TABEL 7- RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM DUCT VELOCITIES FOR LOW VELOCITY SYSTEMS (FPM)

CONTROLLING FACTOR CONTROLLING FACTOR - DUCT FRICTION

APPLICATION NOISE GENERATION MAIN DUCT BRANCH DUCT
Main Duct SUPPLY RETURN SUPPLY RETURN
RESIDENCES 600 1000 800 600 600
APARTEMENT
HOTEL BAROOMS 1000 1500 1300 1200 1000
HOSPITAL BADROOM
PRIVATE OFFICES
DIRECTORS ROOMS 1200 2000 1500 1600 1200
LIBRARIES
THEATRES
800 1300 1100 1000 800
AUDITOIUMS
GENERAL OFFICES
HIGH CLASS RESTAURANTS
1500 2000 1500 1600 1200
HIGH CLASS STORES
BANKS
AVERAGE STORES
1800 2000 1500 1600 1200
CAFETERIAS
INDUSTRIAL 2500 3000 1800 2200 1500
TABEL 20- RECOMMENDED OUTLET VELOCITIES (FPM)

TERMINAL
APPLICATION VELOCITIES
RANGE (FPM)
BROADCASTING STUDIOS 500
RESIDENCES 500 750
APPARTEMENTS, HOTEL BEDROOM, HOSPITAL BEDROOMS 500 750
PRIVATE OFFICES, CHURCHES, LIBRARIES, SCHOOL, 500 1000
GENERAL OFFICES, DELUXE RESTAURANT, DELUXE STORE, BANK 1200 1500
AVERAGE STORE, CAFETARIA 1500 1500
CHURCHES 500 750
HOTEL BEDROOM/ HOSPITAL BEDROOMS 500 750
LEGITIMATE THEATRES 500 1000
PRIVATE OFFICES ACCUSTICALLY TREATED 500 1000
PRIVATE OFFICE NOT TREATED 1000 1250
MOTION PICTURE THEATRES 1000 1250
GENERAL OFFICES 1250 1500
DEPT STORE UPPER FLOORS 1500
DEPT STORE MAIN FLOORS 1500
INDUSTRIALS BUILDING 1500 2000
de=1.3*((a*b)^5/((a+b)^2)^.125 a
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
6 6.6 7.6 8.4 9.1 9.8 10.4 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.4 12.8 13.2
8 7.6 8.7 9.8 10.7 11.5 12.2 12.9 13.5 14.1 14.6 15.1 15.6
10 8.4 9.8 10.9 12.0 12.9 13.7 14.5 15.2 15.9 16.5 17.1 17.7
12 9.1 10.7 12.0 13.1 14.2 15.1 16.0 16.8 17.6 18.3 19.0 19.6
14 9.8 11.5 12.9 14.2 15.3 16.4 17.3 18.2 19.1 19.9 20.6 21.3
16 10.4 12.2 13.7 15.1 16.4 17.5 18.5 19.5 20.4 21.3 22.1 22.9
18 11.0 12.9 14.5 16.0 17.3 18.5 19.7 20.7 21.7 22.7 23.5 24.4
20 11.47 13.48 15.23 16.80 18.22 19.52 20.73 21.86 22.92 23.93 24.87 25.78
22 12.0 14.1 15.9 17.6 19.1 20.4 21.7 22.9 24.0 25.1 26.1 27.1
24 12.4 14.6 16.5 18.3 19.9 21.3 22.7 23.9 25.1 26.2 27.3 28.3
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
ok/poor
de b a' a" a de cal a pilih r<4
25.78 10.9 12 OK

INC
A B d
12 8 10.656

12 8 10.656
14 4 7.8116
14.3 4 7.8832
14.6 4 7.9538
14.9 4 8.0234
15.2 4 8.092
15.5 4 8.1598
15.8 4 8.2267
16.1 4 8.2927
16.4 4 8.358
16.7 4 8.4224
17 4 8.4861
17.3 4 8.549
17.6 4 8.6112
17.9 4 8.6727
18.2 4 8.7335
18.5 4 8.7936
18.8 4 8.8531
19.1 4 8.912
19.4 4 8.9702
19.7 4 9.0279
20 4 9.0849
20.3 4 9.1414
20.6 4 9.1974
20.9 4 9.2528
21.2 4 9.3077
21.5 4 9.362
21.8 4 9.4159
22.1 4 9.4693
22.4 4 9.5221
22.7 4 9.5746
23 4 9.6265
23.3 4 9.678
23.6 4 9.7291
23.9 4 9.7798
24.2 4 9.83
24.5 4 9.8798
24.8 4 9.9292
25.1 4 9.9782
25.4 4 10.027
25.7 4 10.075
26 4 10.123
26.3 4 10.171
26.6 4 10.218
26.9 4 10.264
27.2 4 10.311
27.5 4 10.357
27.8 4 10.403
28.1 4 10.448
28.4 4 10.493
28.7 4 10.538
29 4 10.583
29.3 4 10.627
29.6 4 10.671 4 30
100 750
 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54
13.6 14.0 14.4 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.9 16.2 16.5 16.8 17.1 17.3
16.1 16.5 17.0 17.4 17.8 18.2 18.5 18.9 19.3 19.6 19.9 20.2 20.6
18.3 18.8 19.3 19.8 20.2 20.7 21.1 21.5 21.9 22.3 22.7 23.1 23.5
20.2 20.8 21.4 21.9 22.4 22.9 23.4 23.9 24.4 24.8 25.2 25.7 26.1
22.0 22.7 23.3 23.9 24.5 25.0 25.6 26.1 26.6 27.1 27.6 28.0 28.5
23.7 24.4 25.1 25.7 26.4 27.0 27.6 28.1 28.7 29.2 29.8 30.3 30.8
25.2 26.0 26.7 27.4 28.1 28.8 29.4 30.0 30.6 31.2 31.8 32.3 32.9
26.64 27.47 28.26 29.02 29.76 30.47 31.15 31.82 32.47 33.09 33.70 34.30 34.88
28.0 28.9 29.7 30.5 31.3 32.1 32.8 33.5 34.2 34.9 35.5 36.2 36.8
29.3 30.2 31.1 32.0 32.8 33.6 34.4 35.1 35.9 36.6 37.2 37.9 38.6
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54
 56 58 60
17.6 17.8 18.1
20.9 21.2 21.5
23.8 24.2 24.5
26.5 26.9 27.3
28.9 29.4 29.8
31.2 31.7 32.2
33.4 33.9 34.4
35.44 35.99 36.53
37.4 38.0 38.5
39.2 39.8 40.4
56 58 60
TYPICAL FRICTIONAL LOSSES FOR DUCT SYSTEM EQUIPMENT
INCH WQ
AIR INTAKE OR FAN ENTRY 0.005 0.1
AIR HEATER OR COOLER, ONE ROW TO SEVEREL ROWS 0.1 0.35
AIR WASHER 0.2 0.35
AIR FILTER 0.2 0.4
DUCT SYSTEM (CALCULATED FOR WORS RUN) 0.04 0.4
miscellaneous, screen , grill, etc 0.1 0.2
NOZZLE TYPE OUTLET 0.1 0.1
LESS ANY VELOCITY HEAD REGAIN -0.01 -0.01

TOTAL STATIC PRESSURE LOSSE FOR SYSTEM (FAN) 1 1.6

 REFF SMACNA
REFF AC AND REFF BY BURGESS
1 friction rectang elbow duct Dp = 0,03*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)
Dp = in wg/100ft, L=ft, d in , V fpm
de=1.3*((a*b)^5/((a+b)^2)^.125
elbow horizon
L/W=(0.33*R/W)^(-2.13(H/W)^0.12
H (INCH) W (INCH)
48 96
96 36
96 30
96 24
96 20
12 20
12 22
12 24
12 26
12 28
12 30
12 32
12 34

elbow vertical
L/H=(0.33*R/H)^(-2.13(W/H)^0.126
H (INCH) W (INCH)
28 28
24 28
20 28
16 28

SP Regain = n*(hv1-hv2)
 hv =(V/4005)^2
hv in wq, V, fpm
ut tranformasi v1 = v2 sp loss= n hv
ut expansi SP Regain = n*(hv1-hv2
Nilai n

v1/v2 5


0.2 0.83
0.4 0.89
0.6 0.93

saluran lurus (1-20

Dpt = G *v1^2/2/g*gm
bila v2/v1<1 kerugian dapat diabaik

saluran cabang
Dpt = G *v1^2/2/g*gm

hv 0.050499
n 0.3
sp l 0.01515
Leq ref cabang
samuel ofset tranformasi
ofset tranformasi +ofset
cabang++tranformasi+s

Leq 35

floor return intake

register
floor register

side wall register l eq f

*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82*100
g/100ft, L=ft, d in , V fpm
a*b)^5/((a+b)^2)^.125

3*R/W)^(-2.13(H/W)^0.126)
R/W L EQ (FT)
1.25 45
1.25 25
1.25 22
1.25 19
1.25 17
1.25 10
1.25 11
1.25 11
1.25 12
1.25 13
1.25 13
1.25 14
1.25 15

*R/H)^(-2.13(W/H)^0.126)
R/H L EQ (FT)
1.25 15
1.25 14
1.25 12
1.25 10

n = n*(hv1-hv2)
masi v1 = v2 sp loss= n hv1 , n= 0.15
i SP Regain = n*(hv1-hv2)

alfa
10 15 20 30 40
0.74 0.68 0.62 0.52 0.45
0.83 0.78 0.74 0.68 0.64
0.87 0.84 0.82 0.79 0.77

v1^2/2/g*gm
<1 kerugian dapat diabaikan, bila v2/v1>=1 gm = 0.46-1.24x+0.93x^2, x= (v3/v1)*(a/b)^0.25

x 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25

gm 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.65

x = v1/v3*(H/D).75 x v1 v3
0.79 900 800

inch wq
15 ft
ofset tranformasi 5 ft
ofset tranformasi +ofset naik 15 ft
cabang++tranformasi+semanggi 60 ft

ft

20 ft

25 ft
deflextion angle
0 15 22 30 45
35 40 45 60 115
 225

D H
16 10
 EQUAL FRICTION
DUCT DESIGN WITH EQUAL FRICTION
Dp = 0,03*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82 = SPR = 0,5*((Vs/4005)^2-(Vf/4005)^2)
PILIH
NO Qf Capasitas Area In Vilocity AREA DUCT DIA SIZE PROPOSE
SEGMENT cfm % % Fpm, vil p (sqft) (in.) Eq D H (inc)

fcu 650 100% 1,000 0.65 10.92 10.93 10

1 325 50% 57.4% 871 0.37 8.27 8.75 8
2 600 92% 93.8% 984 0.61 10.57 10.66 8
3 200 31% 38.9% 790 0.25 6.81 #N/A 8
4 1,219 188% 165.4% 1,134 1.07 14.04 14.06 8
1 409 63% 69.0% 912 0.45 9.07 9.76 8
1 1,772 273% 223.1% 1,222 1.45 16.30 16.54 8
1 2,000 308% 245.7% 1,252 1.60 17.11 17.56 12
1 1,800 277% 225.9% 1,226 1.47 16.41 16.80 12
1 1,600 246% 205.6% 1,197 1.34 15.65 15.98 12
1 1,400 215% 184.7% 1,166 1.20 14.84 15.11 12
1 1,200 185% 163.3% 1,130 1.06 13.95 14.16 12
1 1,000 154% 141.1% 1,090 0.92 12.97 13.12 12
1 900 138% 129.7% 1,067 0.84 12.43 13.12 12
1 800 123% 118.1% 1,042 0.77 11.86 11.96 12
1 700 108% 106.1% 1,015 0.69 11.25 11.96 12
1 600 92% 93.8% 984 0.61 10.57 10.66 12
1 500 77% 81.1% 949 0.53 9.83 10.93 10
1 400 62% 67.8% 907 0.44 8.99 9.76 10
1 300 46% 53.9% 857 0.35 8.01 8.75 8
1 200 31% 38.9% 790 0.25 6.81 7.55 6

fcu 100 100% 1,000 0.10 4.28 4.37 4

fcu 300 100% 1,500 0.20 6.06 6.56 6

12.85 13.12 12

Page 13
 EQUAL FRICTION

PILIH UKURAN
SIZE PROPOSE OK /POOR L segmen
W (inc) R>.25 W' W" W'+W" Eq D " H (mm) W (mm) (m)

10 OK 8 0 8 9.76 250 250 9.0

8 OK 6 0 6 7.55 200 200 4.0
12 OK 10 0 10 9.76 200 300 4.0
#N/A #N/A #N/A 0 #N/A #N/A 200 #N/A 4.0
22 OK 20 0 20 13.48 200 550 4.0
10 OK 8 0 8 8.75 200 250 4.0
32 POOR 30 0 30 16.09 200 800 4.0
22 OK 20 0 20 16.80 300 550 4.0
20 OK 18 0 18 15.98 300 500
18 OK 16 0 16 15.11 300 450
16 OK 14 0 14 14.16 300 400
14 OK 12 0 12 13.12 300 350
12 OK 10 0 10 11.96 300 300
12 OK 10 0 10 11.96 300 300
10 OK 8 0 8 10.66 300 250
10 OK 8 0 8 10.66 300 250
8 OK 6 0 6 9.14 300 200
10 OK 8 0 8 9.76 250 250
8 OK 6 0 6 8.40 250 200
8 OK 6 0 6 7.55 200 200
8 OK 6 0 6 6.56 150 200

4 OK 0 0 0 - 100 100 9.0

6 OK #N/A 0 #N/A #N/A 150 150 9.0

12 700

Page 14
EQUAL FRICTION

66.7375 67.3625 68.6375

53.39 53.89 54.91

11,746 11,856 12,080

35,682

53.39

Page 15
 EQUAL FRICTION

COBA_COBA UKURAN -EQD

L eq. fttng L segmen L total STAR.VEL FINAL VEL AREA DUCT DIA SIZE PROPOSE
(ft) final (ft) (ft) Vs fpm Vf fpm (sqft) (in.) H (inc) W (inc)

30.00 29.52 59.52 1,000 10.93 10 10

13.12 13.12 1,000 871 8.75 40 28
13.12 13.12 871 984 10.66 38 26
13.12 13.12 984 790 #N/A 36 24
13.12 13.12 790 1,134 14.06 34 22
13.12 13.12 1,134 912 9.76 30 20
13.12 13.12 912 1,222 16.54 24 18
13.12 13.12 1,222 1,252 17.56 18 14

30.00 29.52 59.52 1,000 4.37 4 4

30.00 29.52 59.52 1,500 6.56 6 6

Page 16
 EQUAL FRICTION
Dp = 0,03*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82*100 regain dari initial duct s/d final outet = 0,75*((
Dp = in wg/100ft, L=ft, d in , V fpm
OBA UKURAN -EQD regain dari initial duct s/d final outet = 0,75*((Vs/4005)^2-(Vf/4005)^2)
SIZE PROPOSE FRIC.LSS FRIC.LSS Regain TOT S.P LS TOT S.P LS operating pressure outlet
Eq D (in.wg/100') (seg in.wg) (in.wg) (in.wg) (in.wg) (in.wg) (in.wg)

10.93 0.15 0.0869 0.0869

36.44 0.15 0.0195 0.0195
34.21 0.15 0.0192 0.0192
31.97 #N/A #N/A #N/A
29.72 0.13 0.0177 #N/A (0.0134) 0.15
26.64 0.14 0.0186 0.0142 0.00
22.66 0.13 0.0166 (0.0207) 0.04
17.32 0.12 0.0162 (0.0023) 0.02

4.37 0.45 0.2657 0.2657

6.56 0.57 0.3388 0.3388

Page 17
 EQUAL FRICTION
ri initial duct s/d final outet = 0,75*((Vs/4005)^2-(Vf/4005)^2)

total static pressure at fan discharge

operating pressure outlet
(in.wg)

#N/A

Page 18
PRESSURE LOSS TYPE FLEXAL AA-2 INC WQ/100FT
Dp =( 0,03*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82)*1,74
L= feet, d = inch , Vf = fpm ; Dp = inc WQ PA/M MM/M INC WQ/M INC WQ/100FT
d = (4*Qf/(pi()*Vf))^0,5*12 12.500 1.275 0.050 1.530

VOLUME M3/HR CFM

DIAMETER DUCT 200 500 1000
MM INC 118 294 588
100 4 1.49 7.90 27.90
150 6 0.21 1.10 3.89
200 8 0.05 0.27 0.96
250 10 0.02 0.09 0.32
315 12 0.01 0.04 0.13
355 14 0.00 0.02 0.06
400 16 0.00 0.01 0.03
450 18 0.00 0.01 0.02
500 20 0.00 0.00 0.01

TABEL KECEPATAN ALIR (M/S) PADA FLEXIBLE DUCT

VOLUME M3/HR
DUCT DIA MM 200 500 1000
100 7.07 17.68 35.37
150 3.14 7.86 15.72
200 1.77 4.42 8.84
250 1.13 2.83 5.66
315 0.71 1.78 3.56
355 0.56 1.40 2.81
400 0.44 1.11 2.21
450 0.35 0.87 1.75
500 0.28 0.71 1.41

KESIMPULAN PRESSURE LOSS LEWAT FLEXIBLE DUCT =1,74 X UNTUK KE BJLS

WQ/100FT
L= feet, d = inch , Vf = fpm ; Dp = inc WQ
Dp = 0,03*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82 = SPR = 0,5*((Vs/4005)^2-(Vf/4005)^2)
Vs^2 - Vf^2 = 0,03*0,9*(1/1000)^1,82*2*4005^2*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf)^1,82
d = (4*Qf/(pi()*Vf))^0,5*12
Vs^2 - Vf^2 = 0,03*0,9*(1/1000)^1,82*2*4005^2*L/(4*Qf/pi()/Vf*144)^(0,5*1,22)*(Vf)^1,82
Vs^2 - Vf^2 = 0,03*0,9*(1/1000)^1,82*2*4005^2*(pi()/4)^(0,5*1,22)*L/(Qf/Vf*144)^(0,5*1,22)*(Vf)^1,8
Vs^2 - Vf^2 = 0,03*0,9*(1/1000)^1,82*2*4005^2*(pi()/4)^(0,5*1,22)*L/(Qf)^0,61*Vf^0,61*(Vf)^1,82
Vs^2 - Vf^2 = 0,03*0,9*(1/1000)^1,82*2*4005^2*(pi()/4)^(0,5*1,22)*(1/144)^0,61*L/(Qf)^0,61*Vf^2,43
kontt = 0.1250
Vs^2-Vf^2=0,1250*L/(Qf)^0,61*Vf^2,43
Vs^2=Vf^2+0,1250*Vf^2,43*L/(Qf)^0,61
Dp = 0,03*0,9*L/(d)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82
Vs L/Qf^0,61 Vf Dp = 0,03*0,9*L/((4*Qf/pi()/Vf)^,5)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82
#REF! #REF! eq friq
#REF! #REF! 255 L Qf d (inc)
#REF! #REF! 256 #REF! #REF! #REF!
#REF! #REF! 257
#REF! #REF! 258
#REF! #REF! 259
#REF! #REF! 260
#REF! #REF! 261
#REF! #REF! 262
#REF! #REF! 263
#REF! #REF! 264
#REF! #REF! 265
#REF! #REF! 266
#REF! #REF! 267
#REF! #REF! 268
#REF! #REF! 269
#REF! #REF! 270
#REF! #REF! 271
#REF! #REF! 272
#REF! #REF! 273
#REF! #REF! 274
#REF! #REF! 275
 ref : AC Samuel e ft e mm e/d
Dp = f*L/D*(Vm/1096)^2*da tube cu 0.000005 0.001524 2E-06
da + density of air lb/ft3 (0,075 lb/ft ci p 0.00015 0.04572 5E-05
Dp = f*L/D*(Vm/4005)^2 gip 0.0005 0.1524 2E-04
rivet 0.01 3.048 3E-03
dari cart f u/t R 4000 s/d 30000 didapat u/t galvanized shet (f=0,024-0.04) ut rivet (0,03-0,042)

(Vf/1000)^1,82
)/Vf)^,5)^1,22*(Vf/1000)^1,82

Vf fpm Vs fpm Dp SPR

#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!