J U LY 3 0 , 2 0 1 9

EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS
EARTHQUAKES
EARTHQUAKE
A FEEBLE SHAKING TO VIOLENT
TREMBLING OF THE GROUND
PRODUCED BY THE SUDDEN
DISPLACEMENT OF ROCK
M AT E R I A L S B E L O W T H E E A R T H
S U R FA C E .
TYPES OF EARTHQUAKES
• Tectonic earthquakes - generated by the sudden
displacement along faults in the solid and rigid layer of
the earth

• Volcanic earthquakes - induced by rising lava or

magma beneath active volcanoes.
F A U LT
REFERS TO A
FRACTURE, FISSURE
OR A ZONE OF
WEAKNESS WHERE
MOVEMENT OR
DISPLACEMENT HAS
O C C U R E D O R M AY
OCCUR AGAIN
F A U LT
A C T I V E F A U LT - H A S A
HISTORICAL AND
CONTEMPORARY
S E I S M I C I T Y, H A S
E V I D E N C E O F F A U LT
SLIP BASED ON
DISPLACED ROCKS OR
SOIL UNITS OF KNOWN
AGE AND DISPLACED
LANDFORMS

-HAS MOVED WITHIN

THE LAST 10,000
YEARS
 E A R T H Q U A K E - R E L AT E D H A Z A R D S

GROUND SHAKING
DISRUPTIVE UP-
DOWN AND
S I D E W AY S
MOVEMENT OR
MOTION
EXPERIENCED
DURING AN
EARTQUAKE.
 E A R T H Q U A K E - R E L AT E D H A Z A R D S

GROUND RUPTURE
DISPLACEMENT
ON THE
GROUND DUE
TO MOVEMENT
O F F A U LT
 E A R T H Q U A K E - R E L AT E D H A Z A R D S

TSUNAMI
S E A W A V E S R E S U LT I N G F R O M T H E
DISTURBANCE OF OCEAN FLOOR
BY AN EARTHQUAKE
 E A R T H Q U A K E - R E L AT E D H A Z A R D S

L I Q U E FA C T I O N
IS A PROCESS
T H AT T R A N S F O R M S
T H E B E H AV I O R O F
A BODY OF
SEDIMENTS FROM
T H AT O F A S O L I D
T O T H AT O F A
LIQUID WHEN
SUBJECTED TO
E X T R E M E LY
INTENSE SHAKING
 E A R T H Q U A K E - R E L AT E D H A Z A R D S

EARTHQUAKE-
INDUCED LANDSLIDE

FA I L U R E S I N
STEEP OR
H I L LY S L O P E S
TRIGGERED BY
AN
EARTHQUAKE
 E A R T H Q U A K E - R E L AT E D H A Z A R D S
I M PA C T S
Earthquake-
Ground Ground
Group Tsunami Induced
Shaking Rupture
Landslides

Meaning

Leader

Asst. Leader

Member 1