7/14/12 4 of 4

STRUCTURAL SPECIFICATIONS AND GENERAL CONSTRUCTION NOTES

I. DESIGN CODES:

 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete

American Concrete Institute, ACI-318-95

 National Structural Code of the Philippines, NSCP



II. DESIGN LOADS:

LIVELOADS

Roof Liveload 500 Pa

Residential Area Liveload 1920 Pa

DEADLOADS

Reinforced Concrete 23.56 kN/m³

Steel 76.89 kN/m³

Soil 15.50 kN/m³

WINDLOAD

Wind Velocity 200 kph

SEISMIC LOAD

Seismic Zone Factor, (Z) 0.40

Importance Factor, (I) 1.00

Site Coefficient, (S) E

 Structural System Factor, (Rw) 8.50

Numerical Coefficient, (C) 0.0731

Near Source Factor, (Na) 1.0

Near Source Factor, (Nv) 1.0

SOIL BEARING CAPACITY 75 kPa based on soil test conducted by GEOTESTING, Int’l

PRC NO.

PTR NO.

PLACE ISSUED

DATE ISSUED
 III. CONCRETE

CEMENT

Portland Cement shall conform to the “SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE”
(ASTM C150 Latest Revision) for Type 1 Portland Cement, and shall be used in concreting of beams, columns,
footings, slabs and other structural members.

FINE AGGREGATE

Fine aggregate used in composition of concrete, mortar, grout, or plaster shall consist of sand, stone, screenings or
other inert materials with similar characteristics, or a combination thereof, having clean, hard, strong, durable,
uncoated grains and free from injurious amount of soft or organic matter, shale, alkali, loam or other deleterious
substances and shall not contain more than 5% clay. Fine aggregate must be thoroughly washed with clean water
before use.

COARSE AGGREGATE

Coarse aggregate shall consist of crushed stones, gravel, or other approved inert material with similar characteristics,
or a combination thereof, having clean, hard strong, durable, uncoated particles, free from injurious amount of soft,
thin, elongated or laminated pieces, alkali, organic or other deleterious matter. Coarse aggregate must thoroughly
washed with clean water before its use. All foreign materials and dust shall remove by adequate processing. The
maximum size aggregate permitted is 1/5 of the narrowest dimension between sides of forms of the concrete member
or 3/4 of the minimum clear spacing between reinforcing steel bars or 1/3 the depth of reinforced concrete slab.

WATER
Water used in mixing concrete shall be clean and free from injurious amount of oil, acids, alkali, organic materials or
other substances that maybe harmful to concrete or steel reinforcement. The use of sea or brackish water shall never
be allowed.

CONTROLLED STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

Concrete for all columns, walls core walls, tank walls, sub-floor framing, basement walls, beams, girders, parapet,
slabs, footings, and stair shall develop MINIMUM 28-DAY CYLINDER STRENGTH of 27.57 MPa (4000 psi) unless
otherwise specified in the plans.

Concrete for all bedded slabs, curbs, and all other non-structural concrete work shall develop minimum 28-day
cylinder strength of 20.68 MPa (3000 psi) unless otherwise specified in the plans.

Refer to Structural plans and other supplementary documents for particular strength of concrete mix.

METHOD OF DETERMINING STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

The CONTRACTOR shall submit design mixes from samples using materials specified herein, and made in
accordance with “STANDARD METHOD OF MAKING AND CURING CONCRETE COMPRESSION AND FLEXURE
TEST SPECIMENS IN THE LABORATORY” (ASTM C192 LATEST REVISION) for each strength required, stating
the proposed slump, proportional weight of cement, saturated surface, dry aggregates and water. These mixes shall
be proved by preliminary test thirty (30) days before concreting and shall show a 28-day strength 15% higher than the
ultimate strength required. No substitutions shall be made in the materials or mix without additional tests to show that
the quality of concrete is satisfactory.

CONCRETE PROPORTION AND CONSISTENCY

The proportions of aggregate to cement for any concrete shall be such as to produce a mixture, which will work
readily into corners and angles of the forms, and around reinforcement with the method of placing employed on work,
but without permitting the materials to segregate, or excess free water to collect on the surface. The combined
aggregates on the No. 4 standard sieve, the weight passing the sieve (fine aggregate) shall not less than thirty
percent (30%) nor greater than fifty (50%) of the total, except that those proportions do not necessarily apply to light
weight aggregates.

The method of measuring concrete materials shall be such that proportions can be accurately controlled and
easily checked at any time during work. Measurement for ready-mixed concrete shall conform to the “STANDARD
SPECIFICATIONS FOR READY-MIXED CONCRETE” (ASTM C94, latest revision) where applicable.
Aggregate shall be measured by weight, and within 1% tolerance. Cement shall conform to 40 kg per bag and this is
to be verified from time to time. Water shall be measured by weight of volume to within 1 to 1-1/2 % tolerances.

The water shall in no case exceed 28 and 25 liters per bag of cement for all concrete with strength of f’c = 17MPa
and f’c= 20.68 MPa respectively.

Slump test shall be within the following limits:

Section of Structure Slump

Reinforced foundation walls footing 50 mm - 100

mm

Plain footings, caissons and sub-structure wall 25 mm - 100

mm

Slabs, beams, thin reinforced walls and building column 75 mm - 100

mm

Pavement and floor laid on ground 25 mm - 75 mm

Heavy mass construction 25 mm - 75 mm

Construction joints not indicated on the drawings shall be so made and located as to least impair the strength of
structure. Where joint is to be made, roughen joint surface at about 6mm amplitude to remove laitance then clean
thoroughly. In addition, thoroughly wet vertical before placing the new concrete. The contractor shall submit the
proposed construction joint lay-out.

IV. CONCRETE PROTECTION FOR REINFORCEMENT

The following minimum concrete cover shall be provided for reinforcement:

Minimum concrete cover

a. Concrete cast against and permanently expose to earth 75 mm

b. Concrete exposed to weather 50 mm

c. Concrete not exposed to weather 40 mm

V.STEEL REINFORCEMENT
All reinforcing steel bars to be used shall be deformed, new, free from rust, oil, detects, grease and kinks. They shall
conform to the latest revision of ASTM A615 “SPECIFICATIONS FOR BILLET-STEEL BARS FOR CONCRETE
REINFORCEMENT” for intermediate grade steel. Deformed bars shall conform to ASTM A305 “SPECIFICATIONS
FOR MINIMUM REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEFORMATIONS OF DEFORMED STEEL BARS FOR CONCRETE
REINFORCEMENT.” All reinforcing steel bars used shall be GRADE 60, fy = 415 MPa (60 ksi) for RSB larger than
12mm Ø and GRADE 40, fy=275 MPa (40 ksi) for RSB 12mmØ and smaller bar diameter.

Metal accessories include all spacers, chairs, bolsters, ties and other devices for proper placing spacing, supporting
and fastening reinforcement in place. Where legs or other parts of metal accessories will be exposed in the finished
concrete surfaces, they shall plastic coated.

Accessories shall conform to the requirement of the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI) “Manual of Standard
Practice for Reinforced Concrete Construction.” Chairs and other accessories fabricated from concrete, ceramic or
plastic may be used in place of metal accessories when approved.

Steel reinforcement shall be provided as indicated, together with all necessary wire ties, chairs, spacers, supports
and other devices necessary to install and secure the reinforcement properly. Main reinforcement shall be wire tied at
all intersections; wire tie temperature reinforcement to main reinforcement at approximately 450 mm on center. All
steel reinforcements, when placed, shall be free from loose, flaky rust and scale oil, grease, clay, and other foreign
substances that would reduce or destroy its bond with concrete. Reinforcement shall be placed accurately and
secured in place by use of approved metal/concrete support, spacers and ties.

Bars shall be placed to the following tolerances:

Concrete cover to formed surface 6 mm

Minimum spacing between bar 6 mm

Top bars in slabs and beams:

 Members 200 mm deep or less 6 mm

 Members more than 200 mm deep 12 mm

 Members more than 600 mm deep 20 mm

Crosswise of members: Spaced evenly within 50 mm

Bars may be moved as necessary to avoid interference with other reinforcing steel, conduits or embedded
items. If bars are moved more than one bar diameter or enough to exceed the foregoing tolerance, the arrangement
shall be subject to approval of the designer.

Unless otherwise indicated, the details of reinforcing steel, including bending and splicing, shall conform to
American Concrete Institute (ACI) 315 and 318 latest edition.

Shop detail and placing drawing for reinforcing steel shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to
implementation.
 VI. NOTES ON CONCRETE BEAMS AND GIRDERS

 If there are two or more layers of reinforcing steel bars, with the bars not bundled, use 25 mm separator at
about 900 mm apart. In no case shall there be less than two separators between layers of bars.
 Bars may be bundled in twos, threes, fours as indicated on drawings. Such bars shall be securely wired
together to prevent them from separating.
 When a beam crosses a girder, rest beam bars on top of girder bars.
 Generally no splice shall be permitted at points where critical bending stress occurs. Welded splices shall
develop in tension at least 125% of the specified yield strength of the bars, not more than 50% of the bars at
any section shall be allowed to be spliced therein. Construction joints shall be at the middle third of the span.
Splices shall securely wired together and shall lap or extend a minimum of 40 bar diameters unless
otherwise shown on plan.
 Unless otherwise noted on plans, camber all beams and girders at least 6 mm in every 4.8 meters of span.
Except cantilever for which camber shall be as noted in plans or as ordered by the engineer but in no case
be less than 20 mm in every 3.0 meters of free span.
 If beam reinforcing bars end in a wall, the clear distance from the bar to the farther face of the wall to be not
less than 4 times bar diameter.
 Provide close stirrups spaced at a maximum of 100 mm on center within lap splice length.
 Reinforcing steel bolts and other insert shall be properly secured in place before pouring concrete. Bar
placement and support shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the CRSI.

VIII. NOTES ON CONCRETE COLUMNS

 For all tied columns, provide extra 4 sets of close ties at 100 mm on center for column reinforcement just
above the floor, just below the girder and at construction joints.
 Vertical bars of column shall have a 90 degree bend and anchored at the supporting footing or other
supporting member.
 Splices of vertical bars shall be staggered as much as possible, preferably located at the middle half of the
column height. No vertical bars shall be spliced at any end.
 In crimping of offsetting bars, the angle of bend shall not be more than one horizontal to six vertical ( 1: 6).
Extra hoops shall be provided through out the off set region spaced at 100 mm on center.
 Hoops and spiral shall be provided for the vertical bars of the column within the depth of the beams and/or
girders at the intersection with the column and spaced not more than 100 mm on centers.

1. NOTES ON FOOTINGS

 Footing shall rest at least 2.00 m below natural grade line. NO FOOTING SHALL REST ON FILL.
 X. NOTES ON CONCRETE MASONRY WALLS

 Concrete Hollow Block units shall be of Type I (load bearing type) for all walls that carry superimposed
loads, and Type II (non-load bearing type) for all walls that do not have to carry superimposed deadloads.
 Provide a solid band of concrete at the top of a CHB wall that has no upper support. This solid band shall
have a width equal to the thickness of the wall, and a depth of at least 200 mm, reinforced longitudinally as
follows:

Thickness of CHB Reinforcements

100 mm thk. 2 of 12 mm dia. with 10 mm dia. stirrup space @ 300 mm o.c.

150 mm thk. 4 of 12 mm dia. with 10 mm dia. stirrup space @ 300 mm o.c.

 Unless otherwise specified in plans, provide minimum horizontal and vertical reinforcement for CHB as
follows:

Thickness of CHB Reinforcements

100 mm thk. 10 mm dia. space @ 600 mm both ways.

150 mm thk. 12 mm dia. space @ 600 mm both ways.

Proposed Three-Storey Residence / Ms.Jeanette Espineli /Manila