Midos
Motor Protection Relays
Features
● Microprocessor based relay
● Self-monitoring
● Fault data acquisition
● Stores motor starting time and
current
● Stores the square of the current
interrupted by the breaker to aid
with maintenance
● Wide setting range
● Communication option available
on MOPN 02
2
Type MOPN 01, 02
Figure 1: Type MOPN 01 relay withdrawn from case.
Application and Description
The MOPN 01, 02 relays are
designed for use as main protection
for asynchronous medium voltage
motors or large synchronous low
voltage motors. They offer
comprehensive protection for motors
and are normally applied for power
ratings of 500kW and above.
The MOPN 02 relay has the
additional feature of a communication
option.
Thermal overload protection
The relay uses the thermal image
method to monitor the thermal state of
the motor. Both the positive and
negative sequence currents are
monitored; positive sequence current
monitoring the load of the motor and
negative sequence current monitoring
any phase unbalance.
The equivalent current is calculated
using the following equation:
2 2
Ie = Ithermal = I 1 + 3I2
To protect the motor against overload
and avoid unwanted tripping, three
independently adjustable time
constants are employed in the
overload curve:
Te1 Overload time constant applied
when the current is between Iθ
and 2Iθ .
Te2 Start up time constant applied
above 2Iθ.
Tr Cooling time constant applied
when the motor is stopped.
To allow some motors to be started,
the overload characteristic can be
clipped by the protection during the
required start time.
Temperature Monitoring
The relay constantly calculates the
thermal state of the motor as a
percentage of the stabilised
temperature. (The stabilised
temperature corresponds to the
thermal state of the motor with a
current equal to Iθ flowing.)
 The equation used to calculate the
thermal state of the relay is as follows:
t
τ
2 2
K –a 1
t = τlogn 2
K –1
Where
t = operating time
τ = time constant
Ie
K =
Iθ
0% Thermal state
Ie = equivalent thermal current 0.1

Iθ = thermal setting
thermal load coefficient and

I
a = motor
Iθ
Where Imotor = pre-fault current
If the temperature exceeds an
0.01
adjustable value E1, a contact opens
to inhibit any new attempts to start.
90% Thermal state
A separate contact can be used to
send an alarm if the overload exceeds
an adjustable value E2 (With the
MOPN 02 this alarm may be sent
through the OPN-Bus communications
network.)
0.001
Short Circuit Protection 1 Ie 10
Iθ
In the event of a short circuit the relay
trips in a definite time of 100ms. Figure 2: Hot/Cold operating time.

Time

Thermal overload
Time constant: Te1

Thermal overload at start up.

Time constant: Te2

Tmin Limitation of thermal

characteristic during Td
Undercurrent
Td setting

Excessive
start time

Tb1
Short circuit
Locked rotor
100
ms
Thermal
equivalent current
Imin Iθ 2Iθ Is IL Icc
Short circuit
Threshold limits
Starting current threshold
Thermal overload
Minimum current

Figure 3: Thermal characteristics.

3
Phase Unbalance, Open Phase and
10
Reverse Phasing 0.2In<I2<0.75In
An unbalance condition gives rise to
negative phase sequence current
which may cause the motor to

Operate time (seconds)

overheat. The MOPN monitors the
negative phase sequence current and
trips according to an inverse
characteristic. This means that the
slight unbalance conditions result in a
longer tripping time by the thermal
overload characteristic, while more
severe conditions such as loss of
phase will be cleared very quickly by
the negative sequence characteristic.
Earth Fault Protection
The current due to an earth fault in the
motor depends on the earthing
arrangement of the supply system.
In high impedance earthed systems,
the fault current will only be a few
amperes and, in the case of solidly
earthed systems, the earth fault current
will be a large value. For systems with
high earth fault current levels,
adequate sensitivity is achieved with
residually connected current
transformers.
To detect low earth fault currents, it is
often necessary to energise the relay
earth fault input from a core balance
transformer and to select a very
sensitive earth fault setting on the
relay. The earth fault protection unit is,
therefore, designed for use with either
residually connected current
transformers or core balance current
transformers.
For earth fault settings below 20% of
In (ie 0.2A for a 1A relay and 1A for
a 5A relay) it is recommended that the
earth fault element is supplied from a
core balance transformer. Settings of
20% In or greater may be used with
the earth fault element connected in
the residual CT circuit if a stabilising
resistor (Rs) is fitted in the neutral limb.
A suitable variable resistor, as shown
in Figure 5 is supplied with the relay.
The definite time delay is
recommended when the motor is
controlled by fused contactors or to
avoid operation during motor starting
when the relay is supplied by
residually connected current
transformers.
1
0.1
0.1
Figure 4: Phase unbalance characteristic.
Core balance transformers can be
supplied with ratios of 600:1, 80:1,
and 25:1 as required. Ring type and
split core type current transformers are
available. The type references and
dimensions for these transformers are
given in Figure 13.
In the event of an earth fault, tripping
occurs after the selected definite time.
Excessive Start Time and Rotor Stalling
If the motor is still drawing start
current after the selected normal start
time td the protection will trip. The
relay will also trip (with a selectable
definite time delay, Tb1) if after the
start up time a current exceeding the
start current threshold is detected, as
is found under rotor stall conditions.
External Trip
(External Under Voltage/Under
Frequency Protection)
It is possible to trip the relay by
applying a signal from an external
under voltage or under frequency
relay. An adjustable time delay is
provided within the relay. This
provides control of the motor and will
allow the motor to re-accelerate if the
trip condition clears. (See section on
‘Principle of operation’ for details of
motor starting and re-acceleration.)
1 10
I2/In
Minimum Current
This function allows a trip when the
current being drawn by the motor falls
below a selected threshold. It can be
used, for example, to protect electric
pumps against becoming unprimed or
to stop a motor in the event of a
failure in the mechanical transmission
system.
The trip occurs:
i. At the end of the normal start up
time td, if the current remains
below the selected setting.
ii. After an adjustable delay if the
current drops below the preset
value once td has elapsed.
Measurements
This facility makes it possible to
acknowledge a certain number of
measured variables on the display
unit :
i. phase current
ii. negative sequence current
iii. zero sequence current
iv. motor thermal state (percentage)

4
Logic Control
Starting Inhibit
It is possible to limit the frequency of
motor restarts. This is done by
selecting a maximum number of starts
over a specified period. Exceeding
this number will cause the relay to
operate the same output that is used
to inhibit the motor when the overload
percentage setting E1 is exceeded.
This function is particularly useful to
prevent the overheating of fuses or to
protect the starting system.
Latched Output Contacts
The trip output contacts can be set to
operate in a self reset or latched
manner.
Remote Control of the Motor
(MOPN 02)
Remote control commands can be sent
to the motor through the OPN-Bus to
open or close a circuit breaker.
Remote control commands are not
executed when the relay is in the local
mode.
M6 Clearance
235 Fixing centres
258
Figure 5: External stabilising resistor.
Diagnostics
Of the Relay
The use of digital technology permits
the continuous self-checking of both
the hardware and software. In the
event of any failure within the relay,
the user is immediately warned by the
closure of the watchdog relay contact
and the extinguishing of the green
LED on the front of the relay.
To prevent any false operation the
output relays are simultaneously
locked out.
Of the Fault
The relays display and store the
magnitude and type of fault.
Of the Breaker
The square amperes interrupted are
totalled each time the circuit breaker
operates on fault conditions.
This information is available on the
display to aid maintenance of the
breaker.
Of the Motor
The MOPN stores in memory the
starting time and the starting current.
M5 Fixing
5
 A

C B
Phase rotation

P2 P1 13
A
S2 S1 14
M B Positive
C sequence
5x8
A Relay
23
x 16 healthy
C B x 2 Rows
24
A Watchdog
25 RL1
C B
Start
26 Negative inhibit
RL2
sequence
27

Temperature
Micro RL3
28 32
controller
52A Start I/P 42 RL4 36
Trip
44 RL4 30
Ext. Trip I/P
RL1–1 38
Menu
scroll 40

Increment RL2–1 46
48
Decrement
RL3–1 50
Reset
52

Case earth

Case earth
1 2 29 30

3 4 31 32
5 6 33 34

7 8 35 36
9 10 37 38

11 12 39 40
13 14 41 42

15 16 43 44
17 18 45 46
Notes: (a) CT shorting links make
19 20 47 48
before (b) & (c) disconnect.
21 22 49 50 (b) Short terminals break before (c).
23 24 51 52 (c) Long terminal.
25 26 53 54

27 28 55 56

Module terminal block

viewed from rear

Figure 6: MOPN 01 Block diagram: motor protection

6
 A

C B
Phase rotation
13

A B C 14
Positive
sequence Relay
5x8 healthy
A

P1 x 16
23 x 2 Rows
S1 C B
Watchdog
S2 RL-1
24
P2 A
P1
25
S1 Start
32
C B
RL-2 inhibit
S2 26 RL4 36
P2 Negative
S1 30
27 sequence
Temperature
RL-3
28 RL1-1 38
S2
40
Micro controller Trip
52A Start I/P 42 RL-4
RL2-1 46
M 44
Ext. trip I/P 48

RL3-1 50
52

Menu
scroll

Increment
Decrement
Reset

Case earth

Case earth
1 2 29 30

3 4 31 32
5 6 33 34

7 8 35 36
9 10 37 38

11 12 39 40
13 14 41 42

15 16 43 44
17 18 45 46
Notes: 1. (a) CT shorting links make
19 20 47 48
before (b) & (c) disconnect.
21 22 49 50 (b) Short terminals break before (c).
23 24 51 52 (c) Long terminal.
25 26 53 54

27 28 55 56

Module terminal block

viewed from rear

Figure 7: MOPN 01 typical application/block diagram

7
 A

C B
Phase rotation
13

A B C 14
Positive
sequence Relay
5x8 healthy
A

P1 x 16
23 x 2 Rows
S1 C B
Watchdog
S2 RL-1
24
P2 A
P1
25
S1 Start
C B inhibit 32
RL-2
S2 26 RL4 36
P2 S1 Negative
30
27 sequence
Temperature
RL-3
28 RL1-1 38
S2
Micro controller 40
Trip
Local/Remote RL-4
31 RL2-1 46
M
33 48
Logic I/P 35
RL3-1 50
37
52
52A Start I/P 39
Remote
42 control RL5-1 41
Ext. trip I/P RL-5
44 43

Menu RL6-1 45
Remote
scroll COMMS
RL-6 control 47

Increment
Decrement
Reset

1 2 3 4 5 6 8
Case earth

Case earth
1 2 29 30

3 4 31 32
5 6 33 34

7 8 35 36
9 10 37 38

11 12 39 40
13 14 41 42

15 16 43 44
17 18 45 46
Notes: 1. (a) CT shorting links make
19 20 47 48
before (b) & (c) disconnect.
21 22 49 50 (b) Short terminals break before (c).
23 24 51 52 (c) Long terminal.
25 26 53 54

27 28 55 56

Module terminal block

viewed from rear

Figure 8: MOPN 02 typical application/block diagram

8
 A

C B
Phase rotation
13

P2 P1
14
A
S2 S1
M B Positive
C sequence
23 A Relay
healthy
5x8
C B
24 x 16 Watchdog
A
x 2 Rows RL1
25
C B Start
26 inhibit
Negative RL2
sequence
27

Temperature
28 RL3
31 Micro 32
Local/remote Trip RL4
controller RL4 36
33
30
35
Logic I/P 37 RL1–1 38
Remote 40
39 control
RL5
RL2–1 46
52A Start I/P 42
Remote
44 control 48
Ext. Trip I/P RL6
RL3–1 50

Menu 52
scroll
COMMS RL5–1 41
Case earth Increment
43
1 2 29 30
Decrement RL6–1 45
3 4 31 32
5 6 33 34 Reset 47

7 8 35 36
9 10 37 38 1 2 3 4 5 6 8
Case earth
11 12 39 40
13 14 41 42

15 16 43 44
17 18 45 46

19 20 47 48
Notes: (a) CT shorting links make
21 22 49 50 before (b) & (c) disconnect.
23 24 51 52 (b) Short terminals break before (c).

25 26 53 54 (c) Long terminal.

27 28 55 56

Module terminal block

viewed from rear

Figure 9: MOPN 02 block diagram: motor protection with communication

9
Principle of Operation.
The relay monitors two phase currents Motor
(IA and IB) and earth current (Io). current
This can be achieved by either:
i. Three line CTs residually
Is
connected 0.9I s
ii. Two line CTs and a Core Balance IL
CT
Note: Connection using core balance Time
CT is preferable where
sensitive earth fault settings are Terminal 42
required. (This is normal
practice for sensitive earth fault
relays, due to the problems of
spill current associated with
three residually connected line
CTs).
See Figures 7 and 8 for typical 50ms 150ms Time
application/block diagrams.
200ms window
An analogue filter is used to derive
the motor’s symmetrical component, Permissible start time Td
positive and negative sequence Measured time
currents. The three analogue signals
are then filtered, for anti-aliasing
Td starts when the motor current = 0.9 Is and terminal 42 = logic 1
purposes, rectified and then digitised.
The remainder of the process is then
performed in the digital domain.
The relay operates on signal peaks, Figure 10: Motor start digital input.
with the protection and control
functions being carried out at two
different speeds.
The fast tasks are:
– short circuit between phases. Motor
current
– phase unbalance
– earth faults
– stalling
Is
– external tripping
– minimum current IL

The slower tasks are:

Time
– thermal overload Permissible start time Td

– overload percentage Terminal 44

– start inhibit counter

Motor Starting/Re-acceleration.
Both relays use two digital inputs,
terminals 42 and 44, to control in Time
which part of the thermal Settable time
characteristic the relay is operating. delay T bv
Timing diagrams for starting and 50ms 3 seconds
re-acceleration logic are shown in
Figures 10 and 11 respectively. Window

Figure 11: External trip digital input.

10
Motor Starting Digital Input.
To start the motor correctly the rise in
motor current must occur within the
200ms window associated with the
appearance of a signal on terminal
42. (The 200ms window covers 50ms
pre-event and 150ms post-event.) The
motor start time is measured when
terminal 42 goes to logic state 1 and
the motor current exceeds 0.9 Is. The
motor current must drop below the
starting current threshold, Is, before
the maximum starting time Td has
elapsed, for the motor to start
successfully.
The current can drop below the
starting current threshold during the
start up time without affecting the
relay, but must settle to its steady state
value before the start time elapses.
This allows the motor to use delta star
starting, where the motor current will
drop to zero during the tap change.
Motor Re-acceleration Current.
A reduction in the external voltage is
signalled to the MOPN by the digital
input on terminal 44 going to logic 1.
When this happens a time delay Tbv is
started and unless terminal 44 goes
low again within this period, the
motor is tripped out. This external trip
may be used for load shedding
purposes and it is therefore desirable
to allow the motor to re-accelerate if
the need for the load shed clears
before the time delay Tbv has elapsed.
If terminal 44 does go low within Tbv
a window is initiated (50ms pre-event
and 3s post-event ). During this
window the relay assumes that the
motor is re-accelerating and can
therefore draw current equivalent to
that of the starting current. When the
starting current threshold is exceeded
the motor start time delay is initiated
A sudden increase in current drawn
by the motor above the starting
current threshold Is is treated as a stall
or locked rotor condition if it is not
accompanied by a signal on terminals
42 or 44. It is therefore necessary that
the motor start contact is used to
ensure the correct operation of the
relay.
OPN BUS Communications
The MOPN 02 has communication
facilities. These facilities enable the
relays to be set, to be controlled and
to pass information about the power
system state to a remote control centre
via the OPN-BUS.
Each MOPN 02 relay within a
substation is connected to a
concentrator unit via a spur off the
OPN-BUS local area network (LAN).
From the concentrator a higher level
communication link is made to a
central computer (IBM compatible
PC), which runs OPN-WORK software
to control and supervise the system.
OPN-BUS Cable.
Full duplex asynchronous data
transmission is achieved within the
OPN-BUS local area network with
+24V and 0V logic levels at 9600
Baud.
Use of Cores in the
OPN-BUS Cable
There are a total of five cores within
the OPN-BUS cable which are used
for serial lines, token ring, power
supply and screening.
There are two serial lines within the
OPN-BUS cable. The first serial line
(TS) is used for remote signalling, that
is the relay’s communication of the
occurrence of an event. Events include
operation of a protection/alarm
function, change in plant status and
the appearance/disappearance of a
relay.
The second serial line (TC) is used for
remote control, that is the issuing of
commands from the supervisory unit to
individual or groups of relays.
Commands include read/change
settings, open or close circuit
breakers/contactors, reset relays,
extract fault data and perform global
commands.
To prevent bus contention a relay
token ring is employed which utilises
two more cores within the OPN cable.
There are two additional cores of
2.5mm2 screened cable used for the
+24V and 0V power rails.
OPN-BUS Connections
Each relay is supplied with a length of
cable, either 1, 3 or 5 metres in
length; which is terminated at both
ends with the required connector for
the rear of the relay and the TCOB
connector. These OPN-BUS spurs are
connected to the main OPN-BUS local
area network (LAN) by a DIN rail
mounted TCOB connector block.
The TCOB block is available in two
versions.
i. TCOB 1 - For connection of
1 OPN/TX to the LAN.
ii. TCOB 5 - For connection of up to
5 OPN’s/TX’s to the LAN.
OPN-BUS Token Ring.
The token, a +24V pulse is initially
generated by the concentrator and
passed to the first relay spur along the
bus. If that relay requires to transmit
data, it retains the token and then
proceeds to transmit. When
transmission is completed the token is
passed on to the second relay. If this
relay has information to transmit it
also retains the token, otherwise it
immediately passes the token down
the bus to the next relay spur. Finally
the last relay receives the token and
when it has finished any transmission,
the token is returned to the
concentrator, and the procedure is
repeated.
The action of withdrawing a relay
from its case causes a switch within
the case to close completing the OPN-
BUS.
The advantage of using the token ring
method of communication is the speed
at which the relays are able to convey
information to the higher level; as the
relays only keep the token if they
require to transmit some information.
This is faster than polling each relay
in turn from the higher level and then
waiting for the relay to confirm
whether it has any information to
transmit.
11
 Technical Data.

Ratings
AC current Phase: In = 1A or 5A.
Earth: Ion = 1A or 5A.
Frequency: 50/60Hz.
DC supply (Vx) 24V, 30V, 48V, 60V, 110V, 125V,
220V, 250V.
Operative range 0.8 to 1.1 Vx.

Current Transformer Ratio (Primary Rating)

Phase and earth fault CTs 5A to 5000A in varying step sizes.

Thermal Overload
Thermal current I 0.6 to 1.2 In in steps of 0.02 In.

Time Constants
Te1 (overload) 4 to 64 minutes in 1 minute steps.
Te2 (start-up) 0.5 Te1 to Te1 in steps of 0.1 Te1.
Tr (cooling) Te1 to 5 Te1 in steps of Te1.

Characteristic Limit
Threshold limit IL 2 Iθ to 5 Iθ, plus “off” position.

Overheat Percentage
Starting inhibit threshold E1 40% to 80% in 5% steps, plus “off”
position.
Overheat alarm threshold E2 80% to 100% in 5% steps.
Delay 100ms.

Phase Short Circuit

Current Icc 3 to 12.5 In in steps of 0.5 In plus
“off” position (for use with fuses).

Earth Short Circuit

Current Io 0.05 to 0.5 Ion in steps of 0.05 Ion
plus off position.
Delay to 60ms to 100ms in steps of 20ms.
100ms to 1.2 seconds in steps of
50ms.

Phase Unbalance
Current I2 0.2 to 0.75 In in steps of 0.05 In
plus off position.

Excessive Start Time and Rotor Stalling

Normal starting time Td 2 to 200s.
Starting current threshold Is 1.5 to 3.0 Iθ in steps of 0.5 Iθ
plus off position.
Delay for rotor stall during running,
Tb1 0.2 to 5s in steps of 0.2s.
plus off position.

Minimum Current
Current setting Imin 0.3 to 0.9 In in steps of 0.1 In
plus off position.
Delay setting, Tmin 2 to 20s in steps of 2s.

12
Number of Starts Limitation
Authorised number of starts during
time Tref
Time Tref
Start inhibit time Tint
1 to 4, plus off position.
15 to 60 minutes in steps of 5
minutes.
15 to 60 minutes in steps of 5
minutes.

Delay following External Trip Order

Delay Tbv 60ms to 80ms in 20ms steps.
80ms to 1s in 50ms steps.
1s to 2s in 100ms steps.
2s to 4s in 200ms steps.
4s to 15s in 1s steps.
15s to 30s in 5s steps.
30s to 60s in 10s steps.
60s to 120s in 20s steps.
Off position.

Setting Accuracy
Thresholds ±5%
Time delays ±5% for T≤ 0.4s
±20ms for T> 0.4s
except for thermal replica (cold curve)
±20% for 2Iθ <Ie <10Iθ
Measurements Class 5 at In

Output Contacts
Current rating 30A for 500 ms.
5A continuously.

Contacts
Make and carry for 0.2s 7500VA subject to maxima of 30A
and 300V ac or dc
Carry continuously 5A ac or dc
Break ac 1250VA
dc 50W resistive
25W L/R = 0.04s
subject to maxima of
5A and 300V
Durability
Loaded contact 10,000 operations minimum.
Unloaded contact 100,000 operations minimum.

Earth fault stabilising resistor When using a residual CT connection

the stabilising resistor supplied with
the relay should be fitted in the neutral
limb.
For 1A relays 0 – 100Ω
For 5A relays 0 – 24Ω
See Figure 5 for outline

Core balance current transformers For sensitive earth fault protection,

either ring or split core type core
balance current transformers of ratios
600:1, 80:1, and 25:1 can be
supplied.

13
 Inputs from core balance CTs
Burdens
Phase Inputs In = 5A <0.3VA to In
In = 1A <0.1VA to In
Ground Input Ion = 5A <0.1VA to 0,5Ion
Ion = 5A <0.01VA to 0,1Ion
Ion = 1A <0.035VA to 0,5Ion
Ion = 1A <0.004VA to 0,1Ion
Recommended transformers
Phase inputs 5VA 5P 10
Ground input Residual connection on phase CT or
preferably, core circuit (see Figure 6).

Overload withstand capacity 80In for 1s

High voltage withstand
Dielectric withstand
IEC 255-5: 1977
High voltage impulse
IEC 255-5: 1977
Electrical environment
High frequency disturbance
IEC 255-22-1: 1988 Class III
Atmospheric environment
Temperature
IEC 255-6: 1988
IEC 68-2-1: 1990
IEC 68-2-2: 1974
Humidity
IEC 68-2-3: 1969
Enclosure protection
IEC 529: 1989
Mechanical environment
Vibration
IEC 255-21-1: 1988
2In continuously
2kV rms for 1 minute between all case
terminals connected together and the
case earth terminal.
2kV rms for 1 minute between all
terminals of independent circuits, with
terminals on each circuit connected
together.
1kV rms for 1 minute across open
outgoing contact pairs.
Three positive and three negative
impulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50µs, 0.5J
between all terminals of the same
circuit (except output contacts),
independent circuits and all terminals
connected together and case earth.
2.5kV peak between independent
circuits and case earth.
1.0kV peak across terminals of the
same circuit (except metallic contacts).
Storage and transit: –25°C to +70°C.
Operating: –25°C to +55°C.
Cold
Dry heat
56 days at 93% RH and +40°C.
IP50 (dust protected).
Response Class 1.

14
Cases 103.6
149 4 holes Ø 4.4
MOPN is housed in a size 6 case. 23.5
(See Figure 12.)
All dimensions in mm.
Information required with order 168 159

Relay type: MOPN 01 or MOPN 02

Auxiliary supply voltage
Push button
AC current rating (phase and earth) 151
projection 10 max.
Panel cut-out:
Rated frequency Flush mounting fixing details.
Core balance transformer requirements
32 212
25 min.

177 157 max.

155 Flush mounting.

Figure 12: Case outlines size 6.

Cable Closed Toroidal Transformer (BTF)

H
D Ø
Coil

Cable clamp
S1 S2
Bracket

Opening Toroidal Transformer (BTO) Stock No. Type of coil Ø D H

ZB9011841 BTF 200 F 200 247 22
4 Elongated holes,
6.8 x 9.0mm ZB9011842 BTF 100 P 100 133 26
ZB9011843 BTF 100 R 100 155 65
ZB9011844 BTO 100 F 100 – 71
160 ZB9011845 BTO 100 P 100 – 72
ZB9011846 BTO 100 R 100 – 66

166

S1 S2

180 H

Figure 13: MOPN toroidal transformers

15