concrete = 3 x 400,000 = 1,025,500 28%

reinforcement = 356 x 7,500 = 2,673,665 72%

Rp 3,699,165 ,- /m'

reinforcement = 139.05 kg/m3-concrete

15.00
14.00
13.00
12.00
11.00
10.00
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
0. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 0.00 0.00
2 0.00 0.25
3 0.60 0.75
4 0.70 3.00
5 1.00 3.00
6 1.60 0.75
7 3.35 0.25
8 3.35 0.00
9 0.00 0.00

1 0.00 0.50
2 0.60 0.50

1 0.60 0.00
2 3.35 0.00

1 0.00 0.00
2 0.60 0.00
 Location :

Top wall level = 2.80 m

Turap River bed level = 0.00 m
Ground water level = 0.00 m
q (t/m2) b11 b12 b13 River water level = 0.00 m
Foundation level = 0.00 m

Dimension (unit length)

H = 3.00 m B = 3.35 m L = 1.00 m
a
b11 = 0.50 m b12 = 0.30 m b13 = 0.10 m
H=h1
b21 = 1.85 m b22 = 0.90 m b23 = 0.60 m

h1 = 3.00 m h31 = 0.25 m h32 = 0.50 m

h4 = 0.50 m hw1 = 0.00 m hw2 = 0.00 m
hw1
h32
hw2
q = 0.50 t/m2 Kh = 0.18
h4
h31 Backfill soil gc = 2.40 t/m3 gw = 1.00 t/m3
g soil = 1.60 t/m3
b21 b22 b23 g sat = 2.00 t/m3 a = 0.00 o
(for stability analysis)
B
f = 20.0 o a = 12.53 o
(for structural analysis)
c = 0.00 t/m2 b = 0.00 o

Section of Retaining wall Foundation soil

g s' = 1.00 t/m3 Safety factor (normal) (seismic)
fB = 20.0 o Overturning |e| < B/6=0.50 B/3=1.12
cB = 0.00 t/m2 Sliding fs > 1.50 1.25
Friction coefficient Reaction of foundation soil
m = 0.50 qmax > qa=qu/2 qae=qu/2
Uplift coefficient Allowable stress
Um = 1.00 Compressive s ca = 60 90 kg/cm2
Cover of bar Tensile s sa = 1850 2775 kg/cm2
Wall Shear t a = 5.5 8.25 kg/cm2
d back = 5 cm Young's modulus ratio
d front = 5 cm 24 16
Footing
d upper = 5 cm
d lower = 5 cm

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 Stressing of Reinforcement and Concrete
Name of Structure : Turap
Location : 0
Normal Condition Allowable compressive stress (s ca) = 60 kg/cm2
Allowable tensile stress (s sa) = 1850 kg/cm2
Allowable shearing stress (t a) = 5.5 kg/cm2
Young's modulus ratio = 24
Item Section A-A Section B-B Section C-C Section D-D
b (cm) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
A A
h (cm) 96.7 90.0 30.0 30.0
D C d1 (cm) 5.0 back 5.0 back 5.0 lower 5.0 upper
B B d2 (cm) 5.0 front 5.0 front 5.0 upper 5.0 lower
d (cm) 91.7 85.0 25.0 25.0
M (ton m) 3 3 1 2
S (ton) 3 3 3 1
D C
Bar size and spacing (mm)
Bar (As1) D 25 - 200 D 25 - 100 D 16 - 250 D 25 - 100
Section of Retaining wall Bar (As2) D 16 - 250 D 16 - 125 D 16 - 250 D 16 - 250
Stress sc 3 OK! 3 OK! 9 OK! 11 OK!
Stress ss 168 OK! 94 OK! 470 OK! 164 OK!
Stress t 0.38 OK! 0.41 OK! 1.11 OK! 0.60 OK!

Seismic Condition Allowable compressive stress (s ca) = 90 kg/cm2

Allowable tensile stress (s sa) = 2775 kg/cm2
Allowable shearing stress (t a) = 8.25 kg/cm2
Young's modulus ratio = 16

Item Section A-A Section B-B Section C-C Section D-D

b (cm) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
A A
h (cm) 96.7 90.0 30.0 30.0
D C d1 (cm) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
B B d2 (cm) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
d (cm) 91.7 85.0 25.0 25.0
M (ton m) 4 5 1 2
S (ton) 5 5 3 2
D C
Bar size and spacing (mm)
Bar (As1) D 25 - 200 D 25 - 100 D 16 - 250 D 25 - 100
Section of Retaining wall Bar (As2) D 16 - 250 D 16 - 125 D 16 - 250 D 16 - 250
Stress sc 4 OK! 4 OK! 12 OK! 15 OK!
Stress ss 209 OK! 124 OK! 493 OK! 207 OK!
Stress t 0.50 OK! 0.58 OK! 1.18 OK! 0.74 OK!

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 STABILITY
S
: Turap

Normal Condition Seismic Condition

a) Stability against overturning a) Stability against overturning

|e| = 0.09 m < B/6 = 0.56 m OK! |e| = 0.15 m < B/3 = 1.12 m OK!

b) Stability against sliding b) Stability against sliding

Fs = 1.91 > 1.50 OK! Fs = 1.42 > 1.25 OK!

c) Reaction of foundation soil c) Reaction of foundation soil

q1 = 5.37 t/m2 < qa = 5.81 t/m2 OK! q1 = 5.79 t/m2 < qae = 5.81 t/m2 OK!
q2 = 4.47 t/m2 < qa = 5.81 t/m2 OK! q2 = 3.36 t/m2 < qae = 5.81 t/m2 OK!

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1. Design Data
1.1 Dimensions q (t/m2)
b11 b12 b13

B = 3.35 m H = 3.00 m
L = 1.00 m (unit length)

b11 = 0.50 m b21 = 1.85 m

b12 = 0.30 m b22 = 0.90 m
H=h1
b13 = 0.10 m b23 = 0.60 m

h1 = 3.00 m h4 = 0.50 m
h31 = 0.25 m hw1 = 0.00 m hw1
h32 = 0.05 m hw2 = 0.00 m
h32 hw2
h4
1.2 Parameters h31

q = 0.50 t/m2 (for normal condition) b21 b22 b23

= 0.00 t/m2 (for seismic condition) Section of Retaining Wall
gc = 2.40 t/m3 B

gw = 1.00 t/m3
Backfill soil Foundation soil Safety factor
gsoil = 1.60 t/m3 gs ' = 1.00 t/m3 (=gsat-gw) Overturning
gsat = 2.00 t/m 3 cB = 0.00 t/m 2
normal |e|<B/6=0.56m
c = 0.00 t/m2 fB = 20.00 o
seismic |e|<B/3=1.12m
f = 20.00 o
m = 0.50 (Friction coefficient) Sliding
Um = 1.00 (Uplift coefficient) normal fs > 1.50
b = 0.000 o
seismic fs > 1.25
a = 0.000 o
(for stability analysis) Reaction of foundation soil
= 12.529 o
(for structural analysis) normal qmax<qa
d = 0.000 o
(for stability analysis in normal condition, d = b) qa=qu/2
= 13.33 o
(for structural analysis in normal condition, d = 2/3 f) seismic qmax<qae
= 16.91 o
(for stability analysis in seismic condition, see Section 2.3) qae=qu/2
= 10.00 o
(for structural analysis in seismic condition, d = 1/2 f)
F = 10.204 o
( = Arc tan(Kh) ) Kh = 0.18

2. Stability Calculation
2.1 Case 1 (Normal condition, with vertical live load)
0.50
q = 0.50 t/m2 0.30
0.10

qa1
9

Pa1

Pa2 10 7
3.00 2.70

qa2 11
8
0.05
Pa3 6
0.00 12 4 5
Pw1 Pa4
0.50 0.00
1 2 3 Pp1 0.25 Pw2

Pu1
qw1 qa4 qa3 O qp1 qw2
qu2 Pu2
qu1
1.85 0.90 0.60

Acting Load in Case 1

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(1) Vertical Load

No. Description W X WxX

1 0.25 x 1.85 x 2.40 1.110 2.425 2.69
2 0.30 x 0.90 x 2.40 0.648 1.050 0.68
3 0.25 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.11
4 0.50 x 0.05 x 1.85 x 2.40 0.111 2.117 0.23
5 0.50 x 0.05 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.036 0.200 0.01
6 0.50 x 2.70 x 0.50 x 2.40 1.620 1.333 2.16
7 2.70 x 0.30 x 2.40 1.944 0.850 1.65
8 0.50 x 2.70 x 0.10 x 2.40 0.324 0.667 0.22
9 0.50 x 2.70 x 0.50 x 1.60 1.080 1.333 1.44
10 1.85 x 2.70 x 1.60 7.992 2.425 19.38
11 1.85 x 0.00 x 1.60 0.000 2.425 0.00
12 0.50 x 1.85 x 0.05 x 2.00 0.093 2.733 0.25
q 0.50 x 2.35 1.175 2.175 2.56
T o t a l(1 to q) 16.493 31.38
Pu1 0.00 x 3.35 x 0.50 x -1.00 0.000 2.233 0.00
Pu2 0.00 x 3.35 x 0.50 x -1.00 0.000 1.117 0.00
Total ( 1 to Pu2) 16.493 31.38

(2) Horizontal Load

Coefficient of Active earth pressure

Cos2(f -a)
Ka =
Sin(f+d) x Sinf 2
Cos2a x Cos(a+d) x 1+
Cos(a+d) x Cosa
(for stability analysis)
a = 0.000 o
d = 0.000 o

Cos (f -a)
2
= 0.883 Sin(f+d) = 0.342
Cos2a = 1.000 Sinf = 0.342
Cos(a+d) = 1.000 Cosa = 1.000

Ka = 0.490 for stability analysis

(for structural analysis)

a = 12.529 o
d = 13.333 o

Cos2(f -a) = 0.983 Sin(f+d) = 0.550

Cos a
2
= 0.953 Sinf = 0.342
Cos(a+d) = 0.900 Cosa = 0.976

Ka' = 0.536 for structural analysis

Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

Cos2(f+a)
Kp =
Sin(f+d) x Sinf 2
Cos2a x Cos(a -d) x 1-
Cos(a -d) x Cosa
a = 0.000 o
d = 0.000 o

Cos (f+a)
2
= 0.883 Sin(f+d) = 0.342
Cos2a = 1.000 Sinf = 0.342
Cos(a -d) = 1.000 Cosa = 1.000

Kp = 2.039

qa1 = Ka x q = 0.245 ton/m

qa2 = Ka x (h1- hw1) x gsoil = 2.353 ton/m
qa3 = qa1 + qa2 = 2.599 ton/m
qa4 = Ka x hw1 x (gsat - gw) = 0.000 ton/m
qw 1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw 2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qp1 = Kp x h4 x (gsat - gw) = 1.020 ton/m
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No. Description H Y HxY

Pa1 0.245 x 3.00 0.735 1.500 1.10
Pa2 2.353 x 3.00 x 0.50 3.530 1.000 3.53
Pa3 2.599 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pa4 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pw1 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pw2 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pp1 -1.020 x 0.50 x 0.50 -0.255 0.167 -0.04
Total 4.011 4.59

(3) Stability Calculation

a) Stability against overturning

a) -1 Without Uplift
B = 3.35 m

SWxX-SHxY 31.38 - 4.59

X = = = 1.624 m
SW 16.493

B 3.35
e = - X = - 1.624 = 0.051 m < B/6 = 0.558 m OK !
2 2
a) -2 With Uplift
B = 3.35 m

SWxX-SHxY 31.38 - 4.59

X = = = 1.624 m
SW 16.493

B 3.35
e = - X = - 1.624 = 0.051 m < B/6 = 0.558 m OK !
2 2

b) Stability against sliding

b)-1 Without Uplift
Sliding force : SH = 4.011 ton
Resistance : HR = m x S W = 0.50 x 16.493 = 8.247 ton
(friction coefficient : m = 0.50 )

HR 8.247
Fs = = = 2.056 > 1.50 OK !
SH 4.011
b)-2 With Uplift
Sliding force : SH = 4.011 ton
Resistance : HR = m x S W = 0.50 x 16.493 = 8.247 ton
(friction coefficient : m = 0.5 )

HR 8.247
Fs = = = 2.056 > 1.50 OK !
SH 4.011

c) Reaction of foundation soil

SW 6xe
q1,2 = x (1 + )
B B

16.493 6x 0.051
q1 = x (1 + ) = 5.373 t/m2 < qa = 5.811 t/m2 OK !
3.35 3.35

16.493 6x 0.051
q2 = x (1 - ) = 4.474 t/m2 < qa = 5.811 t/m2 OK !
3.35 3.35
Reaction of Foundation Soil in Case 1

4.474 t/m2 - t/m2

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5.373 t/m 2
- t/m 2

in case, e > 0 in case, e < 0

(applicable) (not applicable)

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2.2 Case 2 (Normal condition, without vertical live load)
0.50
q = 0.50 t/m2 0.30
0.10

qa1
9

Pa1

Pa2 10 7
3.00 2.70

qa2 11
8
0.05
Pa3 6
0.00 12 5
Pw1 Pa4 4
0.50 0.00
1 2 3 Pp1 0.25 Pw2

qa4 qa3 Pu1 O qp1 qw2

qw1 Pu2
qu1 qu2
1.85 0.90 0.60
Acting Load in Case 2

(1) Vertical Load

No. Description W X WxX

1 0.25 x 1.85 x 2.40 1.110 2.425 2.69
2 0.30 x 0.90 x 2.40 0.648 1.050 0.68
3 0.25 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.11
4 0.50 x 0.05 x 1.85 x 2.40 0.111 2.117 0.23
5 0.50 x 0.05 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.036 0.200 0.01
6 0.50 x 2.70 x 0.50 x 2.40 1.620 1.333 2.16
7 2.70 x 0.30 x 2.40 1.944 0.850 1.65
8 0.50 x 2.70 x 0.10 x 2.40 0.324 0.667 0.22
9 0.50 x 2.70 x 0.50 x 1.60 1.080 1.333 1.44
10 1.85 x 2.70 x 1.60 7.992 2.425 19.38
11 1.85 x 0.00 x 1.60 0.000 2.425 0.00
12 0.50 x 1.85 x 0.05 x 2.00 0.093 2.733 0.25
T o t a l (1 to 12) 15.318 28.82
Pu1 0.00 x 3.35 x 0.50 x -1.00 0.000 2.233 0.00
Pu2 0.00 x 3.35 x 0.50 x -1.00 0.000 1.117 0.00
Total ( 1 to Pu2) 15.318 28.82

(2) Horizontal Load

Coefficient of Active earth pressure

Ka = 0.490 (for stability analysis)

Ka ' = 0.536 (for structural analysis)

Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

Kp = 2.039
qa1 = Ka x q = 0.245 ton/m
qa2 = Ka x (h1- hw1) x gsoil = 2.353 ton/m
qa3 = qa1 + qa2 = 2.599 ton/m
qa4 = Ka x hw1 x (gsat - gw) = 0.000 ton/m
qw 1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qp1 = Kp x h4 x (gsat - gw) = 1.020 ton/m

No. Description H Y HxY

Pa1 0.245 x 3.00 0.735 1.500 1.10
Pa2 2.353 x 3.00 x 0.50 3.530 1.000 3.53
Pa3 2.599 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pa4 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pw1 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.00

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Pw2 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pp1 -1.020 x 0.50 x 0.50 -0.255 0.167 -0.04
Total 4.011 4.59

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(3) Stability Calculation

a) Stability against overturning

a)-1 Without Uplift
B = 3.35 m

SWxX-SHxY 28.82 - 4.59

X = = = 1.582 m
SW 15.318
B 3.35
e = - X = - 1.582 = 0.093 m < B/6 = 0.558 m OK !
2 2
a)-2 With Uplift
B = 3.35 m

SWxX-SHxY 28.82 - 4.59

X = = = 1.582 m
SW 15.318

B 3.35
e = - X = - 1.582 = 0.093 m < B/6 = 0.558 m OK !
2 2

b) Stability against sliding

b)-1 without Uplift Pressure
Sliding force : SH = 4.011 ton
Resistance : HR = m x S W = 0.50 x 15.318 = 7.659 ton
(friction coefficient : m = 0.5 )

HR 7.659
Fs = = = 1.91 > 1.50 OK !
SH 4.011
b)-2 with Uplift Pressure
Sliding force : SH = 4.011 ton
Resistance : HR = m x S W = 0.50 x 15.318 = 7.659 ton
(friction coefficient : m = 0.5 )

HR 7.659
Fs = = = 1.91 > 1.50 OK !
SH 4.011

c) Reaction of foundation soil

SW 6xe
q1,2 = x (1 + )
B B
15.318 6x 0.093
q1 = x (1 + ) = 5.334 t/m2 < qa = 5.811 t/m2 OK !
3.35 3.35
15.318 6x 0.093
q2 = x (1 - ) = 3.811 t/m2 < qa = 5.811 t/m2 OK !
3.35 3.35

3.811 t/m2 - t/m2

5.334 t/m2 - t/m2

in case, e > 0 in case, e < 0

(applicable) (not applicable)

Reaction of Foundation Soil in Case 2

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2.3 Case 3 (Seismic condition)
0.50
0.30
0.10

10 7
3.00 Pa1 2.70

qa1 11
8
0.05
6
Pa2
0.00 12 4 5
Pw1
Pa3 0.50 0.00
1 2 3 Pp1 0.25 Pw2

Pu1
qw1 qa3 qa2 O qp1 qw2
qu1 qu2 Pu2
1.85 0.90 0.60
Acting Load in Case 3

(1) Vertical Load = Same as Case 2

(2) Horizontal Load

f = 20.00 o
a = 0.000 o
(for stability analysis) F = 10.204 o

b = 0.00 o
a = 12.529 o
(for structural analysis) (F = Arc tan(Kh) )
q = 0.00 t/m2 (for seismic condition) Kh = 0.18

Coefficient of Active earth pressure

Cos2(f-F-a)
Kae =
2
Sin(f+d) x Sin(f-b-F)
CosF x Cos2a x Cos(a+d+F) x 1+
Cos(a+d+F) x Cos(a-b)

(for stability analysis)

a = 0.000 o
d = 16.91 o

tan d = Sin f Sin ( F + D - b )

1 - Sin f Cos ( F + D - b )
sin D= Sin ( F + b )
Sin f

Sin (F+ b ) == 0.177 Sin f = 0.342

Sin D = 0.518 then D = 31.2
Sin(F+D-b) = 0.661 Cos(F+D-b)= 0.750
tan d = 0.304

Cos2(f-F-a)= 0.971 Sin(f+d) = 0.601

CosF = 0.984 Sin(f-b-F) = 0.170
Cos2a = 1.000 Cos(a-b) = 1.000
Cos(a+d+F) = 0.890

Kae = 0.619 (for stability analysis)

(for structural analysis)

a = 12.529 o
d = 10.00 o

Cos (f-F-a)=
2
0.998 Sin(f+d) = 0.500
CosF = 0.984 Sin(f-b-F) = 0.170
Cos a2
= 0.953 Cos(a-b) = 0.976

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Cos(a+d+F)= 0.841

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Kae = 0.724 (for structural analysis)

Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

Cos2(f-F+a)
Kpe =
2
Sin(f-d) x Sin(f+b-F)
CosF x Cos2a x Cos(a+d-F) x 1-
Cos(a+d-F) x Cos(a-b)

a = 0.000 o
d = 16.91 o

Cos (f-F+a)=
2
0.971 Sin(f-d) = 0.054
CosF = 0.984 Sin(f+b-F) = 0.170
Cos2a = 1.000 Cos(a-b) = 1.000
Cos(a+d-F)= 0.993

Kpe = 1.216

qa1 = Kae x ( h1 - hw1) x gsoil = 2.971 ton/m

qa2 = qa2 = 2.971 ton/m
qa3 = Kae x hw1 x (gsat - gw) = 0.000 ton/m
qw 1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw 2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qp1 = Kp x h4 x (gsat - gw) = 0.608 ton/m

No. Description H Y HxY

1 0.18 x 1.11 0.200 0.125 0.02
2 0.18 x 0.65 0.117 0.150 0.02
3 0.18 x 0.36 0.065 0.125 0.01
4 0.18 x 0.11 0.020 0.267 0.01
5 0.18 x 0.04 0.006 0.267 0.00
6 0.18 x 1.62 0.292 1.200 0.35
7 0.18 x 1.94 0.350 1.650 0.58
8 0.18 x 0.32 0.058 1.200 0.07
Pw1 0.50 x 0.00 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pw2 0.50 x 0.00 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pa1 0.50 x 2.97 x 3.00 4.457 1.000 4.46
pa2 2.97 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pa3 0.50 x 0.000 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
Pp1 -0.608 x 0.50 x 0.50 -0.152 0.500 -0.08
Total 5.412 5.44

(3) Stability Calculation

a) Stability against overturning

a)-1 Without Uplift
B = 3.35 m
SWxX-SHxY 28.82 - 5.44
X = = = 1.527 m
SW 15.318
B 3.35
e = - X = - 1.527 = 0.148 m < B/3 = 1.117 m OK !
2 2
a)-2 With Uplift
B = 3.35 m
SWxX-SHxY 28.82 - 5.44
X = = = 1.527 m
SW 15.318
B 3.35
e = - X = - 1.527 = 0.148 m < B/3 = 1.117 m OK !
2 2

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b) Stability against sliding
b)-1 Without Uplift
Sliding force : SH = 5.412 ton
Resistance : HR = m x S W = 0.50 x 15.318 = 7.659 ton
(friction coefficient : m = 0.50 )
HR 7.659
Fs = = = 1.42 > 1.25 OK !
SH 5.412
b)-2 With Uplift
Sliding force : SH = 5.412 ton
Resistance : HR = m x S W = 0.50 x 15.318 = 7.659 ton
(friction coefficient : m = 0.50 )
HR 7.659
Fs = = = 1.42 > 1.25 OK !
SH 5.412
c) Reaction of foundation soil

c-1) in case, |e| < B/6 (applicable)

SW 6xe
q1,2 = x (1 + )
B B
15.318 6x 0.148
q1 = x (1 + ) = 5.785 t/m2 < qae = 5.811 t/m2 OK !
3.35 3.35
15.318 6x 0.148
q2 = x (1 - ) = 3.360 t/m2 < qae = 5.811 t/m2 OK !
3.35 3.35

c-2) in case, B/6 < |e| < B/3 (not applicable)

2xSW
q1' = = = - t/m2 qae = - t/m2
3 x (B/2-|e|)

3.360 t/m2

5.785 t/m2 - t/m2

in case, e > 0 and e < B/6 in case, e > 0 and B/6 < e < B/3
(applicable) (not applicable)

- t/m2

- t/m2 - t/m2
in case, e < 0 and |e| < B/6 in case, e < 0 and B/6 < |e| < B/3
(not applicable) (not applicable)

Reaction of Foundation Soil in Case 3

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2.4 Bearing Capacity of soil

(1) Design Data

fB = 20.00 o cB = 0.00 t/m2 gs' = 1.00 t/m3 (=gsat-gw)

B = 3.35 m z = 0.50 m L = 1.00 m (unit length)

f
(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu) ###
###
Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by applying the following ###
Terzaghi's formula : ###
###
qu = (a x c x Nc) + (gsoil' x z x Nq) + (b x gsoil x B x Ng) ###
###
Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06) ###
a = 1.00 b = 0.50
Shape of footing : 1 (strip)
Shape of footing a b
1 strip 1.00 0.50
2 square 1.30 0.40
3 rectangular, B x L 1.15 0.40
(B < L) (= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(B > L) (= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
4 circular, diameter = B 1.30 0.30

Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc = 17.0 Nq = 7.5 Ng = 4.7
f Nc Nq Ng
0 5.7 0.0 0.0
5 7.0 1.4 0.0
10 9.0 2.7 0.2
15 12.0 4.5 2.3
20 17.0 7.5 4.7
25 24.0 13.0 9.5
30 36.0 23.0 20.0
35 57.0 44.0 41.0
37 70.0 50.0 55.0
39 > 82.0 50.0 73.0

(a x c x Nc) = 0.000
(gsoil x z x Nq) = 3.750
(b x gsoil x B x Ng) = 7.873

qu = 11.623 t/m2

(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa = qu / 2 = 5.811 t/m2 (safety factor = 2 , normal condition)

qae = qu / 2 = 5.811 t/m2 (safety factor = 2 , seismic condition)

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3. Structure Calculation
3.1 Normal Condition

(1) Wall 0.50

q = 0.50 t/m2 0.30
0.10

qa1

Pa1
2.70 Pa2

A A 0.9
qa2
0.00 Pw1 Pa4 Pw2 0.00
Pa3 B B
0.05 qw2
qw1 qa4 qa3
0.25 0.25

1.85 0.90 0.60

Load Diagram on Wall in Normal Condition

Ka = 0.536
a = 12.529 o

d = 13.33 o

cos (a+d) = 0.900

Kha = Ka x cos (a+d) = 0.482

a) Section A - A

h = 2.70 m
K
qa1 = ha x q = 0.241 ton/m
qa2 = Kha x h x gsoil = 2.082 ton/m

No. Description Ha Y (from A-A) Ha x Y

Pa1 0.241 x 2.70 0.651 1.350 0.878
Pa2 2.082 x 2.70 x 0.50 2.811 0.900 2.530
Total 3.462 3.408

Sa = 3.462 ton Ma = 3.408 ton m

b) Section B - B

h = 2.70 m hw1 = 0.00 m hw2 = 0.00 m

K
qa1 = ha x q = 0.241 ton/m
qa2 = Kha x h x gsoil = 2.082 ton/m
qa3 = qa1 + qa2 = 2.323 ton/m
qa4 = Kha x hw2 x (gsat - gw) = 0.000 ton/m
qw1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m

No. Description Hb Y (from B-B) Ha x Y

Pa1 0.241 x 2.70 0.651 1.350 0.878
Pa2 2.082 x 2.70 x 0.50 2.811 0.900 2.530
Pa3 2.323 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pa4 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw1 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw2 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Total 3.462 3.408

Sb = 3.462 ton Mb = 3.408 ton m

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(2) Footing
Case 1 (with vertical live load) Case 2 (without vertical live load)
q = 0.50 t/m2 q = 0.50 t/m2

2.70 2.70
4 4

0.00 0.00
D C D C
0.05 0.05
0.25 0.25
3 1 3 1

D C D C
1.85 0.90 0.60 1.85 0.90 0.60

5
4 4

3 3 1
1

in case, e > 0 in case, e > 0

6 6
0.899 2 2
5.216 4.474 t/m2 3.811 t/m2
4.970 t/m2 4.652 t/m2
5.212 t/m2 5.061 t/m2
5.373 t/m 2
5.334 t/m2

in case, e < 0 in case, e < 0

2 2
6 6

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2 -

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2 -

Load Diagram on Footing in Normal Case

a) Section C - C

Case 1 (with vertical live load)

No. Description Hc X (from C-C) Hc x X
1 0.250 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.108
0.050 x 0.60 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.036 0.200 0.007
2 -5.212 x 0.60 -3.127 0.300 -0.938
-0.161 x 0.60 x 0.50 -0.048 0.400 -0.019
Total -2.779 -0.842

Case 2 (without vertical live load)

No. Description Hc X (from C-C) Hc x X
1 0.250 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.108
0.050 x 0.60 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.036 0.200 0.007
2 -5.061 x 0.60 -3.037 0.300 -0.911
-0.273 x 0.60 x 0.50 -0.082 0.400 -0.033
Total -2.723 -0.829

Case 1 Sc = -2.779 ton Mc = -0.842 ton m

Case 2 Sc = -2.723 ton Mc = -0.829 ton m

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b) Section D - D

Case 1 (with vertical live load)

No. Description Hd X (from D-D) Hd x Y
3 0.250 x 1.85 x 2.40 1.110 0.925 1.027
0.050 x 1.85 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.111 0.617 0.068
4 2.700 x 1.85 x 1.60 7.992 0.925 7.393
0.000 x 1.85 x 2.00 0.000 0.925 0.000
0.050 x 1.85 x 2.00 x 0.50 0.093 1.233 0.114
5 0.500 x 1.85 0.925 0.925 0.856
6 -4.474 x 1.85 -8.277 0.925 -7.656
-0.496 x 1.85 x 0.50 -0.459 0.617 -0.283
Total 1.494 1.518

Case 2 (without vertical live load)

No. Description Hd X (from D-D) Hd x Y
3 0.250 x 1.85 x 2.40 1.110 0.925 1.027
0.050 x 1.85 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.111 0.617 0.068
4 2.700 x 1.85 x 1.60 7.992 0.925 7.393
0.000 x 1.85 x 2.00 0.000 0.925 0.000
0.050 x 1.85 x 2.00 x 0.50 0.093 1.233 0.114
6 -3.811 x 1.85 -7.050 0.925 -6.522
-0.841 x 1.85 x 0.50 -0.778 0.617 -0.480
Total 1.477 1.601

Case 1 Sd = 1.494 ton Md = 1.518 ton m

case 2 Sd = 1.477 ton Md = 1.601 ton m

3.2 Seismic Condition

(1) Wall 0.50

0.30
0.10

Pa1 1 2 3
2.70
2.75
A A

qa1
Pa2
0.00 Pw1 Pa3 Pw2 0.00
B B
0.05 qw2
qw1 qa3 qa2
0.25 0.25

1.85 0.90 0.60

Load diagram on Wall for Seismic case

Kae = 0.724
a = 12.529 o

d = 10.00 o

cos (a+d) = 0.924

Khea = Kae x cos (a+d) = 0.669 Kh = 0.18

a) Section A - A

h = 2.70 m
qa1 = Khae x h x gsoil = 2.889 t/m
No. Description Hae Y (from A-A) Hae x Y
1 0.500 x 2.700 x 0.500 x 2.400 x 0.180 0.292 0.900 0.262
2 2.700 x 0.300 x 2.400 x 0.180 0.350 1.350 0.472
3 0.500 x 2.700 x 0.100 x 2.400 x 0.180 0.058 0.900 0.052
Pa1 2.889 x 2.700 x 0.500 3.900 0.900 3.510
Total 4.600 4.297
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Sae = 4.600 ton Mae = 4.297 ton m

b) Section B - B

h = 2.70 m hw1 = 0.00 m hw2 = 0.00 m

qa1 = Khae x h x gsoil = 3.128 t/m
qa2 = qa1 = 3.128 t/m
qa3 = Khae x hw1 x ( gsat - gw) = 0.000 t/m
qw1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m

No. Description Hbe Y (from B-B) Hbe x Y

Pa1 3.128 x 2.70 x 0.50 4.222 0.900 3.800
Pa2 3.128 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pa3 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw1 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw2 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
1 0.500 x 2.70 x 0.50 x 2.40 x 0.18 0.292 0.900 0.262
2 2.700 x 0.30 x 2.40 x 0.18 0.350 1.350 0.472
3 0.500 x 2.70 x 0.10 x 2.40 x 0.18 0.058 0.900 0.052
Total 4.922 4.587

Sbe = 4.922 ton Mbe = 4.587 ton m

(2) Footing
in case, e < B/6 in case, B/6 < e < B/3

2.70 2.70
4 4

0.00 0.00
D C D C
0.05 0.05
0.25 0.25
3 1 3 1

D C D C
1.85 0.90 0.60 1.85 0.90 0.60

4 4

3 1 3 1

in case, e > 0 ande < B/6 in case, e > 0 and B/6 < e < B/3

5 6
2 2

3.360 t/m 2
- t/m 2

4.699 t/m2
5.351 t/m2 - t/m2
5.785 t/m2 - t/m2

in case, e < 0 and |e| < B/6 in case, e < 0 and B/6 < |e| < B/3
2
2 6
6

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2 -

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2

Load Diagram on Footing in Seismic Case

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a) Section C - C

No. Description Hce X (from C-C) Hce x X

1 0.250 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.108
0.050 x 0.60 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.036 0.200 0.007
2 -5.351 x 0.60 -3.210 0.300 -0.963
-0.434 x 0.60 x 0.50 -0.130 0.400 -0.052
Total -2.945 -0.900

Sce = -2.945 ton Mce = -0.900 ton m

b) Section D - D

No. Description Hde X (from D-D) Hde x X

3 0.250 x 1.85 x 2.40 1.110 0.925 1.027
0.050 x 1.85 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.111 0.617 0.068
4 2.700 x 1.85 x 1.60 7.992 0.925 7.393
0.050 x 1.85 x 2.00 x 0.50 0.093 1.233 0.114
5 -3.360 x 1.85 -6.216 0.925 -5.750
-1.339 x 1.85 x 0.50 -1.239 0.617 -0.764
Total 1.851 2.088

Sde = 1.851 ton Mde = 2.088 ton m

3.3 Design Bending Moment and Shear Force

(1) Bending moment and shear force in each case

Description Bending Moment Shear Force

Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
Section A-A 3.408 3.408 4.297 3.462 3.462 4.600
Section B-B 3.408 3.408 4.587 3.462 3.462 4.922
Section C-C 0.842 0.829 0.900 2.779 2.723 2.945
Section D-D 1.518 1.601 2.088 1.494 1.477 1.851

(2) Design bending moment and shear force

Description Bending Moment Shear Force

Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Section A-A 3.408 4.297 3.462 4.600
Section B-B 3.408 4.587 3.462 4.922
Section C-C 0.842 0.900 2.779 2.945
Section D-D 1.601 2.088 1.494 1.851
Notes: - Moment at Section C-C < Moment at Section B-B
- Moment at Section D-D < Moment at Section B-B

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3. Structure Calculation
3.1 Normal Condition

(1) Wall 0.50

q = 0.50 t/m2 0.30
0.10

qa1

Pa1
2.70 Pa2

A A 0.9
qa2
0.00 Pw1 Pa4 Pw2 0.00
Pa3 B B
0.05 qw2
qw1 qa4 qa3
0.25 0.25

1.85 0.90 0.60

Load Diagram on Wall in Normal Condition

Ka = 0.536
a = 12.529 o

d = 13.33 o

cos (a+d) = 0.900

Kha = Ka x cos (a+d) = 0.482

a) Section A - A

h = 2.70 m
K
qa1 = ha x q = 0.241 ton/m
qa2 = Kha x h x gsoil = 2.082 ton/m

No. Description Ha Y (from A-A) Ha x Y

Pa1 0.241 x 2.70 0.651 1.350 0.878
Pa2 2.082 x 2.70 x 0.50 2.811 0.900 2.530
Total 3.462 3.408

Sa = 3.462 ton Ma = 3.408 ton m

b) Section B - B

h = 2.70 m hw1 = 0.00 m hw2 = 0.00 m

K
qa1 = ha x q = 0.241 ton/m
qa2 = Kha x h x gsoil = 2.082 ton/m
qa3 = qa1 + qa2 = 2.323 ton/m
qa4 = Kha x hw2 x (gsat - gw) = 0.000 ton/m
qw1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m

No. Description Hb Y (from B-B) Ha x Y

Pa1 0.241 x 2.70 0.651 1.350 0.878
Pa2 2.082 x 2.70 x 0.50 2.811 0.900 2.530
Pa3 2.323 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pa4 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw1 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw2 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Total 3.462 3.408

Sb = 3.462 ton Mb = 3.408 ton m

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(2) Footing
Case 1 (with vertical live load) Case 2 (without vertical live load)
q = 0.50 t/m2 q = 0.50 t/m2

2.70 2.70
4 4

0.00 0.00
D C E D C
0.05 E 0.05
0.25 0.25
3 1 3 1

E D C E D C
1.85 0.90 0.60 1.85 0.90 0.60

5
4 4

3 3 1
1

in case, e > 0 in case, e > 0

6 6
0.899 2 2
5.216 4.474 t/m2 3.811 t/m2
4.970 t/m2 4.652 t/m2
4.722 5.212 t/m2 4.232 5.061 t/m2
5.373 t/m 2
5.334 t/m2

in case, e < 0 in case, e < 0

2 2
6 6

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2

Load Diagram on Footing in Normal Case

a) Section C - C

Case 1 (with vertical live load)

No. Description Hc X (from C-C) Hc x X
1 0.250 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.108
0.050 x 0.60 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.036 0.200 0.007
2 -5.212 x 0.60 -3.127 0.300 -0.938
-0.161 x 0.60 x 0.50 -0.048 0.400 -0.019
Total -2.779 -0.842

Case 2 (without vertical live load)

No. Description Hc X (from C-C) Hc x X
1 0.250 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.108
0.050 x 0.60 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.036 0.200 0.007
2 -5.061 x 0.60 -3.037 0.300 -0.911
-0.273 x 0.60 x 0.50 -0.082 0.400 -0.033
Total -2.723 -0.829

Case 1 Sc = -2.779 ton Mc = -0.842 ton m

Case 2 Sc = -2.723 ton Mc = -0.829 ton m

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c) Section E - E

Case 1 (with vertical live load)

No. Description Hd X (from D-D) Hd x Y
3 0.250 x 0.93 x 2.40 0.555 0.463 0.257
0.050 x 0.93 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.056 0.308 0.017
4 2.700 x 0.93 x 1.60 3.996 0.463 1.848
0.000 x 0.93 x 2.00 0.000 0.463 0.000
0.050 x 0.93 x 2.00 x 0.50 0.046 0.617 0.029
5 0.500 x 0.93 0.463 0.463 0.214
6 -4.474 x 0.93 -4.138 0.463 -1.914
-0.248 x 0.93 x 0.50 -0.115 0.308 -0.035
Total 0.862 0.415

Case 2 (without vertical live load)

No. Description Hd X (from D-D) Hd x Y
3 0.250 x 0.93 x 2.40 0.555 0.463 0.257
0.050 x 0.93 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.056 0.308 0.017
4 2.700 x 0.93 x 1.60 3.996 0.463 1.848
0.000 x 0.93 x 2.00 0.000 0.463 0.000
0.050 x 0.93 x 2.00 x 0.50 0.046 0.617 0.029
6 -3.811 x 0.93 -3.525 0.463 -1.630
-0.421 x 0.93 x 0.50 -0.194 0.308 -0.060
Total 0.933 0.460

Case 1 Sd = 0.862 ton Md = 0.415 ton m

Case 2 Sd = 0.933 ton Md = 0.460 ton m

3.2 Seismic Condition

(1) Wall 0.50

0.30
0.10

Pa1 1 2 3
2.70
2.75
A A

qa1
Pa2
0.00 Pw1 Pa3 Pw2 0.00
B B
0.05 qw2
qw1 qa3 qa2
0.25 0.25

1.85 0.90 0.60

Load diagram on Wall for Seismic case

Kae = 0.724
a = 12.529 o

d = 10.00 o

cos (a+d) = 0.924

Khea = Kae x cos (a+d) = 0.669 Kh = 0.18

a) Section A - A

h = 2.70 m
qa1 = Khae x h x gsoil = 2.889 t/m
No. Description Hae Y (from A-A) Hae x Y
1 0.500 x 2.700 x 0.500 x 2.400 x 0.180 0.292 0.900 0.262
2 2.700 x 0.300 x 2.400 x 0.180 0.350 1.350 0.472
3 0.500 x 2.700 x 0.100 x 2.400 x 0.180 0.058 0.900 0.052
Pa1 2.889 x 2.700 x 0.500 3.900 0.900 3.510
Total 4.600 4.297
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Sae = 4.600 ton Mae = 4.297 ton m

b) Section B - B

h = 2.70 m hw1 = 0.00 m hw2 = 0.00 m

qa1 = Khae x h x gsoil = 3.128 t/m
qa2 = qa1 = 3.128 t/m
qa3 = Khae x hw1 x ( gsat - gw) = 0.000 t/m
qw1 = hw1 x gw = 0.000 ton/m
qw2 = hw2 x gw = 0.000 ton/m

No. Description Hbe Y (from B-B) Hbe x Y

Pa1 3.128 x 2.70 x 0.50 4.222 0.900 3.800
Pa2 3.128 x 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pa3 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw1 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pw2 0.000 x 0.00 x 0.50 0.000 0.000 0.000
1 0.500 x 2.70 x 0.50 x 2.40 x 0.18 0.292 0.900 0.262
2 2.700 x 0.30 x 2.40 x 0.18 0.350 1.350 0.472
3 0.500 x 2.70 x 0.10 x 2.40 x 0.18 0.058 0.900 0.052
Total 4.922 4.587

Sbe = 4.922 ton Mbe = 4.587 ton m

(2) Footing
in case, e < B/6 in case, B/6 < e < B/3

2.70 2.70
4 4

0.00 0.00
D C D C
0.05 0.05
0.25 0.25
3 1 3 1

D C D C
1.85 0.90 0.60 1.85 0.90 0.60

4 4

3 1 3 1

in case, e > 0 ande < B/6 in case, e > 0 and B/6 < e < B/3

5 6
2 2

3.360 t/m 2
- t/m 2

4.699 t/m2
4.030 5.351 t/m2 - t/m2
5.785 t/m2 - t/m2

in case, e < 0 and |e| < B/6 in case, e < 0 and B/6 < |e| < B/3
2
2 6
6

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2

- t/m2 - t/m2 - t/m2

Load Diagram on Footing in Seismic Case

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a) Section C - C

No. Description Hce X (from C-C) Hce x X

1 0.250 x 0.60 x 2.40 0.360 0.300 0.108
0.050 x 0.60 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.036 0.200 0.007
2 -5.351 x 0.60 -3.210 0.300 -0.963
-0.434 x 0.60 x 0.50 -0.130 0.400 -0.052
Total -2.945 -0.900

Sce = -2.945 ton Mce = -0.900 ton m

b) Section E - E

No. Description Hde X (from D-D) Hde x X

3 0.250 x 0.93 x 2.40 0.555 0.463 0.257
0.050 x 0.93 x 2.40 x 0.50 0.056 0.308 0.017
4 2.700 x 0.93 x 1.60 3.996 0.463 1.848
0.050 x 0.93 x 2.00 x 0.50 0.046 0.617 0.029
5 -3.360 x 0.93 -3.108 0.463 -1.437
-0.670 x 0.93 x 0.50 -0.310 0.308 -0.095
Total 1.235 0.618

Sde = 1.235 ton Mde = 0.618 ton m

3.3 Design Bending Moment and Shear Force

(1) Bending moment and shear force in each case

Description Bending Moment Shear Force

Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
Section A-A 3.408 3.408 4.297 3.462 3.462 4.600
Section B-B 3.408 3.408 4.587 3.462 3.462 4.922
Section C-C 0.842 0.829 0.900 2.779 2.723 2.945
Section E-E 0.415 0.460 0.618 0.862 0.933 1.235

(2) Design bending moment and shear force

Description Bending Moment Shear Force

Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Section A-A 3.408 4.297 3.462 4.600
Section B-B 3.408 4.587 3.462 4.922
Section C-C 0.842 0.900 2.779 2.945
Section E-E 0.460 0.618 0.933 1.235
Notes: - Moment at Section C-C < Moment at Section B-B
- Moment at Section D-D < Moment at Section B-B

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Reinforcement Bar Arrangement and Stress

Normal Condition
Name of Structure : Turap
Location : 0

Wall (upper) Wall (lower) Footing (toe) Footing (heel)

Section A-A Section B-B Section C-C Section D-D
back front back front lower upper upper lower
Bending moment M kgfcm 340,835 340,835 84,228 160,056
Shearing force (joint) S kgf 3,462 3,462 2,779 1,494
Axial force N kgf 0 0 0 0

Height of member h cm 96.7 90.0 30.0 30.0

Covering depth d' cm 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Effective height d cm 91.7 85.0 25.0 25.0
Effective width b cm 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Young's modulus ratio n - 24 24 24 24

Required R-bar Asreq cm2 2.23 2.51 2.04 4.34

R-bar arrangement 25~200 16~250 25~100 16~125 16~250 16~250 25~100 16~250

Reinforcement As cm2 24.54 8.04 49.09 16.08 8.04 8.04 49.09 8.04
Perimeter of R-bar U ｃｍ 39.27 ok 78.54 ok 20.11 ok 78.54 ok

Dist. from neutral axis x cm 27.50 34.50 8.08 15.20

Compressive stress sc kgf/cm2 3.0 2.7 9.3 10.6

Allowable stress sca kgf/cm2 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0
ok ok ok ok
Tensile stress ss kgf/cm2 168 94 470 164
Allowable stress ssa kgf/cm2 1,850 1,850 1,850 1,850
ok ok ok ok
Shearing stress at joint t kgf/cm2 0.38 0.41 1.11 0.60
Allowable stress ta kgf/cm2 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50
ok ok ok ok

Resisting Moment Mr kgfcm 3,666,835 9,405,297 535,025 4,985,248

Mr for compression Mrc kgfcm 3,666,835 9,405,297 899,514 4,985,248
x for Mrc cm 22 37 10 29
ss for Mrc kgf/cm2 2,686 2,281 3,621 1,800
Mr for tensile Mrs kgfcm 3,805,183 9,898,792 535,025 5,065,750
x for Mrs cm 27 48 11 40
sc for Mrs kgf/cm2 59 75 39 114
Distribution bar (>As/6 and >Asmin) 4.09 1.34 8.18 2.68 1.34 1.34 8.18 1.34
16~250 16~250 16~125 16~250 16~200 16~200 16~200 16~200
Reinforcement As cm2 8.04 8.04 16.08 8.04 10.05 10.05 10.05 10.05
ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok

Minimum requirement of distribution bar As min = 4.50 cm2

435558673.xls-09/02/2019
 Re-bar 30/35

Reinforcement Bar Arrangement and Stress

Seismic Condition
Name of Structure : Turap
Location : 0

Wall (upper) Wall (lower) Footing (toe) Footing (heel)

Section A-A Section B-B Section C-C Section D-D
back front back front lower upper upper lower
Bending moment M kgfcm 429,745 458,745 90,004 208,819
Shearing force (joint) S kgf 4,600 4,922 2,945 1,851
Axial force N kgf 0 0 0 0

Height of member h cm 96.7 90.0 30.0 30.0

Covering depth d' cm 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Effective height d cm 91.7 85.0 25.0 25.0
Effective width b cm 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Young's modulus ratio n - 16 16 16 16

Required R-bar Asreq cm2 1.85 2.20 1.43 3.67

R-bar arrangement 25~200 16~250 25~100 16~125 16~250 16~250 25~100 16~250

Reinforcement As cm2 24.54 8.04 49.09 16.08 8.04 8.04 49.09 8.04
Perimeter of R-bar U ｃｍ 39.27 78.54 20.11 78.54

Dist. from neutral axis x cm 23.19 29.52 6.84 13.46

Compressive stress sc kgf/cm2 4.4 4.1 11.6 15.1

Allowable stress sca kgf/cm2 90.0 90.0 90.0 90.0
ok ok ok ok
Tensile stress ss kgf/cm2 209 124 493 207
Allowable stress ssa kgf/cm2 2,775 2,775 2,775 2,775
ok ok ok ok
Shearing stress at joint t kgf/cm2 0.50 0.58 1.18 0.74
Allowable stress ta kgf/cm2 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25
ok ok ok ok

Resisting Moment Mr kgfcm 4,462,954 10,723,427 692,923 5,368,091

Mr for compression Mrc kgfcm 4,462,954 10,723,427 875,485 5,368,091
x for Mrc cm 18 30 7 23
ss for Mrc kgf/cm2 3,341 2,778 4,145 2,153
Mr for tensile Mrs kgfcm 5,201,105 13,614,108 692,923 7,320,872
x for Mrs cm 22 37 9 30
sc for Mrs kgf/cm2 98 126 74 186

Distribution bar (>As/6 and >Asmin) 16~250 16~250 16~125 16~250 16~200 16~200 16~200 16~200
Reinforcement As cm2 8.04 8.04 16.08 8.04 10.05 10.05 10.05 10.05

Minimum requirement of distribution bar As min = 4.50 cm2

435558673.xls-09/02/2019
 Re-bar 31/35

Reference: Assumed requirement of reinforcement bar Normal Condition

Required R-bar Asreqo cm2 2.12 2.72 2.44 10.93
Dist. from neutral axis xo cm 14.62 51.44 19.12 51.25
a -275.00 -255.00 -75.00 -75.00
b -265.30 -265.30 -65.56 -124.58
c 24319.00 22550.35 1639.03 3114.59
-35206 -529756 -20046 -65651 nol
(check) check check check check

Reference: Assumed requirement of reinforcement bar Seismic Condition

Required R-bar Asreqo cm2 1.77 2.35 1.59 7.19
Dist. from neutral axis xo cm 12.17 43.75 13.73 43.61
a -275.00 -255.00 -75.00 -75.00
b -148.67 -158.70 -31.14 -72.24
c 13627.94 13489.59 778.41 1806.00
-27089 -397744 -11202 -61047 nol
(check) check check check check

gs = 7.85 t/m3 = 0.785 kg/cm2-m

Wall (upper) Wall (lower) Footing (toe) Footing (heel)

Section A-A Section B-B Section C-C Section D-D

L, m 2.70 0.75 0.60 2.75

R-bar 24.54 8.04 49.09 16.08 8.04 8.04 49.09 8.04
Dist-bar 8.04 8.04 16.08 8.04 10.05 10.05 10.05 10.05

131 67 22 212

Total 340 kg

435558673.xls-09/02/2019
 Reinforcement Bar Arrangement
( Turap )

0.50 0.30 0.10

D25~200
D16~250

D16~250
3.00 D16~250

A A
D25~100 D16~125
D16~250
D16~125
D16~200 D16~200
D25~100 D C D16~250
B B 0.50

0.25

D16~250 D C
D16~200 D16~250 D16~200

1.85 0.90 0.60

3.35

Section of Retaining wall

concrete = 3 m3
reinforcement = 356 kg
cost estimate = 3,699,165

435558673.xls-09/02/2019
4. Wooden Pile (Not applicable for this Project)

4.1 Bearing Capacity of a Pile

(1) Design data

Diameter of wooden pile D = 15.0 cm

Length of pile L = 2.00 m
Area of pile section A = 1/4 x p x D2 = 0.018 m2
Perimeter of pile W = pxD = 0.471 m
SPT N-Value = 30

Ni : Average N value in a soil layer = 30

fi : friction of soil = 0.20 x Ni = 6.00 t/m2

(2) Ultimate vertical bearing capacity, (qu)

qu = (40 x N x A) + (W x fi x li)
= ( 40 x 30.0 x 0.018 )+( 0.471 x 6.00 x 2.0 )
= 21.206 + 5.655 = 26.861 ton/pile

(3) Ultimate vertical bearing capacity, (qu)

qa = qu/n = 26.861 / 3 = 8.954 ton/pile

(safety factor : n = 3)

4.2 Allowable horizontal bearing capacity

Horizontal bearing capacity depend on displacement of a pile

(1) Design data

Class of timber (pile) : III Class

E = 80,000 kg/cm (Young's modulus)
2

d = Allowable horizontal displacement = 0.01 m

N = SPT N-value is assumed as = 30

p x D4
I = = 2,485.0 cm4 (I : Moment of Inertia for a pile)
64

(2) Horizontal bearing capacity of one pile (Ha)

a = 0.20 E = 28 x N
Kh = a x E x D -3/4

= 0.20 x( 28 x 30.0 )x( 15.0 )-3/4 = 22.041 kg/cm3

4 Kh x D 4 22.041 x 15.0
b = = = 0.025 cm
4 EI 4 x 80,000 x 2,485.0

Kh x D 22.041 x 15.0
Ha = x d = x 1 = 13,020.22 kg
b 0.025
= 13.020 ton
(3) Allowable horizontal bearing capacity due to the stress of a pile itself

Ha = 2 x b x Ma

s = Allowable stress of timber III class = 75.00 kg/cm2

p x D3
W = = 331.34 cm3 ; (W : section modulus of a pile)
32

Ma = s x W = 75.00 x 331.34 = 24,850.5 kg cm

Ha = 2 x b x Ma
= 2 x 0.025 x 24,850.5 = 1,262.06 kg/pile = 1.262 ton/pile

Allowable horizontal bearing capacity acting on the pile top depend upon the allowable
stress of pile itself.

4.3 Spacing of Pile

(1) For horizontal load

Ha = 1.262 ton/pile ; (Ha : Horizontal load carried by pile)

Hr = H - Hf = H - V x tan(2f/3) = 5.412 - 3.909 = 1.503 ton/m

Ha 1.262
Spacing of pile = = = 0.84 m
Hr 1.503

Spacing of pile = 0.84 m (center to center) by horizontal force

(2) For vertical load

V = 16.493 ton/m : Vertical load carried by pile

qa = 8.954 ton/pile : Allowable vertical bearing capacity of a pile

qa 8.954
Spacing of pile = = = 0.54 m
V 16.493

Spacing of pile can be determined 0.75 m for a pile ( f 150, L = 2.00 m ),

Vp = 1.104 ton/m : Vertical load carried by pile

qa = 8.954 ton/pile : Allowable vertical bearing capacity of a pile

qa 8.954
Spacing of pile = = = 8.11 m
Vp 1.104

Spacing of pile can be determined 1.50 m for a pile ( f 150, L = 2.00 m ),

12th Oct, Stability Analysis
Uplift pressure are added for stability analysis.

Reinforcement Bar Arrangement

Reinforcement bar for Footing (heel) are collected.

Jan. 7, '03 Stability

Calculation formula in case of (B/6 < e < B/3) under seismic condition are corrected.
(distributed width of reaction of foundation soil)

Structure
Calculation formula in case of (B/6 < e < B/3) under seismic condition are corrected.
(distributed width of reaction of foundation soil)