manufacturing
Technology. ISSN 1213-2489. vol. 12, p.166-169
TAYLOR, J. A. 2004. The effect of iron in Al-Si casting alloys. In 35th Australian Foundry Institute National
Conference, Adelaide, South Australia, 2004, p. 148 – 157.
quality of casting made by patternless process technology. In Manufacturing technology. Vol.13, no.1 (2013), p.
92-97, ISSN 1213-2489
BR NA, M., KUCHAR ÍK, L. (2013). Prediction of the porosity of Al alloys. In Manufacturing technology. Vol.
13, no. 3 (2013), p. 296-302, ISSN 1213-2489
Moderné vzdelávanie pre vedomostnú spolo nos /Projekt je spolufinancovaný zo zdrojov EÚ

Podpora kvality vzdelávania a rozvoj udských zdrojov v oblasti technického výskumu a vývoja v priestore
modernej vedomostnej spole nosti
ITMS 26110230117


Development and Production of Prototype Model of Axial Fan
Josef Sedlak1, Jiri Malasek2, Martin Ondra2, Ales Polzer1

1
Department of Machining Technology, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic. E-mail: sedlak@fme.vutbr.cz,
polzer@fme.vutbr.cz
2
Department of Handling and Building Machines, Institute of Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineer-
ing, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic. E-mail: malasek@fme.vutbr.cz,
m.rtin@seznam.cz
Additive technologies belong to modern trends in production of prototype components. They include e.g. sintering
of powders with a various chemical composition, granularity, physical, chemical and other usable qualities. There
belong to additive technologies especially a technology of Rapid Prototyping that use various principles to make
components. According to the used technology photopolymers, thermoplastics, a specially modified paper or metal
powders are used in a Rapid Prototyping machinery.
An article deals with a characteristic, concept, calculation and production of a prototype model of an axial fan that
enables quick build-up time of fan turbine speed. Production of the axial fan is realized by an additive technology
of Rapid Prototyping using a method of Fused Deposition Modelling – a 3D printer Fortus 360mc. The article
describes individual development stages from the concept to production itself including a final visualization of the
prototype model of an 11-blade axial fan.
Keywords: Axial Fan, Additive Technology, Rapid Prototyping, Fused Deposition Modeling, 3D Printer
Acknowledgement
The research was supported and co-financed from the project called „TA CR GAMA PP1 TG01010054 - VUT
SANCE“.
References
©
2015 VYTOZ-EKO spol. s.r.o. Ventilacni turbiny ZLT. All rights reserved. [Online]. [Seen 27th May 2015].
Available at: http://www.vytozeko.cz/ventilacni-turbiny-zlt/.
©
2015 H-tech group s.r.o. Ventilacni turbiny a vetraci ventilatory. All rights reserved. [Online]. [Seen 27th May
2015]. Available at: http://www.vetrani.com/index.php/cs/vv-ventilacni-turbiny.
©
2015 Haze s r.o. Lomanco ventilacni turbina. [Online]. [Seen 27th May 2015]. Available at:
http://www.haze.cz/stresni-vetraci-systemy/lomanco-ventilacni-turbina/.
©
2015 MOBILAND TRADE s.r.o., Edmonds. Neco o ventilaci. [Online]. [Seen 27th May 2015]. Available at:
http://www.ventilacniturbiny.cz/neco-o-ventilaci.
ONDRA, M. (2015). Vyvoj a regulace ventilacnich turbin. Brno. Master Thesis. Brno University of Technology,
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Automotive Engineering. 84 p., 15 appendices. Advisor doc. Ing.
Jiri Malasek, Ph.D.
Edmonds. In: Hurricane Brochure. [Online]. [Seen 18th April 2015]. Available at: http://www.ed-
monds.com.au/Edmonds/UploadedFiles/40/400d36aa-8717-47d7-adc8-b5cf04f32686.pdf.
Edmonds. In: Technicke specifikace windmaster, superwhirly. [Online]. [Seen 18th May 2015]. Available at:
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Edmonds. In: Technicke specifikace supavent, turbobeam. [Online]. [Seen 18th May 2015]. Available at:
http://www.ventilacniturbiny.cz/technicke-dokumenty/turbobeam/turbobeam-tech-specifikace.pdf.
Edmonds. In: Technicke specifikace turbo ventura, sewer vent. [Online]. [Seen 18th May 2015]. Available at:
http://www.ventilacniturbiny.cz/technicke-dokumenty/sewervent/sewervent-tech-specifikace.pdf.
Insight 10.2®. ©2015 Stratasys Ltd. All rights reserved. [Online]. [Seen. 21st September 2015]. Available at:
http://www.dimensionprinting.com/applications/rapid-prototyping.aspx.
CHUA, C. K., LEONG, K. F., LIM, C. S. (2010). Rapid Prototyping: Principles and Applications. 3rd Ed. New
Jersey: World Scientific, 512 p. ISBN 978-981-277-897-0.
GEBHARDT, A. (2003). Rapid Prototyping. CARL HANSER VERLAG, 377 p. ISBN 3-446-21259-0.

SEDLAK, J., PTACKOVA, M., NEJEDLY, J., MADAJ, M., DVORACEK, J., ZOUHAR, J., CHARVAT, O.,
PISKA, M. (2013). Material Analysis of Titanium Alloy Produced by Direct Metal Laser Sintering. Interna-
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MARCINCIN, J. N., JANAK, M., MARCINCINOVA, L. N. (2012). Increasing of Product Quality Produced by
Rapid Prototyping Technology. Manufacturing Technology, June, Vol. 12, No. 12, p. 71-75. ISSN 1213-2489.
SEDLAK, J., RICAN, D., PISKA, M. (2015). Study of Materials Produced by Powder Metallurgy Using Classi-
cal and Modern Additive Laser Technology. Procedia Engineering, Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 1232-1241. ISSN 1877-
7058.
SEDLAK, J., SEKERKA, V., SLANY, M., KOURIL, K., ZEMCIK, O., CHLADIL, J., ROZKOSNY, L. (2015).
Production of Prototype Parts Using Direct Metal Laser Sintering Technology. Acta Polytechnica, 2015, Vol. 55,
No. 4, p. 260-266. ISSN 1210-2709.
SEDLAK, J., SLANY, M., FIALA, Z., JAROS, A. (2015). Production Method of Implant Prototype of Knee-
Joint Femoral Component. Manufacturing Technology, 2015, Vol. 15, No. 2, p. 195-204. ISSN 1213-2489.
SHIGLEY, J. E., MISCHKE, Ch. R., BUDYNAS, R. G. (2010). Konstruovani strojnich soucasti. Brno:
VUTIUM, 1186 p. ISBN 978-80-214-2629-0.
LEINVEBER, J., VAVRA, P. (2011). Strojnicke tabulky. 5th Ed. Uvaly: ALBRA, 927 p. ISBN 978-80-7361-
081-4.


Ausferrite Flake Graphite Cast Iron at the Thermal Fatigue
B etislav Skrbek1, Ji í Hampl2

1
KMT SF TU Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, E-mail: bretislav.skrbek@tul.cz
2
VŠB TU FMME, 17. listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava Poruba, E-mail: jiri.hampl@vsb.cz,
The automotive brake (clutch) disks are produced almost exclusively from flake graphite cast iron. These disks
must fullfil a variety of strictly controlled parameters - high wear resistance, hardness, resistance against thermal
fatigue and good thermal conductivity. The microstructure is created by the IA graphite in pearlite matrix. The
isothermal hardening to ausferrite structure (AGI) was made in order to improve standard flake graphite cast
iron properties. New methods and procedures of non-destructive structuroscopy, magnetoinductive, ultrasound
and magnetic spot methods were used to compare material properties of flake graphite cast iron and ADI. By these
methods, elasticity modulus, strength and hardness were evaluated. The resistance against thermal fatigue was
evaluated by the Eichelberg factor. In this contribution, Material parameters of standard flake graphite cast iron
and AGI are compared. The heat treatment of brake disk matrix from AGI can considerably improve their mate-
rial parameters, especially durability.
Keywords: Non-destructive testing, thermal fatigue, brake disks, austempered cast irons
References
EN 1564 - 2012. Founding - Ausferitic spheroidal graphite cast iron. Standard.
EZÁ , Z. (2007). Pevnost p epážek válc motoru z r zných období. M.Sc. thesis, TU of Liberec.
SKRBEK, B. NOSEK, V. (2005). Materiál sedel ventil . In: Proceedings of METAL 2005 – 14th Int. Conf. Me-
talurgy and Materials, Ostrava : Tanger, Ltd., 2005, Paper no.2, p.1-5, ISBN 80-7849-972-5.
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2006 – 15th Int. Conf. Metalurgy and Materials, Ostrava: Tanger, Ltd.,. Paper 114. pp.5, ISBN 80-86840-18-2.
SKRBEK, B. (2006). NDT diagnostika strukturních zm n austenitických ventilových ocelí. In: Proceedings of
Provozní degradace austenitických ventilových ocelí, Liberec, TU SF KMT, p. 58-62, ISBN 80-7372-113-9.
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15 World Wheelset Congress, Prague Congress Centre, September 23-27, [CD ROM].
ANDRŠOVÁ, Z. (2014). Nedestruktivní strukturoskopie izotermicky kalených litin. Ph.D. Thesis, TU of Liberec,
PREMUS, M. (2015). Technologické zkoušky litinových brzdových kotou . M.Sc. Thesis, VŠB-TU Ostrava,
ANDRŠOVÁ, Z., SKRBEK, B. (2012). The use of magnetic and ultrasonic structuroscopy for inspection of
ADI/AGI castings. (2012). Sample Journal Manufacturing Technology, Volume 12, p. 93-97, ISSN 1213-2489.
NOVA, I., MACHUTA, J. (2014). Monitoring Methods the Properties and Structure of Grey Iron Castings. Sample
Journal, Manufacturing Technology, Volume 14, p. 223-228, ISSN 1213 2489.
ULEWICZ, R. (2014). Practical Application of Quality Tools in the Cast Iron Foundry. Sample Journal, Manu-
facturing Technology, Volume 14, p. 104-111, ISSN 1213 2489.


Electro-Erosive Wire Cutting of Aluminum Foam
František Špalek, Jana Petr , Tomáš Zlámal, Ivan Mrkvica, Robert ep, Ji í Kratochvíl
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava. 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava. The Czech
Republic, E-mail: frantisek.spalek@vsb.cz, jana.petru@vsb.cz, tomas.zlamal@vsb.cz, ivan.mrkvica@vsb.cz, ro-
bert.cep@vsb.cz, jiri.kratochvil@vsb.cz
This contribution deals with experimental cutting of samples made of special Alporas aluminum foam. This foam
has been made by a powder metallurgy method and the foam resulting structure features very diverse material
porosity. Test cuts through the aluminum foil were done using an non-conventional WEDM wire electro-erosive
cutting technology. Monitoring and analysis of effects of proposed processing parameters on the resulting cut
quality was done as a follow-up. Achieved accurracy of individual samples and its repeatability was also evaluated.
At the end of the contribution wire cutting of aluminum foam technology findings are summarized and possible
recommendations for practice are presented.
Key words: wire cutting, aluminium foam, powder metallurgy, non-conventional technology
Acknowledgments
This paper was created in the project No. LO1203 „Regional Materials Science and Technology Centre – Feasibility
Program" funded by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. This work was supported by the European Regional
Development Fund in the IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence project CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0070 and by Education for
Competitiveness Operational Programme financed by Structural Founds of Europe Union in project Integrita
CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0037 and by Student Grant Competitions SP2015/116 and SP2015/129 financed by the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports and Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava.
References
ŠPALEK, F. (2015). Technology Wire Electrical Discharge Machining: Master Thesis. Ostrava: VŠB – Technical
University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Machining, assembly and engineering
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HOCHENG, Hong, Hung-Yin TSAI. (2013). Advanced analysis of nontraditional machining. New York: Sprin-
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SOMMER, C. (2009). Non-traditional machining handbook. 2nd ed. Houston: Advance Publishing, 391 s. ISBN
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MI IETOVÁ, A., MA KOVÁ, I., VELÍŠEK, K. (2007). Top trendy v obrábaní. Žilina: Media/ST, 2007, 232 s.
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Model Studies. POOLE, Austin Lane. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering: 1087-1216. 2. ed. Ox-
ford: Clarendon press, 135(5): 051018-. Oxford history of England, III. DOI: 10.1115/1.4025009. ISSN 1087-
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ticle.aspx?doi=10.1115/1.4025009.
YILBAS, B. S., AKHTAR, S. S., KELES., O. (2015). Laser cutting of small diameter hole in aluminum foam. The
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2015, 79(1-4): 101-111. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-
015-6789-8. ISSN 0268-3768. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00170-015-6789-8.
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of the Al 6061 T651 Aluminum Alloy: Thermal stress analysis and morphology.Applied Mechanics and Materials.
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RAO, Thella Babu and A. Gopala KRISHNA. (2014). Selection of optimal process parameters in WEDM while
machining Al7075/SiCp metal matrix composites. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Techno-
logy. 2014, 73(1-4): 299-314. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-014-5780-0. ISSN 0268-3768. Available from:
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BEDNÁ OVÁ, V., LICHÝ, P., ELBEL, T., LÁNA, I. (2013). Production and properties of metal foams from
non-ferrous metals alloys. Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 262-265. ISSN 1213-2489
BANHART, J. (2001). Manufacture, characterisation and application of cellular metals and metal foams, In: Pro-
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NOVÁ, I., MACHUTA, J. (2007) Product from aluminium foam. MM Industrial Spectrum, Vol. 11, No.12 pp.
58-59. ISSN 1212-2572


Effect of Pre-Wetting of High-Silica Sand on Parameters of Dried Moulding Sands Bonded

with Selected Grades of Water-Glass
Mateusz Stachowicz, Kazimierz Granat, !ukasz Pa"yga, Micha" Kami ski

Department of Foundry Engineering, Plastics and Automation, Wroc"aw University of Technology, Wybr-
ze e Wyspia skiego 25, 50-370 Wroc"aw, Poland. E-mail: mateusz.stachowicz@pwr.edu.pl
Within the research, an attempt was made to determine influence of preliminary wetting of high-silica based eco-
friendly moulding sands containing sodium water-glass on effectiveness of their hardening by traditional drying.
Effectiveness of adding water to the base during stirring was evaluated by comparing mechanical and technologi-
cal parameters after traditional drying at 100 °C. Medium high-silica sand and two grades of hydrated sodium
silicate 149 and 150 were used in the examinations. It was found that modification of preparation procedure by
adding a proper quantity of water to high-silica base before adding binder (1.5 wt%) favourably affects mechanical
and technological parameters of hardened sandmix. Results of the measurements are correlated with SEM obser-
vations of links between base grains. On the grounds of complex evaluation of moulding sands hardened by tra-
ditional drying, a positive effect of water addition was found, especially in the sandmixes containing binder with
higher viscosity, i.e. grade 149. Optimum quantity of water addition should be determined for each specific grade
of binder.
Keywords: foundry sands, drying technology, water-glass, wetting, strength
References
GRANAT, K., NOWAK, D., PIGIEL, M., STACHOWICZ, M., WIKIERA, R. (2007). The influence of hardening
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GRANAT, K., NOWAK, D., PIGIEL, M., STACHOWICZ, M., WIKIERA, R. (2008). The influence of micro-
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STACHOWICZ, M., GRANAT, K. (2015). Influence of melt temperature on strength parameters of cyclically
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DOBOSZ, S.,M. (2006). Water in moulding and core sands, pp. 9 – 19, 123 - 136. Akapit Science Publisher,
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BOBROWSKI, A., KMITA, A., STAROWICZ, M., STYPU!A, B., HUTERA, B. (2012). Effect of Magnesium
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Influence of Cutting Conditions on Profile Milling of INCONEL 738LC Alloy
Jan Tomí ek, Alexey Molotovnik

Department of machining, process planning and metrology, Faculty of mechanical engineering, CTU in Prague. Tech-
nicka 4, 166 07 Praha 6 Dejvice. Czech Republic. E-mail: jan.tomicek@fs.cvut.cz
This article presents particular results from a long term research focused on machining of INCONEL alloys. As a
representative of this group of material INCONEL 738LC is selected and the article presents results of different
experiments conducted. The behavior of material under different conditions was evaluated with focus to define
cutting condition that can be recommended as suitable cutting conditions for profile milling of material. Basic
problems of profile milling are exposed with focus to the respective material. Several machining experiments are
explained and archived results are discussed. Effect of tool geometry and geometrical constraints and relations
during profile milling is defined. Tool wear and cutting forces were measured and evaluated. The final conclusion
is a recommendation for successful machining of given material.
Keywords: Inconel 738LC, profile milling, CAM, cutting force, tool wear
Acknowledgement
This experiment was conducted under the scientific research included in the project TA02011031 – Surface integrity
after application of new progressive technologies for milling on 4 and 5 axis machining centers.
References
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KYNCL, J., BERÁNEK, L., KOLA ÍK, K., PALA, Z. (2014). The Research of the Surface Profile after Profiling
of Inconel 738LC, Procedia Engineering, vol. 2014, no. 69, pp. 974-979, ISSN 1877-7058
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Improvements in Material Characteristics Core Centrifugally Cast Rolls
Tomáš Válek1, Ji í Hampl2, Jakub Rušaj2

1
Vítkovické Slévárny, spol. s r.o., Halasova 2904, 706 02 Ostrava – Vítkovice, Czech Republic. E-mail: valek@vitkovic-
keslevarny.cz
2
VŠB-Technical Univesity of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, jiri.hampl@vsb.cz
The paper describes the influence of metallurgical processing on the microstructural characteristics of spheroidal
graphite cast iron. The iron is used for casting the core of double layer centrifugally cast rolls. Low carbon content
in the core spheroidal graphite cast iron supporting metastable solidification was eliminated by managing of me-
tallurgical processing of spheroidal graphite cast iron. The metallurgical quality of the cast iron was controlled by
using thermal analysis during all time i.e. melting furnace, through modification and inoculation. The metallurgi-
cal quality is documented by metallographic analysis, determination of surface proportion and amount of graphite
on surface etched specimen. Test rolls were cast in operating conditions in roll foundry Vítkovické foundries, spol.
s r.o. Evaluation of melts and microstructures were made in the laboratories of the VSB-TU Ostrava.
Keywords: Centrifugally cast rolls, metallurgical quality, spheroidal graphite cast iron, inoculation
Acknowledgement
This paper was made with the support of TA CR within the project ev. no. TA04010223.
References
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Evaluation of Vanadium Influence in AlSi10MgMn Alloy with Increased Iron Level
Maria Zihalova, Dana Bolibruchova

Department of Technological Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zilina, Univerzitna 8215/1,
010 26 Zilina. Slovak Republic. E-mail: maria.zihalova@fstroj.uniza.sk, danka.bolibruchova@fstroj.uniza.sk
Final properties of castings made of aluminium alloys strongly depend on amount of impurities. Production of
high quality parts thus requires strict control of impurity level or elimination of detrimental effects caused by
presence of impurities. Such requirements are even more important in case of castings made of recycled materials.
In Al-Si based alloys is very important awareness of the problems with the presence of iron as an impurity. Nega-
tive iron effect is expressive even in low amounts, and with higher level becomes more harmful. Elimination of its
effects can be performed by several techniques, from which no one have general implementation. One of the pos-
sible ways is addition of so called iron correctors to the alloys. Influence of vanadium as iron corrector is still not
precisely examined. In this article, influence of vanadium to AlSi10MgMn alloy with 1.0 wt. % of iron is analysed
by tensile and hardness testing together with microstructural evaluation.
Keywords: AlSi10MgMn alloy, Intermetallic phase, Correctors of iron, Vanadium
Acknowledgements
This work was created in the framework of the grant project VEGA N° 1/0363/13. The authors acknowledge the grant
agency for support.
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