Review of Related Studies

The studies presented in some way related to the project under study. They

previously published about vehicle overload systems with control and monitoring.

System and Method for Monitoring a Load Condition of a Vehicle

Brown (2013) designed a method for indicating the load condition of a vehicle

(US8412485 B2) where each of the transducers which are mounted on the moveable

suspension components as comprises an inclinometer that measures the angular

displacement of the suspension component. The sensor produces and outputs a signal

corresponding to the measured angular deflection. It is used by a controller to generate a

signal of the vehicle's load condition as related to the suspension component's to the

angular deflection. In placing the angular deviation, a first set threshold values for the

angular deflection experienced by the suspension component is obtained if the angle of

the suspension component is measured while the vehicle is empty and if it is carrying a

full load (the so called tare angle and pressure angle respectively). These measurements

are done on flat ground, and the tires must properly inflate. Once the tare angle and load

angle have been measured the corresponding output signal from or each transducer is fed

into the controller. The controller defines a relationship between the tare weight of the

vehicle and the tare angle. The Same thing is done for the load weight and load angle.

The value of the tare angle is set as the tare threshold or 0% point. The value of the load

angle shall fix as an upper ‘threshold point or 100% point. There is a further lower limit
which is typically set between 60% and 98% and more usually set at 80% of the upper

threshold. Using these set points, the controller can attribute an angular displacement

with a percentage loading. As the vehicle loaded with a load, the controller can monitor

the load condition and an output signal generated when the upper limit reached the given

suspension component. This method can also detect if there is any disturbance during the

monitoring of the load condition whether loading of the vehicle has ceased by detecting

any alteration in the angular displacement of the suspension components by comparing

the average values of the angular displacements at different time intervals. If the vehicle

is loaded, a signal is generated by the controller to indicate that a load condition cannot

be accurately determined.

Source: www.google.com.ph/patents/US8412485

Figure 1: A schematic layout of an embodiment of the present invention

The Design of the Overload and Over Speed Detection System based on GPS,

CDMA, and GIS

Yuan & Li (2013) developed a system for overloading and over speeding

detection based on GPS, CMDA, and GIS. The hardware is composed of S3C2440A
(RISC Microcontroller), JTAG chip, the video interface, audio interface, reset circuit,

power supply circuit, the LCD touch screen and keyboard. The exterior of hardware is

attached to the memory.

The vehicle load detection device completed by the freight vehicle load automatic

detection and display device, which is composed of the circuit connection of the

weighing sensors, the signal transmitters, the mileage sensors and the pressure detection

displays. The measuring sensors have employed the metal resistance strain sensors which

have symmetrically installed between the rear plate and the rear axle steel prop under the

beams of vehicle rear wheels. The mileage sensors have adapted the photoelectric speed

sensors which have installed in the vehicle transmission. The load detection display has

employed the intelligently automated instrumentation, and the measured signals are sent

to the RS232 (interface of S3C2440A). The terminal of the vehicle can accurately

position the vehicles through the GPS satellite network. Afterwards, it will access the

Internet through the CDMA wireless network, and then the terminal will be linked to the

monitoring center servers. The speed, time and other GPS data information of vehicles

will be real-time and transmitted to the control center, and the detection center can real-

timely monitor the running state of vehicles. The GPS module is the key to achieve the

precise positioning, which has considered as the core in the design of terminals.
 Source:

Figure 2: The hardware structure of the terminal

A Mobile Vehicle Weight Sensor and its Application in Transportation

Safdar (2015) designed a method using a weight sensor (20 kilograms) connected

to the vehicle's base from one side and the spring valid for 20 kg from the other side. The

other end of spring is placed on the vehicle's flat spring. As the weight of the vehicle

increases, the spring jammed, and it produces a power towards the sensor and output

resistance changes. The pivot in the device turns the sensor resistance into a voltage in a

way that the pivot shows one voltage if there is no load on chassise maximum weight on

the chassis. This voltage is set on the AVL, and it sends to the central computer via a

wireless communication network to the central server. The weight is estimated through
central server according to a calibration chart.

Source: www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Figure 3: Central computer receives the data from the AVL system

Vehicle Overload Alarming Device

Dai, Yin, Xu & Yu (2012) invented a device (CN202329775 U) for an overloaded

vehicle particularly a pair past highways, bridges and other vehicles in a real-time load

test alarm device. The method used the following: charge conversion and amplification

circuit, piezoelectric-ceramics sensors, the control circuit, and a signal alarm. PZT

sensor's output is connected to the output the charge amplifier circuit and then attached to

the control circuit. Ua and Ub of the control circuit linked to an external power supply,

the judgment control circuit connected to the alarm, and the PZT sensors arranged at an

entrance of an expressway or a major bridge in an array way. The vehicle overload

alarming device, charge signals output by the PZT sensors are converted into voltage

signals using the charge conversion and amplification circuit and then are transmitted to
the control circuit to be analyzed. The control circuit outputs a high level, and the alarm

gives out a vehicle overload signal or alarm. The vehicle overload alarming device is

simple in structure, less in energy consumption, low in cost, convenient to use and simple

to maintain, and can adjust rated tonnage repeatedly.

Source: www.google.com.ph/patents/CN202329775U

Figure 4: A utility model of charge transfer in an enlarged diagram illustrating a circuit

Automobile Overload Prevention Device

 Ma (2014) invented a device (CN203580652 U) for an automobile which includes

a protective resistor, an electromagnet. The technical mechanism includes the spring

switch which is closed when a vehicle is not overloaded therefore the motor engine can

typically run. The protective resistor and the piezo resistor with set ranges, electricity

through the electromagnet is minimum and free of affection on the spring switch. The

piezo resistor is affected by pressure outside the set intervals. A resistance of the piezo

resistor decreases as the electric current through the electromagnet increases with

magnetism.

Source: www.google.com.ph/patents/CN203580652U

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of a proof of the utility of new cars overload device