Mapua University

School of Civil Engineering

658 Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila

Advanced Foundation Design Project

SUBMITTED BY:

ABADAY, DARYL JAY O.

CALIMAG, JESSICA D.

PUA, LEIGH ANN F.

SAMBRANO, JOHNSON P.

MSCE- Structural Engineering

SUBMITTED TO:

DR. GILFORD ESTORES

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENTS OF

CE231-D01- ADVANCED FOUNDATION DESIGN

August 1, 2019
Depth (m) Soil Description N-Blows N-corr. PI Gs

5 Clayey Silt 10 10 24 2.6

6 Clayey Silt Sand 29 22 NP 2.7

8.5 Fat Clay 19 17 34 2.63

11.5 Fat Clay 19 17 32 2.63

13.5 Fat Clay 19 17 35 2.63

15.5 Fat Clay 18 16.5 37 2.63

18 Fat Clay 15 15 38 2.63

20 Brown Silty fine sand 30 22.5 NP 2.68

The water table is located at depth 1.37m.

Note: N-corr = N for N < 15 blows

N-corr = 15+ (N-15)/2 for N > 15 blows

N-corr @ depth 6
N-corr = 15+ (29 - 15)/2 = 22
N-corr @ depth 8.5, 11.5 and 13.5
N-corr = 15+ (19 - 15)/2 = 17
N-corr @ depth 18
N-corr = 15
N-corr @ depth 20
N-corr = 15+ (30 - 15)/2 = 22.5
N-corr @ depth 15.5
N-corr = 15+ (18 - 15)/2 = 16.5
1.) What is the ultimate and allowable bearing capacity based on soil strength
up to 2B below the base using Terzhagi, Meyerhof, and Hansen equations
for each given size of isolated footing? Use Factor of Safety = 2.5.

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df =3m

b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df =3m

Answer:

a. Terzhagi’s Equation

for square footing:

qult= 1.3c’Nc + qNq + 0.4yBNy
for undrained condition ø’= 0, Terzhaghi’s bearing capacity as follows:
Nc = 5.14
Nq = 1.00
Ny = 0
For Cohesion (c’), N = 10

C’=
C’ = = 68.53 Kpa
Surcharge (q) if water table is above the base of the footing
q= y(Df – dw) + ysubdw
ysub= ysat – yw

Ysub = 19.11 – 9.81 = 9.3 KN/m3

q= 17(3 – 1.37) + 9.3 x 1.37
q = 40.45 Kpa

For Cohesion (c’), N = 19

C’=
C’ = = 118.3 Kpa
Surcharge (q) if water table is above the base of the footing
q= y(Df – dw) + ysubdw
ysub= ysat – yw
Ysub = 20– 9.81 = 10.19 KN/m3
q= 21(3 – 1.37) + 10.19 x 1.37
 q = 48.19

Comparing ultimate bearing capacity

Qult = 1.3c’Nc + qNq + 0.4YBNy
Qult = 1.3(68.53) (5.14) +40.45 (1)
Qult = 498.37KPa

Qall= 199.35 KPa

Meyerhof Equation

Qult= c’NcFcsFcdFci + qNqFqsFqdFqi + 0.5YBNyFysFydFyi

for undrained condition ø’= 0, Terzhaghi’s bearing capacity as follows:

Nc = 5.14
Nq = 1.00
Ny = 0

Other factors

Fcs = 1+B/L xNq/Nc = 1.19

Since Df/B = 3/2 >1

Fcd = 1+0.4 tan -1(Df/B) = 1.39

Fci = Fqi = 1

Fqs = 1+ (B/L) tanø’ = 1

Fqd = 1+2tanø (1-sinø)2 (Df/B) = 1

Qult = 68.53(5.14)(1.19)(1.39)+40.45 = 623.098KPa

Qall= 249.24KPa
Hansen Equation

For ø = 0

Qult = 5.14Su(1+S’c+d’c+I’c+b’c+g’c)+q

s’c = 0.2(B/L) = 0.2

d’c = 0.4K = 0.4 tan -1(D/B) = 0.3932

qult= 5.14(68.53) (1+0.2+0.3932+(I’c+b’c+g’c)/0)+40.45

qult = 586.361 KPa

Qall = 234.5KPa

b. Terzhagi’s Equation

for square footing:

qult= 1.3c’Nc + qNq + 0.4yBNy
for undrained condition ø’= 0, Terzhaghi’s bearing capacity as follows:
Nc = 5.14
Nq = 1.00
Ny = 0
For Cohesion (c’), N = 10

C’=
C’ = = 68.53 Kpa
Surcharge (q) if water table is above the base of the footing
q= y(Df – dw) + ysubdw
ysub= ysat – yw
Ysub = 20– 9.81 = 10.19 KN/m3
q= 21(3 – 1.37) + 10.19 x 1.37
q = 48.19
Comparing ultimate bearing capacity
Qult = 1.3c’Nc + qNq + 0.4YBNy
Qult = 1.3(118.3)(5.14) +48.19 (1)
Qult = 926.301KPa

Qall = 370.5KPa
Meyerhof Equation

Qult= c’NcFcsFcdFci + qNqFqsFqdFqi + 0.5YBNyFysFydFyi

for undrained condition ø’= 0, Terzhaghi’s bearing capacity as follows:

Nc = 5.14
Nq = 1.00
Ny = 0

Other factors

Fcs = 1+B/L xNq/Nc = 1.19

Since Df/B = 3/2 >1

Fcd = 1+0.4 tan -1(Df/B) = 1.2

Fci = Fqi = 1

Fqs = 1+ (B/L) tanø’ = 1

Fqd = 1+2tanø (1-sinø)2 (Df/B) = 1

Qult = 118.296(5.14)(1.19)(1.39)+48.19 = 916.473KPa

Qall = 366.6KPa

Hansen Equation

For ø = 0

Qult = 5.14Su(1+S’c+d’c+I’c+b’c+g’c)+q

s’c = 0.2(B/L) = 0.2

d’c = 0.4K = 0.4 tan -1(D/B) = 0.2

Qult= 5.14(118.296) (1+0.2+0.2+(I’c+b’c+g’c)/0)+48.19

Qult = 899.45 KPa

Qall = 359.8KPa
2.) What is the allowable bearing capacity based on soil compressibility up to
2B below the base using terzaghi& Peck, Meyerhof, and bowles equations
for each given size of isolated footing? Use allowable settlement = 30mm.
Assume the time for creep to be 10 years.

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df = 3m
b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df = 3m

Answer:
Terzhaghi and Peck Equation

Use:

a.) B = 2m L = 2m Df = 3m

Cd = 1+0.25(3/2) = 1.375

Cw = 2 – (3/(2*2)) = 1.25

Qa = 8(10)

Qall = 73 KPa
 b.) B = 6m L = 6m Df = 3m

Cd = 1+0.25(3/2) = 1.125

Cw = 2 – (3/(2*2)) = 1.75

Qa = 8(10)

Qall = 53 KPa

Use:

Meyerhof Equation

a.) B = 2m L = 2m Df = 3m

Fd = 1+0.33(3/2) = 1.495

Qa = 8(19.875)

Qall = 372.87KPa
 b.) B = 6m L = 6m Df = 3m

Fd = 1+0.33(3/6) = 1.165

Qa = 8(19.875)

Qall = 241.58KPa

Use:

Bowles Equation

a.) Fd = 1+ 0.33(3/2) = 1.495

Qa = 11.98(17.125)

Qall = 428.12 KPa

 b.) Fd = 1+ 0.33(3/6) = 1.165

Qa = 11.98(17.125)

Qall = 311.71 KPa

3.) Calculate the total settlement of each isolated footing. Use Schmertmann’s
method for immediate settlement and assume all clay layers be
overconsolidated. Disregard the secondary consolidation.

a.) B = 2m , L = 2m, Df =3m

b.) B = 6m , L = 6m, Df =3m

Answer:
a.) Settlement Equation

S = C1C2(q – q)

Where :

Iz = strain influence factor

C1= correction factor for depth of foundation embedment

C2 = correction factor account for creep in soil

q= stress at the level of foundation

q = YDf = effective stress at the base of foundation

Es = modulus of eleasticity of soil

Using terzhaghi’s q gross(all)

a. 503.38KPa
b. 832.87KPa

Z1/B = 0.5 + 0.0555[(L/B) – 1] < 1

Z2/B = 2 + 0.0222[(L/B) – 1] < 4

 Z1 = 1

Z2 = 4

Iz @ z = 0

0.1.1 + 0.0111[(L/B) – 1] < 0.2

Iz0 = 0.1

5
Izmax = 0.5 + 0.1

Iz1 = 0.7565

Iz2 = 0.6939

Layer N60 ∆z Es Iz @ middle Iz/Es(∆z)

1 15 2 9958 0.7565 1.5194E-04

2 37 1 28342 0.7252 2.5587E-05

3 25 1 19150 7043 3.6778E-05

C1= 1 – 0.5

S = 0.935 (503.368) ( )

S= 0.1009 mm

b.) B = 6

Z1/B = 0.5 + 0.0555[(L/B) – 1] < 1

Z2/B = 2 + 0.0222[(L/B) – 1] < 4

Z1 = 1

Z2 = 4

Iz @ z = 0
 0.1 + 0.0111[(L/B) – 1] < 0.2
Iz0 = 0.1
5
Izmax = 0.5 + 0.1

Iz1 = 0.7565

Iz2 = 0.6939

Layer N60 ∆z Es Iz @ middle Iz/Es(∆z)

1 15 2 9958 0.8588 1.7248E-04

2 37 1 28342 0.8150 2.8756E-05

3 25 1 19150 0.7858 4.1034E-05

C1= 1 – 0.5

S = 0.923 (832.87) ( )

S= 0.186 mm
4.) Summarize and tabulate all your answers. Compare and discuss briefly the
results and make your conclusion.

a) B = 2m, L = 2m, b) B = 6m , L = 6m,

Number Equation used
Df =3m Df =3m
Terzaghi
1. Meyerhof
Hansen
Terzaghi and Peck
2. Meyerhof
Bowles
3. Schmertmann