Name: _________________________________________ Situation II: The 2.

uation II: The 2.5 m high drum of oil is completely filled Situation IV: A trapezoidal plate with bottom base and
Crush: _________________________________________ and is placed on a platform. The drum is capped at point altitude of 320 mm and 360 mm, respectively, supports
C as shown below. The density of the oil is 893 kg/m3. water and mercury on one side reaching the top of the
EXAM IN FLUID MECHANICS plate. The angle of inclination of the slant side to the
horizontal is 75o. The water-mercury interface is 28 cm
Direction: Write the letter of your answer besides every below the top. Steel rods are used to support the
number. Do not round off in between solutions. trapezoidal plate. These rods are placed on the four
corners and are place perpendicular to the place of the
Situation I: The 175 cm wide gate holds liquids whose plate. The specific gravity of mercury is 13.55. Assuming
specific gravity is 0.95. It is hinged at point A. The force F that the two liquids do not mix:
at a distance of 20 m from the y-axis holds the gate in the
position shown. The gate weighs 500 N/m2. 17. Calculate the total hydrostatic force on the plate.
a. 1106 N c. 553 N
b. 283 N d. 783 N
6. If the platform is rotated at an angular speed of 15 11. Calculate the factor of safety against overturning
rad/s, determine the pressure that the oil will exert on a. 1.50 c. 2.20 18. Calculate the force resisted by each of the upper steel
the cap. b. 2.63 d. 1.36 rods.
a. 16 kPa c. 18 kPa a. 187 N c. 28 N
b. 10 kPa d. 9 kPa 12. Calculate the factor of safety against sliding. b. 322 N d. 73 N
a. 1.50 c. 2.20
7. Calculate the fastest permissible rotation of the b. 2.63 d. 1.36 19. Calculate the force resisted by each of the lower steel
platform if the maximum pressure that the cap can rods.
sustain before it open is 50 kPa. 13. Calculate the stress at the heel. a. 43 N c. 207 N
a. 33.3 rad/s c. 26.5 rad/s a. 311.00 c. 83.50 kPa b. 113 N d. 480 N
b. 35.3 rad/s d. 25.0 rad/s b. 300.11 kPa d. 85.30 kPa
1 .Which of the following most nearly gives the horizontal Situation V: A thin platinum wire ring having a radius of
component of the hydrostatic force acting on the gate? 8. Calculate the force exerted by the oil on top of the 14. Calculate the stress at the toe. 20mm is resting on a water surface. The surface tension
a. 294 kN c. 1413 kN drum as the platform rotates 15 rad/s. a. 311.00 c. 83.50 kPa of water is 0.0727 N/m.
b. 309 kN d. 1342 kN a. 9.05 kN c. 4.04 kN b. 300.11 kPa d. 85.30 kPa
b. 2.27 kN d. 8.08 kN 20. Calculate the mass of the ring.
2. Which of the following most nearly gives the 15. The bulk modulus of elasticity for water is 2250 MPa. a. 1.86 g c. 9.14 g
hydrostatic force acting on the gate? 9. Calculate the force at the bottom of the drum as the Which of the following most nearly gives the required b. 0.93 g d. 18.27 g
a. 587 kN c. 656 kN platform rotates 15 rad/s. pressure change in order to reduce the volume by 0.75%?
b. 618 kN d. 490 kN a. 20.06 kN c. 21.37 kN + and – means increase and decrease in pressure, 21. If the ring is then to be pulled free from the surface as
b. 19.09 kN d. 15.05 kN respectively. shown, calculate the necessary force F.
3. Which of the following most nearly gives the weight of a. -16.88 MPa c. +5.625 MPa
the gate? Situation III: A concrete dam retaining water is shown. b. +16.88 MPa d. -5.625 MPa
a. 18 kN c. 20 kN The specific weight of concrete and water is 23.5 kN/m3
b. 17 kN d. 19 kN and 9.79 kN/m3 respectively. Assume there is a 16. Given that the specific weight at the ocean surface is
hydrostatic uplift that varies uniformly from full 10.05 kN/m3 and the average bulk modulus of elasticity is
4. Calculate the required value of force F. hydrostatic head at the heel to zero at the toe and that 2.34 GPa, calculate the change in specific volume
a. 197 kN c. 294 kN the coefficient of friction between the dam and the between the surface and at a point below the ocean’s
b. 188 kN d. 168 kN foundation soil is 0.45. surface where the pressure is 63.95 kPa. Assume that the
bulk modulus of elasticity is valid for that pressure range.
5. Calculate the reaction at A. 10. Calculate the weight of the dam. a. 1990.08 mm3/kN c. 995.02 mm3/kN
a. 511 kN c. 504 kN a. 3272.43 kN c. 2891.07 kN b. 1990.02 mm3/kN d. 2719.31 mm3/kN a. 18.25 mN c. 179.33 mN
b. 489 kN d. 387 kN b. 3595.50 kN d. 3672.00 kN b. 36.54 mN d. 358.46 mN
Situation VI: The 3m wide plate DEF is hinged at point D 25. Calculate the required viscosity of the liquid so that 30. Calculate the truck’s acceleration that will cause the concrete is taut, the normal force on the concrete block is
and rests on a smooth surface at F. It supports seawater the piston will slide at a constant speed of 1 m/s. water surface to just reach the top of the cylindrical 2509.725 N. Concrete weighs 2400 kg/m3. Neglect
on one side. The specific gravity of the seawater is 1.03. If a. 3.51 Pa-s c. 0.38 Pa-s container. buoyant force in the chain.
the normal force at F is to be zero. b. 0.76 Pa-s d. 1.76 Pa-s a. 0.82 m/s2 c. 1.64 m/s2
b. 4.91 m/s2 d. 1.13 m/s2 36. What is the tension in the chain when it is taut?
26. If the piston decelerates at 1.5 m/s2 when its sliding a. 2.75 kN c. 3.90 kN
speed is 6m/s, calculate the required viscosity of the 31. Calculate the maximum hydrostatic force acting in b. 4.16 kN d. 1.39 kN
liquid. one of the circular bases if the water surface reaches the
a. 0.107 Pa-s c. 0.496 Pa-s top of the cylindrical container due to the truck’s 37. What tension is needed to lift the concrete?
b. 0.146 Pa-s d. 0.675 Pa-s acceleration. a. 2.75 kN c. 3.90 kN
a. 78 kN c. 60 kN b. 4.16 kN d. 1.39 kN
27. If the piston accelerates at 1.5 m/s2 when its sliding b. 104 kN d. 94 kN
speed is 6m/s, calculate the required viscosity of the 38. What rise in water level is needed to lift the concrete?
liquid. 32. Calculate the minimum hydrostatic force acting in one a. 9.86 cm c. 4.73 cm
a. 0.107 Pa-s c. 0.496 Pa-s of the circular bases if the water surface reaches the top b. 17.77 cm d. 24.86 cm
22. Calculate the horizontal component of the reaction at b. 0.146 Pa-s d. 0.675 Pa-s of the cylindrical container due to the truck’s
point D. acceleration. Situation XI. The right triangular plate is immersed as
a. 742.67 kN c. 240.35 kN 28. A rectangular plate is submerged in seawater a. 78 kN c. 86 kN shown in a liquid whose specific gravity is 1.25.
b. 721.04 kN d. 247.56 kN (sg=1.025) with its upper edge 3m above from the liquid b. 43 kN d. 31 kN
surface. Find the minimum height of the plate if the
23. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on FE. eccentricity of the hydrostatic force is limited to 1/7 m. Situation IX. A 15 m high vertical wall separates seawater
a. 1286.34 kN c. 782.33 kN a. 5.68 m c. 1.88 m (sg= 1.03) from freshwater. The wall is placed on a
b. 806.32 kN d. 1248.87 kN b. 2.74 m d. 5.54 m support that cannot be subjected to horizontal forces.

24. Calculate the required value of angle θ. 29. If the water which just fills a hemispherical bowl of 33. Calculate the net hydrostatic force acting on the wall
a. 35.66o c. 32.08o 1m radius be made to rotate uniformly about the vertical if the depth of seawater at one side of the wall is 13 m
b. 35.26o d. 32.85o axis of the bowl at the rate of 30 rpm, how much will while the other is full of freshwater up to the top of the
overflow? wall.
Situation VII: A 95-kg cylindrical piston slides down in a a. 1.58 m3 c. 1.30 m3 a. 248.98 kN c. 283.20 kN
lubricated pipe with a clearance of 50 μm of liquid. The b. 0.79 m3 d. 0.51 m3 b. 34.21 kN d. 308.89 kN
piston has a height and diameter of 15 cm and 13 cm.
Situation VIII: A water tank truck with a closed cylindrical 34. If a cable whose tensile capacity is 60 MPa is used to
container 1.5 m in radius and 6m long is to accelerate balance the hydrostatic forces in the previous problem,
along its length. Initially, the cylindrical container is filled which of the following most nearly gives its required 39. Which of the following most nearly give the
with water to a depth of 2.5 m. cross-sectional area? hydrostatic force acting on side of the plate?
a. 4720 mm2 c. 4150 mm2 a. 552 kN c. 337 kN
b. 571 mm2 d. 5149 mm2 b.674 kN d. 441 kN

35. If the seawater’s depth is 7m, calculate the required 40. How far is the center of pressure from the liquid
depth of the freshwater to maintain the wall’s surface?
equilibrium state. a. 0.92 m c. 2.08 m
a. 8.886 m c. 7.108 m b. 6.08 m d. 3.39 m
b. 8.314 m d. 7.072 m
41. How far is the center of pressure from the lower right
Situation X. A cubical float 1.2 m on a side, weighs 182 kg vertex?
and is anchored by means of a concrete block which a. 1.94 m c. 2.08 m
weighs 682 kg in air. When the chain connected to the b. 1.74 m d. 3.39 m
Situation XII: A solid cylindrical pine spar buoy whose 46. Calculate the velocity at a distance 0.65 m above the Situation XV: The tube is partially filled with water as 58. A wooden spherical ball (sg =0.42) with a diameter of
specific gravity is 0.53 has a cylindrical lead attached at its ground surface. shown. Calculate the pressure at point C if the tube is 30 cm is dropped from a height of 4.2 m above the
bottom as shown. The buoy will be partially submerged in a. 266.5 mm/s c. 78.0 mm/s rotated about the axis as shown at an: surface of water (measured from the ball’s centroid) at
a liquid whose specific gravity is 1.83. The specific gravity b. 50.7 mm/s d. 155.9 mm/s the deep end of a swimming pool. If the ball barely
of the lead is 11.32. touched the bottom of the pool before it began to float,
47. Calculate the shear stress at a point where the how deep is the swimming pool at that point? Neglect
velocity gradient is maximum. drag force.
a. 0.183 Pa c. 0.063 Pa a. 3.04 m c. 2.94 m
b. 0 Pa d. 0.257 Pa b. 3.19 m d. 3.30 m

48. Calculate the required force to move a square plate

with side 1.5 m at constant velocity of 7 mm/s along the 59. An iceberg having a specific gravity of 0.89 floats in
viscous fluid. The plate is moved as near as possible to the saltwater having a specific gravity of 1.033. If the volume
boundary surface. of ice above the water surface is 1000 m3, what is the
a. 0.41 N c. 0.26 N total volume of the iceberg?
b. 1.16 N d. 1.42 N a. 9363.64 m3 c. 1160.67 m3
52. Angular speed of w = 6 rad/s b. 7223.28 m3 d. 1119.57 m3
Situation XIV: The diameter of the U-tube shown is 13 a. -6.5 kPa c. -3.5 kPa
mm. Initially, it contains liquid H whose specific gravity is b. 6.5 kPa d. 2.9 kPa 60. A 24 m high trapezoidal masonry dam (s=2.4) with
3.5. Fifteen milliliters of liquid K (sg = 1.2) is poured in the one face vertical has a crest width of 2m and a horizontal
42. At what distance from the lead’s bottom is the center left leg of the U-tube. Assume that the liquids will not mix 53. Angular speed of w = 9 rad/s base of 12m. What is the depth of water on the vertical
of gravity of the whole buoy? and that the U-tube is large enough to avoid spilling of a. 11.6 kPa c. 2.9 kPa side if the resultant pressure intersects the base at the
a. 1.82 m c. 1.33 m any liquids. b. -11.6 kPa d. 14.6 kPa outer edge of the middle third?
b. 2.63 m d. 1.39 m a. 21.14 m c. 6.13 m
54. Angular speed of w = 12 rad/s b. 11.96 m d. 13.6 m
43. How deep will the buoy be submerged in order to a. 25.9 kPa c. 2.9 kPa
attain equilibrium? b. -23.0 kPa d. 25.9 kPa 61. The identical large plates are separated by thin layers
a. 1.50 m c. 2.99 m of liquid as shown. Their respective specific gravities and
b. 1.63 m d. 1.69 m Situation XVI: The 3m high diving bell has the shape of dynamic viscosities are shown below. The bottom plate is
frustum of cone with a closed flat top of 3m diameter and moving to the right at 2.5 m/s. At what speed and in what
44. Calculate the initial metacentric height right after the open bottom of 4m diameter. It is lowered in an upright direction must the top plate be moved to hold the center
buoy is in equilibrium position. position from the outside air into saltwater having a plate stationary?
a. 1102.88 mm c. 114.62 mm weight of 10.5 kN/m3.
b. 117.40 m d. 537.65 mm
49. To what depth will the liquid K be when poured? 56. Compute the volume of air trapped inside the caisson.
45. Determine the value of the stability index right after a. 113 mm c. 224 mm a. 12.47 m 3 c. 21.47 m 3
the buoy is in equilibrium position. b. 244 mm d. 169 mm b. 12.74 m 3 d. 14.27 m 3
a. 1102.88 mm c. 114.62 mm
b. 117.40 m d. 537.65 mm 50. What will be the resulting height of the liquid in the 55. How deep below the water surface is the bottom of
right leg? the caisson when the level has risen 1.50m inside?
Situation XIII. For a certain viscous liquid whose dynamic a. 113 mm c. 224 mm a. 10.50 m c. 14.72 m
viscosity is 0.925 Pa-s, its velocity distribution over a fixed b. 244 mm d. 169 mm b. 11.69 m d. 13.51 m
boundary is given by v = 0.77y2 – y3, where v is the
velocity in m/s at a distance y (meters) above the 51. What will be the resulting height of the liquid in the 57. Compute the gage pressure inside at the bottom of
boundary surface. left leg? the caisson.
a. 113 mm c. 224 mm a. 150.58 kPa c. 251.91 kPa a. 1.47 m/s to the left c. 1.20 m/s to the left
b. 244 mm d. 169 mm b. 154.56 kPa d. 1255.89 kPa b. 1.47 m/s to the right d. 1.20 m/s to the right
Situation XVII: A quarter circle gate shown supports liquid a. 10.72o c. 10.54o Situation XX: It is desired to float in fresh water a wooden I. The horizontal component of the force acting on a curve
whose specific gravity is 1.5. The gate is 2.5 m wide. The b. 79.28o d. 32.85o cone 15 cm in diameter and 25 cm high, with the apex surface is the hydrostatic force acting o the vertical
gate is hinged at point A. Neglect the weight of the gate. downward. If the specific gravity of the cone is 0.60: projection of the curved surface.
Situation XVIII: The 4m long barge weighs 31 kN when II. The vertical component of hydrostatic force acting on a
empty. If the barge is to carry a 275 kN load, determine 72. Compute the draft of the cone. submerged curve surface acts through the center of
its draft in: a. 210.86 mm c. 105.43 mm volume of the fluid directly above the submerged area.
b. 132.83 mm d. 66.42 mm III. The resultant force on a curved surface acts on the
bottom of the curved surface.
73. Compute the distance of metacenter to center of
buoyancy. a. I and II b. II and III
a. 14.23 mm c. 35.86 mm c. I and III d. II
b. 0.89 mm d. 2.24 mm

74. Compute the distance of metacenter to center of

66. Freshwater whose specific gravity is 1.0 gravity.
a. 978 mm c. 841 mm a. 5.34 mm c. 52.01 mm
b. 1037 mm d. 519 mm b. 15.12 mm d. 22.72 mm

67. Saltwater whose specific gravity is 1.03 75. The wooden cone is __________.
62. Determine the vertical component of the hydrostatic a. 504 mm c. 1009 mm a. Stable c. Just Stable
force acting on the gate. b. 521 mm d. 952 mm b. Unstable d. Undeterminable
a. 15 kN c. 39 kN
b. 7 kN d. 18 kN 68. Liquid whose specific gravity is 1.35 76. When a block of ice floating on water in a container
a. 401 mm c. 782 mm melts, what will happen to the level of water in the
63. Determine the magnitude of the force F to prevent b. 391 mm d. 746 mm container?
gate’s rotation about the hinge A. a. It will drop c. It will stay the same
a. 15 kN c. 39 kN Situation XIX: A 3m high open right circular cylinder is b. It will rise d. Drops momentarily then rise
b. 7 kN d. 18 kN filled with oil whose specific gravity is 0.845. It is rotated
about its vertical axis at such speed that half of the 77. Capillary rise of water is
64. Calculate the reaction at A. contained liquid spills out. a. inversely proportional to water density
a. 84 kN c. 74 kN b. inversely proportional to the tube’s diameter
b. 63 kN d. 152 kN 69. Determine the resulting pressure at the bottom c. directly proportional to the surface tension
center of the cylinder. d. all of the above
65. The inclined manometer contains Meriam red a. 14.7 kPa c. 12.4 kPa
manometer oil (sg =0.827). Assuming the reservoir to be b. 0 d. 24.9 kPa 78. What type of fluid is water?
very large, what should the angle θ be if each inch along a. Compressible fluid c. Non-Newtonian fluid
the scale is to represent a change of 0.8 lb/ft2 in gage 70. Find the required angular speed if the radius of the b. Newtonian fluid d. Real fluid
pressure pA. cylinder is 1.25.
a. 8.68 rad/s c. 3.43 rad/s 79. Pressure that is either measured above or below the
b. 6.13 rad/s d. 4.33 rad/s atmospheric pressure.
a. absolute pressure b. gauge pressure
71. If the cylinder is initially ¾ full, determine the required c. vacuum pressure d. peer pressure
angular speed if the radius of the cylinder is 1.25 m.
a. 41.4 rpm c. 63.3 rpm 80. Which of the following statements is/are true for the
b. 67.7 rpm d. 65.5 rpm hydrostatic force exerted by a fluid on a submerged
curved surface?