Question 12.

2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → 2NH3 + CaCl2 + 2H2O

As we have been given 100 g of NH4Cl and 100 g of Ca(OH)2.We must first decide which one of these is a limiting
reactant then we can find mass and volume of NH3.

Lets calculate the mass of Ca(OH)2 from NH4Cl:

Step 1:
Moles of NH4Cl = 100/53.5 = 1.9 moles
Step 2:
2 moles of NH4Cl reacts with 1 mole of Ca(OH)2
1 mole of NH4Cl reacts with 1/2 mole of Ca(OH)2
1 moles of NH4Cl reacts with 0.5 mole of Ca(OH)2
1.9 moles of NH4Cl reacts with 0.5 x 1.9 mole of Ca(OH)2
1.9 moles of NH4Cl reacts with 0.95 mole of Ca(OH)2
Step 3:
Mass of Ca(OH)2 = 0.95 x 74 = 70.3 g
Here 74 is the molar mass of Ca(OH)2 and we can see that out of 100 g of Ca(OH)2 only 70.3 g shall be needed to fully
consume 100 g of NH4Cl. So which reactant consume completely? NH4Cl is the limiting reactant.
Lets calculate the mass and volume of NH3 now:

Step 1:
Moles of NH4Cl = 100/53.5 = 1.9 moles
Step 2:
2 moles of NH4Cl gives 2 mole of NH3
1 moles of NH4Cl gives 2/2 mole of NH3
1 moles of NH4Cl gives 1 mole of NH3
1.9 moles of NH4Cl gives 1.9 mole of NH3
Step 3:
Mass of NH3 = 1.9 x 17 = 32.3 g Answer 1
Volume of NH3 = 1.9 x 22.4 = 42.56 dm3 Answer 2