The researchers used the True Experimental Research, a type of Experimental

Research Design, which focuses on creating a research that has a high internal validity.

A causal or internal validity “concerns the accuracy of statements regarding cause and

effect relationships” (Mitchell, 2015). An Experimental Research Design is a method in

research that is scientific and systematic, in which “experiments are carried out to

explore the relationship between variables” (Nunan, 1992). Furthermore, a True

Experimental Research differs from the other type of Experimental Research Design,

the Quasi-Experimental Research, through one factor, a random assignment of the

samples. Random sampling is important as it makes the research more valid.

The researchers decided to use True Experimental Research, to better compare

the two media, Ebook and Traditional Books, as it offers a more accurate result and

lesser chance of external factor affecting it. Moreover, this research design is suitable to

the goal of the study, for Experimental Research Designs are effective and often used in

comparing different variables, which in this case are the two media for learning

materials.