Taipei 101 Data

You might also like

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 26

A few Taipei 101 facts surprise people, but none more than the existence of Summit 101 -- a

"secret" VIP club purported to exist on the 101st floor of the building.

The Taipei 101 tower in Taipei, Taiwan, was the world's tallest building from 2004 until
2010 when it was beaten out by Dubai's impressive Burj Khalifa. Regardless, Taipei 101 is still
considered the tallest green building in the world for its innovative and energy-saving design.
Even the 2015-2016 New Year's Eve firework's show was nature themed.

Rich with symbolism and tradition, Taipei's iconic landmark is a standing monument to ancient
feng shui traditions and modern architecture.

Before heading to Taiwan, read some Taipei travel essentials to know what to expect.

Taipei 101 Specifications

 Height: 1,667 feet (508 meters) as measured from the ground to the tip of the spire on
top.
 Highest Occupied Floor: 1,437 feet (438 meters).
 Number of Floors: 101 (an additional five basement floors are underground).
 Outside Observation Deck: 91st floor.
 Construction Cost: US $1.8 billion.

Symbolism and Design

Even the neighborhood and sculptures in the park surrounding Taipei 101 are meant to support
the tower's feng shui and to prevent positive energy from escaping. The park is round to
reinforce the idea that the tower is a giant sundial. From the shape of entrances to curving
surfaces and colors, the landmark is designed to symbolize prosperity and good fortune.

To some onlookers, Taipei 101 looks like a stack of Western-style Chinese food carryout boxes
(traditional oyster pails), however, the tower is meant to represent a stalk of bamboo reaching
into the sky to connect heaven and earth.

The 101 floors represent adding one to the number 100, which is considered perfect and
auspicious in Chinese culture. In other words, even better than perfect! The eight sections of the
tower are a nod to the auspicious number eight, which represents abundance and good fortune in
Chinese culture.

Because four is considered an unlucky number in superstition, having a 44th floor was purposely
avoided by creating a floor 42a to bump the 43rd floor into that position.
Chloe Giroux / TripSavvy

Interesting Facts About Taipei 101

 When it opened in 2004, the Taipei 101 tower beat the twin Petronas Towers in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, by a height of 184 feet for the title of "tallest building in the world."
 It is owned by the Taipei Financial Center Corporation.
 Taipei 101 is symbolically boasted as the tallest sundial in the world; the circle-shaped
park around the tower adds to the effect.
 There are 61 elevators inside of the tower. Each elevator has atmospheric controls to keep
passengers' ears from popping.
 The two fastest elevators inside Taipei 101 moves at an astonishing speed of 37.7 miles
per hour (55.2 feet per second); they were once the fastest in the world. Reaching the
89th floor from ground level only takes around 44 seconds!

 French climber Alain Robert, nicknamed the "French Spider-Man," climbed Taipei 101
legally on Christmas Day in 2004. He had already climbed the Eiffel Tower, Empire
State Building, and many of the world's tallest structures; the climb took four hours to
complete.
 Austrian Felix Baumgartner, best known for breaking the sound barrier during his 2012
space jump, did an illegal base jump from Taipei 101's outside observation deck on the
91st floor in 2007.
 The parking area in the basement of Taipei 101 is 893,000 square feet (82,962 square
meters) and can accommodate more than 1,800 vehicles -- don't forget where you parked!

 Taipei 101 cycles through seven different colors (each with symbolic meaning) with a
new color for each day of the week.

The History of Taipei 101

Construction on the Taipei 101 tower began in 1999 after two years of planning; work concluded
in 2004. The ground-breaking ceremony was held on January 13, 1999, and the tower opened to
the public on December 31, 2004. Construction was delayed for only a week during a
catastrophic earthquake in 2002 that caused five deaths at the site after a construction crane
plummeted to the street below.

Taipei 101 surpassed Malaysia's iconic Petronas Towers to grab the title of "tallest inhabited
skyscraper." At the same time, the tower took the record for "highest inhabited floor" from the
Willis Tower (formerly known as the Sears Tower) in Chicago.

The chief architect for Taipei 101 was Chinese-born C.Y. Lee; he received his master's degree
from Princeton University in New Jersey, USA.

Construction Caveats
The Taipei 101 tower had to be constructed with more than just beauty and symbolism in mind;
Taiwan is regularly subjected to powerful typhoons and regional earthquakes. According to the
designers, the tower can withstand winds of up to 134 miles per hour and the strongest
earthquakes on modern record.

To survive potentially destructive forces of nature, Taipei 101 incorporates a steel pendulum --
the largest and heaviest damper in the world -- suspended through the core of the building
between the 92nd and 87th floors of the structure. The suspended sphere weighs 1.45 million
pounds (659,523 kilograms) and sways freely to offset the movement of the building itself.
Visitors can see the aesthetically shaped pendulum in action from a restaurant and the
observation decks.

The anti-sway system passed a real-life test during Taiwan's 6.8-magnitude earthquake in 2002
while the tower was still under construction.

What Is Inside the Taipei 101 Tower?

Taipei 101 is home to scores of tenants including communications companies, banks, motor
companies, consulting groups, and financial companies. Some notable tenants include Google
Taiwan on the 73rd floor, L'Oreal' -- the world's largest cosmetic company, and the Taiwan
Stock Exchange.

The tower is also home to a library, fitness center, a shopping mall with over 828,000 square feet
of shops, and all the expected retail and restaurant chains.

Taipei 101 Observation Decks

Taipei 101 has an indoor observatory (89th floor) that provides 360-degree views of Taipei, as
well as the opportunity to view the wind damper on the 88th floor. Stairs go up to the 91st floor
outside observation deck which is open when weather permits. The record-breaking wind
damper can be viewed from the indoor observatory. Food, drinks, souvenirs, and voice tours are
available for purchase.

 Open daily from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m.


 Tickets are available at the entrance located in the mall on the 5th floor.
 Ticket sales stop at 9:15 p.m.
 Adult entrance for indoor decks: NT $600 (around US $20).
 Outdoor observation deck (only open when weather permits) is included in the base
ticket.

Appropriate dress and footwear are required to visit Taipei 101's observatories -- don't wear flip-
flops!

The Summit 101 Club


Perhaps most interesting of Taipei 101's inhabitants is Summit 101 -- a secretive, exclusive VIP
club purported to exist on the 101st floor of the tower. Aside from once being listed in the tower
brochure, the club is shrouded in secrecy and is unreachable via the regular elevators.

Despite widespread publicity and millions of visitors a year that come to see the tower, no one is
really sure what goes on up there! The irony is that millions of people from around the world
stare at the top of the tower on New Year's Eve as Taipei 101's spectacular fireworks shows are
broadcasted internationally.

Only in 2014 was a TV film crew finally allowed inside of the Summit 101 club; its existence
was publicly acknowledged. Rumor has it that only foreign dignitaries, special VIPs, and people
who spend a hefty sum in the mall are invited to the top for the best view of the city.

The 101st floor is divided into different sections, so speculation still exists that the public hasn't
seen all that there is to know about the secret floor.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Taipei 101 - A case-study

TAIPEI 101 - A structural marvel created by combining the best of all structural systems.

SOME BASIC INFORMATION

 Architect – C.Y.Lee & Partners


 Structural Engineer – Shaw Shieh
 Structural Consult. – Thornton-Tomasetti Engineers, New York City
 Year Started – June 1998 (Mall already open)
 Total Height – 508m
 No. of Floors – 101
 Plan Area – 50m X 50m
 Cost – $ 700 million
 Building Use – Office Complex + Mall
 Parking - 83,000 m2, 1800 cars
 Retail - Taipei 101 Mall (77,033 m2)
 Offices - Taiwan Stock Exchange (198,347 m2)

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE

 Structure depicts a bamboo stalk


o Youth and Longevity
o Everlasting Strength
 Pagoda Style
o Eight prominent sections
o Chinese lucky number “8”
o In China, 8 is a homonym for prosperity
o Even number = “rhythm and symmetry”

BUILDING FRAME

 Materials
o 60ksi Steel
o 10,000 psi Concrete
 Systems
o Outrigger Trusses
o Moment Frames
o Belt Trusses
 Lateral Load Resistance
o Braced Moment Frames in the building’s core
o Outrigger from core to perimeter
o Perimeter Moment Frames
o Shear walls
 Basement and first 8 floors

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
 380 piles with 3 inch concrete slab.
 Mega columns- 8 cm thick steel & 10,000 psi concrete infill to provide for overturning.
 Walls - 5 & 7 degree slope.
 106,000 tons of steel, grade 60- 25% stronger.
 6 cranes on site – steel placement.
 Electrical & Mechanical.
 Curtain wall placement.

CHALLENGES FACED
 Taipei being a coastal city the problems present are:
o Weak soil conditions (The structures tend to sink).
o Typhoon winds (High lateral displacement tends to topple structures).
o Large potential earthquakes (Generates shear forces).

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

 Braced core with belt trusses.

FOUNDATION

 The building is a pile through clay rich soil to bedrock 40 – 60 m below.


 The plies are topped by a foundation slab which is 3m thick at the edges and up to 5m thick
under the largest of columns.
 There are a total of 380 1.5m dia. Tower piles.

COLUMN SYSTEM
Photos of Site during Construction
 Gravity loads are carried vertically by a variety of columns.
 Within the core, sixteen columns are located at the crossing points of four lines of bracing in
each direction.
 The columns are box sections constructed of steel plates, filled with concrete for added strength
as well as stiffness till the 62nd floor.
 On the perimeter, up to the 26th floor, each of the four building faces has two ‘supercolumns,’
two ‘sub-super-columns,’ and two corner columns.
 Each face of the perimeter above the 26th floor has the two ‘super-columns’ continue upward.
 The ‘super-columns’ and ‘sub-super-columns’ are steel box sections, filled with 10,000 psi (M70)
high performance concrete on lower floors for strength and stiffness up to the 62nd floor.
TYPICAL PLAN UP TO 26TH STOREY

TYPICAL PLAN FROM 27TH TO 91ST STOREY

LATERAL LOADING SYSTEM


For additional core stiffness, the lowest floors from basement to the 8th floor have concrete shear
walls cast between core columns in addition to diagonal braces.

 The most of the lateral loads will be resisted by a combination of braced cores, cantilevers from
the core to the perimeter, the super columns and the Special moment resisting frame (SMRF).
 The cantilevers (horizontal trussed from the core to the perimeter) occur at 11 levels in the
structure. 5 of them are double storey high and the rest single storey.
 16 of these members occur on each of such floors.
 The balance of perimeter framing is a sloping Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF), a rigidly-
connected grid of stiff beams and H shape columns which follows the tower’s exterior wall slope
down each 8 story module.
 At each setback level, gravity load is transferred to ‘super-columns’ through a story-high
diagonalized truss in the plane of the SMRF.
 Above the 26th floor, only two exterior super-columns continue to rise up to the 91st floor, so
the SMRF consists of 600 mm deep steel wide flange beams and columns, with columns sized to
be significantly stronger than beams for stability in the event of beam yielding.
 Each 7-story of SMRF is carried by a story-high truss to transfer gravity and cantilever forces to
the super-columns, and to handle the greater story stiffness of the core at cantilever floors.

FLOOR SLAB (STRUCTURAL DIAPHRAGMS)

 Slabs are composite in nature and are typically 13.5 cms thick.

CORE

 Within the core, sixteen columns are located at the crossing points of four lines of bracing in
each direction.

DAMPING SYSTEMS
 The main objective of such a system is to supplement the structures damping to dissipate
energy and to control undesired structural vibrations.
 A common approach is to add friction or viscous damping to the joints of the buildings to
stabilize the structural vibration.
 A large number of dampers may be needed in order to achieve effective damping when the
movements of the joints are not sufficient to contribute to energy absorption.

ENERGY SINK DAMPING SYSTEMS

 These are one of the latest damping systems available - called Tuned Mass Damper.
 These take excess energy away from the primary structure.

TUNED MASS DAMPERS


 A TMD is a passive damping system, which consists of a spring, a viscous damping device, and a
secondary mass attached to the vibrating structure.
 By varying the characteristics of the TMD system, an opportunity is given to control the vibration
of the primary structure and to dissipate energy in the viscous element of the TMD.

TMD USED IN TAIPEI 101

 The Taipei 101 uses a 800 ton TMD which occupy 5 of its upper floors (87 – 91).
 The ball is assembled on site in layers of 12.5-cm-thick steel plate. It is welded to a steel cradle
suspended from level 92 by 3” cables, in 4 sets of 2 each.
 Eight primary hydraulic pistons, each about 2 m long, grip the cradle to dissipate dynamic
energy as heat.
 A roughly 60-cm-dia pin projecting from the underside of the ball limits its movement to about 1
m even during times of the strongest lateral forces.
 The 60m high spire at the top has 2 smaller ‘flat’ dampers to support it.

STRUCTURAL INNOVATIONS IN OTHER TAIPEI BUIDINGS


 The structural systems used in Taipei 101 draw a lot from other buildings in the Taipei region.
 They can generally be classified into 2 types

a) Hysteretic Dampers
- Triangular Added stiffness and damping damper (TADAS)
- Reinforced ADAS damper (RADAS)
- Buckling Restrained Braces (BRB)
- Low Yield Steel Shear Panel (LYSSP)

b) Velocity Dampers
- Visco - Elastic dampers (VE)
- Viscous Dampers (VD)
- Viscous Damping Walls (VDW)

 Currently, there have been more applications using viscous dampers than other velocity type
dampers.
 This may be due to the facts that the design procedure for implementing the viscous damper is
relatively simpler and the analytical model is available in the popular computational tools such
as SAP2000 and ETABS.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Introduction

Although in their original plans was a building of 88 storeys, with about 400 meters, the design
of Taipei was amended so that it could hold its title of world’s largest.

“The building was in its initial design of 88 apartments in principle but was not among the
highest in the world, rose to 100 floors with 488 meters high, but none came to building the 500
meters, was increased to 101 flats with 508 meters, “says the engineer.

This tower is located on the block that make up the street and Sonchiz Avenue Hsinyi, in Taipei.
The land of about 30,277 square meters, is owned by the municipality of Taipei, who ceded it to
the construction company, through a concession contract to 70 years. Besides the top 101, the
building has five floors that serve as underground parking. Opened in July 2003, the building is
divided into two parts, one tower and a larger multi-building complex. The upper part consists of
six levels for commercial plazas, and from the seventh to the top floor are reserved for
commercial offices.

Concept

How to design Taipei 101 represents the bucket of rice that is sold in that city, with the smallest
base was down, leading to a phased symmetry. In total, the building is composed of eleven
cubes. Each cube is a module of eight floors, where the first is reserved for equipment and
machinery maintenance of each module.

Structure

The resistance of the building structure is based on 8 sidebars, and 16 central columns. The latter
form a mega structure through which passes the elevator. The columns are a hybrid of metal and
concrete. The size of the steel columns is 3.6 meters wide, 3.4 x 3 meters long and have a
thickness of 80 millimeters of steel.

The body of the columns are filled with reinforced concrete, to achieve greater endurance. Part
of the circular building is made up of “mega mega columns and beams,” and to link the two is
made, every eight floors, the central columns interlocked with the side through the rafters. For
the unions are performed some cuts in the beams, which allows better stabilize the peso and
dissipate energy in cases of landslides, so that the walls are cracking. In the main part of the
building will also add about 30 meters of columns, which can penetrate to the rocky terrain. In
this part of the support, adding a total of 601 underground columns of 1.5 meters in diameter,
plus another 16 support columns in the commercial part of Taipei. To distribute the load of the
building, engineers built a concrete platform in the middle of 3.5 meters thick and at the
periphery of 4.7 meters and on the sides of 3.5 meters. “The columns are based on the platform
and it in turn distributes the load on the columns of support to ground level,” said Shi Ying Kan,
during his recent visit to the Dominican Republic.

Security

“One thing that is envisaged is that the deaths in fires, which burn more are choking, so the
building is at the top of each cube a corridor of about two meters to enable people to leave.” In
addition to the floor machinery of each module includes a reserve of water, enough to attend the
eight floors.

Wind Damper

Damper wind

Can withstand earthquakes of up to 7 degrees on the Richter scale and winds of over 450km / h.
The major absorption capacity of this structure lies in a wind damper with metal plates of 660
tonnes which is installed on the floor 89, this is the larger and heavier worldwide. It is divided
into 8 segments, 8 floors, and is the only buffer that is visible to the general public.

Besides 8 supercolumnas grip on what the base, built in reinforced concrete and steel, embrace it
to the floor 26, while 32 other columns rises to the plant 62. The cuts at the corners diminish the
force of the wind and a complex mesh of steel it embraces forming a belt that makes a narrowing
in the bottom of the building and the plant reaches 34. A giant ball of steel, 680 tons is
suspended from his upper residing on the floor 92 and serves as a counterweight against
mechanical vibrations, absorbing energy and limiting the oscillations.

The Elevators

TOSHIBA gave the company to build the tallest building in the world the technology needed to
incorporate the world’s fastest elevators to reach a speed of 1010 meters per minutes carrying 30
people from the plant 5 to 89 in less than 40 seconds.

Besides the lifts are equipped with the latest technology in ermetismo fences similar to that used
in aircraft to ensure maximum comfort for users during their use.

EARTHQUAKES

HORNG according to the geologist Cheng Lin, of National Taiwan Normal University, will also
be run by the quake area of Taiwan. Taiwan is located on a geological fault, so it has always had
earthquakes. But in October 2004 and March 2005, two earthquakes of 3.8 and 3.2 degrees on
the Richter scale had its epicenter just below the building. Coincidence? The geologist suggested
that the 700,000 tonnes of the building have moved this effort vertical to the upper layer of the
earth.

This extra pressure that is going to fail, it would trigger those responsible for the tremors. But the
geologist and managers of the building did not confirm nor rule out that up to perform a full
investigation to establish what exactly the effects of the tower on the soil of Taiwan

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TAIPEI 101 Download PDF

Click an image to view larger version.


Height: Occupied
438 m / 1,437 ft Height: To Tip
508 m / 1,667 ft
Height: Architectural
508 m / 1,667 ft

Height: Observatory
391.8 m / 1,285 ft

Floors Above Ground


101
Floors Below Ground
5

# of Elevators
61

Top Elevator Speed


16.83 m/s

Tower GFA
198,347 m² / 2,134,989 ft²

Development GFA
357,719 m² / 3,850,455 ft²

# of Parking Spaces
1,839

Facts
Official Name TAIPEI 101

Structure Type Building

Status Completed

Country China

City Taipei

Street Address & Map No. 7 Xin Yi Road, District Xin Yi

Postal Code 110

Building Function office

Structural Material composite

Energy Label LEED Platinum O+M: Existing Buildings

Proposed 1997

Construction Start 1999

Completion 2004

Retrofit Start 2009

Retrofit End 2011


Official Website Taipei 101

Rankings Click arrows to view the next taller/shorter buildings


Global Ranking #9 Tallest in the World

Regional Ranking #6 Tallest in Asia

National Ranking #5 Tallest in China

City Ranking #1 Tallest in Taipei

Companies Involved
Owner/Developer Taipei Financial Center Corporation

Architect

• Design C.Y. Lee & Partners Architects/Planners

Structural Engineer

• Design Evergreen Consulting Engineering; Thornton Tomasetti

MEP Engineer

• Design Continental Engineering Consultants, Inc.

• Peer Review Lehr Engineering

Project Manager Turner International LLC

Kumagai Gumi; RSEA Engineering; Samsung C&T Corporation; Ta-You-Wei


Main Contractor
Construction; Taiwan Kumagai

Other Consultant

• Acoustics Shen Milsom Wilke, Inc.

• Building
Kinemetrics Inc.
Monitoring

• Damping RWDI; ITT Enidine

• Façade ALT Limited

• Landscape Genius Loci

• LEED EcoTech International; Siemens Building Technology; SL+A International Asia


• Lighting Theo Kondos

• Marketing Wordsearch

• Sustainability EcoTech International; Siemens Building Technology; SL+A International Asia

• Vertical
Lerch Bates
Transportation

• Wind RWDI

• (not specified) Motioneering

Material Supplier

• Cladding Permasteelisa Group

• Construction
Alimak Hek
Hoists

• Elevator Toshiba Elevator and Building Systems Corporation (TELC)

• Façade
Maintenance CoxGomyl
Equipment

• Fire Proofing Grace Construction Products

• Flooring CS Group Construction Specialties Company

• HVAC Carrier; York

• Paint/Coating Jotun

• Sealants Dow Corning Corporation

• Steel China Steel Corporation; Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation

About TAIPEI 101


Standing in the Xinyi District of Taipei, an area known for its financial services and vibrant shopping
malls, TAIPEI 101 represents a worldwide precedent for sustainable skyscraper development. It achieved
a LEED Platinum certification for Operations and Maintenance in 2011, an impressive feat for a tower of
its size and complexity.

The tower rises from its base in a series of eight-story modules that flare outward, evoking the form of a
Chinese pagoda. The top of each module houses mechanical floors that accommodate garbage systems,
ventilation equipment, water storage, and MEP services. Near the top, a smaller tower caps t… Read
more

CTBUH Initiatives

CTBUH Study Examines Tallest Buildings with Dampers


22 Aug 2018 – CTBUH Research

TAIPEI 101 Hosts "Global Tall: Trends, Drivers and Challenges"


28 Jun 2018 – Event Report

Vertical Transportation: Ascent & Acceleration


12 Sep 2017 – CTBUH Research

More Initiatives

Videos

Building on Unprecedented Performance: TAIPEI 101


3 Nov 2016 – Joseph Chou, Taipei Financial Center Corporation

Interview: TAIPEI 101


3 Nov 2016 – Joseph Chou & Freda Tsai, Taipei Financial Center Corporation

From San Diego to Guangzhou: The Story of Marketing Tall Buildings


19 Oct 2016 – William Murray, Wordsearch

More Videos

Research Papers

The Global Tall Building Picture: Impact of 2018


Jan 2019 – CTBUH Journal 2019 Issue I

World’s Tallest Buildings with Dampers


Jul 2018 – CTBUH Journal, 2018 Issue III

The Global Tall Building Picture: Impact of 2017


Feb 2018 – CTBUH Journal, 2018 Issue I

More Papers
CTBUH Awards

Performance Award 2016 Winner


CTBUH Awards 2016

Other Building Facts

Tallest building in the world 2004 - 2010. Preceded by Petronas Tower 1 and surpassed by the
Burj Khalifa.

You might also like