Prove that ∇(∇. 𝐴⃗) − ∇2 𝐴⃗ = ∇𝑋∇𝑋𝐴⃗ for both rectangular and cylindrical system.

Prove that ∇𝑋(𝑉𝐴⃗) = 𝑉(∇𝑋𝐴⃗) + ∇𝑉𝑋𝐴⃗ for both rectangular and cylindrical system.

A uniform plane wave of frequency 1MHz travels in a large block of copper, for which 𝜎 = 5.8𝑋107
S/m 𝜀𝑟 = 1, 𝜇𝑟 = 1. Find the following:

a. Attenuation constant and phase shift constant.

b. Intrinsic impedance of copper at 1MHz.

c. The velocity of propagation and wavelength at 1MHz.

Write the time domain expressions for the fields if the incident electric field is 𝐸 𝑖 = 100 cos(𝜔𝑡 −
6𝜋𝑥) 𝑎𝑦 (V/m). Find the average power transmitted through a 4 𝑚2 area of the surface.