KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA

DANAPUR CANTT

MINIMUM PROGRAMME FOR

AISSCE – 2018

SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS
(CLASS – XII)

Prepared By :

K. N. P. Singh
Vice-Principal
K.V. Danapur Cantt
 (2) XII/Maths.
MATRIX

4 4 7   3 2 1 
1. Find X and Y if 2x  y    & x  2 y   1  1 2
7 3 4   

4   4 8 4 
1  X    1 2 1  ,
2. If    , find X (Ans. X = [–1 2 1]
3    3 6 3 

 1 3 2  1 
3. Find x such that 1 x 1  2 5 1  2   0 (Ans. x = –14 or –2)
   
15 3 2  x 

3  4  1  2n  4 n 
4. If A then Prove that A n   V nN

1  1   n 1  2n 

1 
5. If A   5 & B  3 1  2 verify that (AB)' = B'A'
 
 7 

 1 3 5
6. Express the Matrix  6 8 3 as the sum of a symmetric and skew symmetric
 4 6 5 

Matrix.
7. Using elementary row transformation find the inverse of Matrix

1 2 3   3  2  1
2 5 7  Ans.  4 1  1
   
 2  4  5  2 0 1 

 8 5 
8. Show that A   satisfies the equation x2 + 4x – 42 = 0. Hence find A–1
2 4 

1  4 5
Ans. 42  2 8


2 1 8
9. If A  3 1 2 show that A (adjA) = (adj A) A = |A| I3
 
1 2 3

10. Using Matrix method, solve the following system of linear equations :

x  2 y  3 z  4
2 x  3 y  2z  2
3 x  3 y  4 z  11
(Ans. x = 3, y = –2 & z = 1
 (3) XII/Maths.
DETERMINANT
ab bc ca
1. Evaluate bc ca ab
ca ab bc

2. Using properties of determinant prove that :

x y z
x2 y2 z 2  xyz x  y  y  z z  x 
(i)
x3 y3 z3

  
2 2  2                    
(ii)   

bc ca ab a b c 

q  r r  p p  q  2 p q r 
(iii)  
yz zx xy  x y z 

a bc 2a 2a
 a  b  c 
3
(iv) 2b bca 2b
2c 2c cab

1 a 1 1
 1 1 1
1 1 b 1  abc 1    
(v)  a b c
1 1 1 c

1  a 2  b2 2ab  2b
 1  a 2  b2 
3
2ab 1  a 2  b2 2a
(vi)
2b  2a 1  a 2  b2

1 1 1
a b c  a  b b  c c  a a  b  c 
(vii)
a3 b3 c3

1 1 1

(viii)  3 3  3               

2 2 2

  

(ix) If x, y, z are different and

x x2 1  x3
A y y2 1  y3  0 , then show that 1+ xyz = 0
z z2 1  z3
 (4) XII/Maths.
RELATION & FUNCTIONS
1. Prove that the relation R on the set N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d)  a + d = b + c
V (a, b), (c, d)  N × N is an equivalance relation.
2. Consider the set N × N, the set of all ordired pairs of natural numbers. Let R be
the relation in N × N which is defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if and only if ad = bc. Prove
that R is an equivalence relation.
3. Prove that the relation R on set Z of all integers defined by (a, b)  R  (a – b) is
divisible by 5 is an equivalence relation on Z.
4. Show that the function f : R  R given by f (x) = ax + b, a, b  r, a  o is a
bijection.

x 3
5. Show that the function f : R – {–1}  R – {1} given that f x   is a bi jective
x 1
function.
6. Let f : R+  [-5, ] given by f (x) = 9x2 + 6x – 5. Show that f is invertible and

y  6 1
f 1  y  
3
7. Let A be the set of all real numbers except – 1
Let an operation * be defined on A as a * b = a + b + ab V a, b  A
Prove that (i) A is closed under the given operation
(ii) * is commutative as well as associative
(iii) the number O is the identity element

a
(iv) every element a  A has as inverse
1 a

7  3  3x  4 3  7 
8. Let f : R     R    be defined as f x   and g : R     R   
5  5  5x  7 5  5 
7x  4
be defined as g x  
5x  3
Show that fog = IA and gof = IB where IA and IB are idnetity functions on A and B
respectively.
 (5) XII/Maths.
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

 1 1   2  13  
1. Find the value of tan 1 1  cos 1     sin 1    Ans.    
 2 2  4 3 6 12 

2. Find the value of sec 2 tan 1 2   cos ec 2 cot1 3  (Ans. 15)

1  1  1 1  31 
3. Prove that 2 tan    tan  tan 1  
2 7  17 
4. Prove that tan–1 1 + tan–1 2 + tan–1 3 = 

1  1  1  1  
5. Prove that 2 tan    tan   
3 7 4

1 1 1 1 

6. Prove that tan 1    tan 1    tan 1    tan 1   
3 5 7 8 4

 1 a  1 a  2b
7. Prove that tan  cos 1   tan  cos 1  
4 2 b 4 2 b a

1
 1  sin x  1  sin x  x 
8. Prove that cot    , x  ] 0, [
 1  sin x  1  sin x  2 4

 1  x2  1  x2   1
   cos x 
1 1 2
9. Prove that tan 
 1  x  1  x  4 2
2 2

10. If cos–1x + cos–1y + cos–1z =  Prove that x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xyz = 1

11. If tan–1x + tan–1y + tan–1z =  Prove that x + y + z = xyz

  1
12. (a) Solve : tan 1 2 x   tan 1 3 x    Ans. x  
4  6

 
(b) Solve : 2 tan–1 (cos x) = tan–1 (2 cosec x)  Ans. x  
 4

 x 1  1  x  1    1 
13. Solve : tan 1    tan    Ans.  
 x 2  x 2 4  2

 1  x2 1
14. Write tan 1   in the simplest form.
 x 
 

Write tan 1 
cos x 
15.  in the simplest form.
 1  sin x 
 (6) XII/Maths.
CONTINUITY & DIFFERENTIABILITY

 x  1, 1  x  2
1. A function f is defined by f x   
2 x  3 2  x  3

Find whether f is continuous at x = 2 (Ans. continuous)

 x2 x 1
2. A function f is defined by f x   
x  5 x  0
Show that the function is discontinuous at x = 1.

1  cos x
 2
, x0
3. Discuss the continuity of the function f x    x at x = 0
1
 , x 0
 2

2 x  1 if x2

4. For what value of k is the function f x    k if x  2 continuous at x = 2 ?
3 x  1 if x 2

(Ans. k = 5)

 k cos x 
  , x
5. Find the value of k if f (x) is continuous at x  , where f x      2 x 2
2 
 3 , x
 2
(Ans. k = 6)

 3ax  b if x 1

6. If the function f x    11 if x  1 is continuous at x = 1, find the values
5ax  2 b if x 1

of a & b. (Ans. a = 3 & b = 2)

1  cos 4 x
, x0
7. For what value of k, f  x    8x 2 is continuous at x = 0 ? (Ans. k = 1)
 k , x 0

8. Prove that f (x) = |x| is continuous at x = 0 but not differentiable at x = 0

 (7) XII/Maths.
DIFFERENTIATION
Find the derivative w.r. to x of the following :

 cos x  sin x 
1. tan 1   (Ans. 1)
 cos x  sin x 

 a cos x  b sin x 
2. tan 1   (Ans. –1)
 b cos x  a sin x 

 1  x2 1  1 
3. tan 1    Ans.  
 x   21  x 2  
 

 1  x2  1  x2   x 
4. tan 1    Ans. 
 1  x2  1  x2   1  x4 
 

 5 x  12 1  x 2   1 
5. sin 1    Ans. 
 13   1  x2 
 

 1  sin x  1  sin x  dy
6. If y  cot 1   Prove that is independent of x.
 1  sin x  1  sin x  dx

dy sin 2 a  y 
7. If sin y = x sin (a + y) Prove that 
dx sin a

1 t 1 t dy y
and y  a
cos
8. If x  a sin Prove that  0
dx x

d2 y
If y = tan–1 x show that 1  x 2 
dy
9. 2
 2x 0
dx dx

10.  
If y  log x  x 2  a 2 Prove that x 2  a 2 
d2 y
dx 2
x
dy
dx
0

11. 
If y  x  x 2  1  n
Prove that (x2 + 1) y2 + xy1 – n2 y = 0
d2 y
12. If y = A cos n x + B sin n x Prove that  n2 y  0
dx 2

d2 y dy
13. If y = a cos (log x) + b sin (log x) prove that x 2 x y0
dx 2 dx
14. If y = sin (m sin–1x) show that (1 – x2) y2 – xy1 + m2y = 0
dy
15. If y = xsinx + (sinx)x find
dx
. dy y2
..
16. If x
, then prove that 
x 1  y log x 
x
yx x
dx
 (8) XII/Maths.
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
1. Verify Lagrange's Mean Value Theorem for the function f (x) = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3)
in the interval [1, 4] (Ans. 3)
2. Verify Rolle's Theorem for the function

  
f x   sin x  cos x, x  0,  Ans. c 
 2 4
3. A particle moves along the curve 6y = x3 + 2. Find the points on the curve at
which y co-ordinate is changing 8 times as fast as the x-co-ordinate.

  31 
Ans. (4, 11) &   4, 
 3 
4. Find the intervals in which the function f (x) = x3 – 12x2 + 36x + 17 is (a) increasing
(b) decreasing Ans. (Increasing in (–, 2) U (6, ) decreasing in (2, 6)
5. Find the intervals in which the function f given by f (x) = sin x – cos x
0  x  2 (i) is increasing (ii) is decreasing
3 7 3 7
(Ans. Increasing when 0  x  or  x  2  Decreasing when x )
4 4 4 4
6. Find the intervals in which the function f (x) = 7 + 12x – 3x2 – 2x3 is increasing or
decreasing (Ans. (i) –2  x  1 & x < –2 or x > –1)
7. At what points on the curve x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0, is the tangent parallel to
y-axis ? (Ans. (3, 2) & (–1, 2)
8. Prove that the curves x = y2 & xy = k cut at right angles if 8k2 = 1.
9. Find the Co-ordinates of the points on the curve y = 2x 3 – 6x + 3 where the
tangents are || to x-axis. (Ans. (1, –1) & (–1, 7))
10. Find the equation of the tangent & normal to the curve.


x = 1 – cos , y = – sin at  
4

 
Ans. Equation of tan gent 2  1 x  y  
4
 
 2 2 1 

 

 

Equation of normal 2  1 x  y   0
4


 (9) XII/Maths.
11. Using differentials, find the approximate value of
(i) 0.037 (Ans. 0.1925)

(ii) 0.48 (Ans. 0.693)

12. Find the approximate value of f (2.01), when f (x) = 4x2 + 5x + 2 (Ans. 28.21)
13. If y = x4 – 10 and if x changes from 2 to 1.97, using differential, find the approxi-
mate change in y. (Ans. – 0.96)
14. Find the points of local maxima or local minima for the function f (x) = sin x – cos x,
3 7
0 < x < 2. (Ans. max value = 2 at x  , min value =  2 at x 
4 4
15. Show that the rectangle of max. area that can be inscribed in a circle of radius r is
a square of side 2 r..
16. Find the point on the curve y2 = 4x which is nearest to the point (2, –8). (Ans. (4, –y)
17. Two sides of a triangle have lengths 'a' & 'b' and the angle between them is .
What value of  will maximize the area of the triangle ? Find the max. area of the
triangle also. (Ans. = /2, max area = ½ ab
18. A wire of length 25 m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the two pieces is to be
made into a square and the other into a circle. What should be the lengths of the
two pieces so that the combined area of the square & the circle is minimum ?

100 25 
( Ans. m& m)
4 4
19. An open 60x, with a square base is to be made out of a given quantity of metal
c3
sheet of area c . Show that the max volume is
2
.
6 3
20. A window is in the form of rectangle surmounted by a Semi circle. If the total
perimeter of the window is 30 m, find the dimensions of the window so that max.
 30 
light in admitted.  Ans. m
 4 
21. Show that the height of the cylinder of max. volume that can be inscribed in a
2R
sphere of radius R is .
3
 (10) XII/Maths.
INTEGRATION
Evaluate :

1.  sin x sin 2 x sin 3 x dx 18. 1 x

dx
4

2.  cos x. cos 2 x cos 3 x dx

e
ax
19. sin bx dx
3.  sin 4
x dx
e
ax
20. cos bx dx
4.  cos 4
dx
21.  tan x dx
 tan
4
5. x dx
22.  cot x dx
cos 2 x  cos 2
  
6. dx tan x  cot x dx
cos x  cos  23.

dx dx
7.  sinx    sinx   dx 24.  5  4 sin x
dx xdx
8.  1  tan x 25. x 3
 x2  x 1

dx
9.  x log x dx  x x  1
26. n

 sec
3
10. x dx
cos xdx
x
27.  1  sin x 2  sin x 
xe
11.  1  x  2
dx
dx
28. x 3
1
2  sin 2 x
 1  cos 2 x e
x
12. dx
dx
29.  1  x  x2
 x sin
1
13. x dx
2x  1
 x tan 
1
14. x dx 30. dx
x  4x  1
2

x tan 1 x dx
2
15.
dx
31.  x  1 x  2 2
x2 1
16.  1  x 4 dx
32.  2 x  1 3  4 x  x 2 dx
x2 1
17.  1  x 4 dx
 (11) XII/Maths.
INTEGRATION AS A LIMIT OF SUM

Evaluate following integrals as the limit of sums :

1.  x  1 dx
0

x
2
2. dx
2

 x  3 dx
2
3.
0

4.  3 x  2 dx
1

x
2
5. dx
1

 2 x  5 dx
2
6.
0

e
x
7. dx
0

 2 x  5 x dx
2
8.
1

9. x
1
3
dx

10.  x
0
2
 x  2 dx
 (12) XII/Maths.
DEFINITE INTEGRALS

4
 3 
1.  sin 2 x. sin 3 x dx
0
 Ans.


5 2

   
2

2. tan x  cot x dx Ans.  2

0


2
dx  2  1 
3.  5  4 sin x
0
 Ans. tan 1   
 3  3 


2
sin 5 x  
4. 0 sin x  cos5 x dx  Ans. 4 
4
 19 
5.  | x  1|  | x  2|  | x  3|dx
1
 Ans.


2 


4
  
6.  log 1  tan  d
1
 Ans. log 2 
 8 


3
dx   
7. 1
 tan x
 Ans.


12 
6


2
  2
8.  log sin x dx
0
 Ans.  log 
 2 


2
  2
9.  2 log sin x  log sin 2 x dx
0
 Ans.  log 
 2 


sin x  cos x
2

10.  1  sin x cos x dx  Ans. 0

0


xdx  2 
11. 0 a 2 cos2 x  b2 sin2 x  Ans.


2ab 


x sin x  2 
12. 0 1  cos2 x dx  Ans.


4 
 (13) XII/Maths.
AREA OF THE BOUNDED REGION
x2 y2
1. Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse   1. (Ans. 6 sq unit)
4 9
2. Find the area of the region included between the Parabolas y2 = 4ax & x2 = 4ay.

 16a 2 
 Ans. sq unit 
 3 

 1 
3. Find the area of the region {(x, y) x2  y  x}  Ans. sq unit 
 6 

   1 
4. Find the area of the region {(x, y) x2 + y2  1  x + y}  Ans.   sq unit 
 4 2 

5. Find the area of the region enclosed between the two circles x2 + y2 = 1 and
  2 3 
 Ans.   
(x – 1)2 + y2 = 1   3  2  sq unit 
   

 1 
6. Find the area of the region {(x, y) : x2  y  |x|}  Ans. sq unit 
 3 

7. Find the area enclosed by the Parabola x2 = 4y and the straight line x = 4y – 2
 9 
 Ans. sq unit 
 8 
8. Find the area of the region enclosed between the circles x2 + y2 = 4 and
  8  
(x – 2)2 + y2 = 4  Ans.   2 3  sq unit 
  3  

x2 y2
9. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse   1 & the
a 2 b2
x y  ab    
line  1  Ans.   1 sq unit 
a b  2 2  
10. Using integration, find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (1, 0), (2, 2)
 3 
& (3, 1)  Ans. sq unit 
 2 
11. Using integration, find the area of ABC when A is (2, 3), B is (4, 7) & C is (6, 2)
(Ans. 9 sq unit)
12. Find the area of the region bounded by the lines x + 2y = 2, y – x = 1 & 2x + y – 7 = 0
(Ans. 6 sq unit)
 (14) XII/Maths.
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
1 x
Verfiy that y  e
m sin
1. is a solution of the differential equation

d2 y
1  x  dx 2  x dx
2 dy
 m2 y  0

2. F o r m t h e d i f f e r e n t i a l e q u a l c o r r e s p o n d i n g t o ( x – a )
2
+ (y – b)2 = r2 by eliminating
a & b. (Ans. (1+y12)3 = r2 (y2)2)

dy  dy 
3. Solve the differential equation y  x  a y 2  
dx  dx 
4. Solve the differential equation (1 + e2x)dy + ex (1 + y2) dx = 0 Given y = 1, when x = 0

Solve the differential equation 1  x 2   1  y 2   0 Given y = 1 when x = 0

dy
5.
dx

dy dy
6. Solve the differential equation y  x xy
dx dx

 x
 x
y x
Solve the differential equation 1  e dx  e 1  dy  0
y
7.
   y

8. Solve the differential equation x dy  y dx  x 2  y 2 dx

9. Solve the differential equation x dy  y dx  x 2  y 2 dx

10. Solve the differential equation x2 dy + (xy + y2) dx = 0 given that y = 1 when x = 1
11. Solve the differential equation (1 + y2)dx = (tan–1y – x)dy

Solve the differential equation x  2 y 2 

dy
12.  y given y = 1 when x = 2
dx

Solve the differential equation 1  x 2 

dy
13.  y  tan 1 x
dx

dy
14. Solve the differential equation x
2
 2xy  y2
dx
dy
15. Solve the differential equation x  2 y  x 2 log x
dx

dy
16. Solve the differential equation cos x  y  sin x given that y = 2 when x = 0
dx
 (15) XII/Maths.
VECTORS & 3–DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
    
1. If a  î  2ˆj  3 k̂, b   î  k̂ & c  3 î  ˆj find the value of  such that a  c is  to b.

 4
 Ans.    
 3

2. Find a unit vector in the direction of the sum of the vectors

 
a   î  ĵ  k̂ & b  2 î  ĵ  3k̂

 Ans.
1
3
 
î  2 ĵ  2k̂ 
 
 
3. Find the value of  for which the vectors a  3 î  2ˆj  4 k̂ & b  î  4ˆj  8k̂ are
parallel. (Ans.  = 6)
      
4. If a  î  ˆj  k̂ & b  ˆj  k̂ , find the vector c such that a  c  b & a.c  3
  5 2 2 
 Ans . c  î  ˆj  k̂ 
 3 3 3 
     
5. If | a | 5, | b| 13 & | a  b| 25, find | a.b| (Ans. 60)
6. Find the area of the ||gm whose adjacent sides are determined by the vectors
 
a  î  ˆj  3 k̂ & b  2 î  7ˆj  k̂ (Ans. 15 2 sq unit)
     
7. If | a | 10, | b | 2 & a.b  12, find | a  b | (Ans. 16)
8. Show that the points (2, –1, 2), (4, 5, –6) & (3, 2, –2) are collinear.
        
9. If a  b  c  0 Prove that a  b  b  c  c  a

10. 
        
Prove that a  b b  c c  a  2 a b c   
x  2 y 1 z  3
11. Find the foot of the r from the point (1, 2, 3) on the line  
1 3 2

  3 1 
 Ans.   , 4  
  2 2 

12. Find the shortest distance between the lines


    
  
r  î  2ˆj  k̂   î  ˆj  k̂ & r  2 î  ˆj  k̂   2 î  ˆj  2 k̂  
 Ans.

3
2

unit 


13. Find the shortest distance between the following lines

x  3 Y  5 z  7 x 1 Y 1 z 1
1

2

1
&
7

6

1
Ans. 2 29 unit 
 (16) XII/Maths.
14. Find the equation of the plane Passing through the points (1, 1, 0), (1, 2, 1) & (–2, 2, –1)
(Ans. –2x – 3y + 3z + 5 = 0)
15. Find the equation of the plane passing through the points (2, 1, –1) & (–1, 3, 4)
and r to the plane x – 2y + 2 = 0 (Ans. 10x + 5y + 4z – 21 = 0)
16. Find the equation of the plane passing through the points A (2, 3, –1), B (–2, 4, 5)
& C (0, 1, 2) in vector form. Also express it in Cartesian form.
17. The Cartesian equations of a line are 3x + 1 = 6y – 2 = 1 – z. Find the fixed point
through which it passes, its direction rations and also its vector equation.

 1 1 
 Ans.   , , 1 ; 2, 1,  6
 3 3 

 1 1

r   i  j  k̂   2 î  ˆj  6 k̂
3 3

1  x 7 y  14 z  3 7  7x y  5 6  z
18. Find the value of  so that lines   &  
3 2 2 3 1 5
 70 
are at right angle.  Ans.   
 11 

x y 1 z  2
19. Find the image of the point (1, 6, 3) in the line   . Also, write the
1 2 3
equation of the line Joining the given point and its image and find the length of
the segment joining the given point and its image.

 x 1 y  6 z  3 
 Ans. 1, 0, 7 ,   , 2 13 
 0 6 y 

20.

  
 
Find the angle between the planes r. 2î  ĵ  k̂  6 & r. î  ĵ  2k̂  5 Ans. 
3

21. Find the image of the point (3, –2, 1) in the plane 3x – y + 4z = 2 (Ans. 0, –1, –3)

x 1 y  3 z  5 x 2 y 4 z6
22. Prove that the lines   &   are coplanar. Also
3 5 7 1 4 7
find the plane containing these two lines.
23. Find the equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the planes

  


r. î  ˆj  k̂  6 & r. 2 î  3ˆj  4 k̂  5 and the point (1, 1, 1)

Ans. r.20 î  23ˆj  26 k̂   69 

 (17) XII/Maths.
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
1. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically

Maximize z = 50 x + 15 y

Subject to 5x + y  100

x+ y  60

x, y  0 (Ans. 1250)
2. A diet is to contain at least 80 units of vitamin A and 100 units of minerals. Two
foods F1 & F2 are available. Food F1 costs Rs. 4 per unit and F2 costs Rs. 6 per
unit, one unit of food F1 contains 3 units of vitamin A and 4 units of minerals.
One unit of food F2 contains 6 units of vitamin A and 3 units of minerals. Formu-
late this as a linear programming problem and find graphically the minimum
cost for diet that consists of mixture of these foods & also meets the mineral
nutritional requirements. (Ans. Rs. 104)
3. One kind of cake requires 300 gm of flour and 15 gm of fat, another kind of cake
requires 150 gm of flour & 30 gm of fat. Find the max. number of cakes which
can be made from 7.5 kg of flour and 600 gm of fat, assuming that there is no
shortage of the other ingradients used in making the cakes. Make it as an LPP
and solve it graphically. (Ans. 20, 10)
4. There are two types of fertilisers 'A' and 'B' A' consists of 12% Nitrogen & 5%
phosphoric acid where as 'B' consists of 4% nitrogen and 5% phospheric acid.
After testing the soil conditions, farmers finds that he needs at least 12 kg of
nitrogen & 12 kg of phosphoric acid for his crops. It 'A' costs Rs. 10 per kg and 'B'
cost Rs. 8 per kg, then graphically determine how much of each type of fertiliser
should be used so that nutrient requirements are met at a minimum cost.
(Ans. A 0.3 kg, B : 0.21 kg)
5. Solved the following linear programming problem graphically
Maximize z = 60x + 15y Subject to constraints
x + y  50
3x + y  90
x, y  0
(Ans. x = 20, y = 30, z = 1650)
 (18) XII/Maths.
6. A farmer mixes two brands P and Q of cattle feed. Brand P, costing Rs. 250 per
bag, contains 3 units of nutritional element A, 2.5 units of element B and 2 units
of element C whereas brand Q costing Rs. 200 per bag contains 1.5 units of
nutritional element A, 11.25 units of element B and 3 units of element C. The
minimum requirements of nutrients A, B and C are 18 units, 45 units and 24
units respectively. Determine the number of bags of each brand which should be
mixed in order to produce a mixture having a minimum cost per bag ? What is
the minimum cost of the mixture per bag ? (Ans. Rs. 1950 at (3, 6)

7. An aeroplane can carry a maximum of 200 passengers. A profit of Rs. 1000 is

made on each exclusive class ticket and a profit of Rs. 600 is made on each
economy class ticket. The airline reserves at least 20 seats for executive class.
However at least 4 times as many passengers prefer to travel by economy class
than by the executive class. Determine how many tickets of each type must be
sold in order to maximise the profit for the airline. What is the maximum profit ?

(Ans. Max profit Rs. 136000 at (40,160)

8. Two godowns A and B have grain capacity of 100 quintals and 50 qunitals re-
spectively. They supply to 3 ration shops D, E and F, whose requirements are 60,
50 and 40 quintals respectively. The cost of transportation per quintal from the
godowns to the shops are given in the following table :

How should the supplies be transported in order that the transportation cost in
minimum. What is the minimum cost ?

Transportation cost per quintal (in Rs.)

From/To A B

D 6 4

E 3 2

F 2.50 3

(Ans. : Minimum cost Rs. 510 at (10, 50))

 (19) XII/Maths.
PROBABILITY
1 1 1
1. If A & B are two events such that P  A   , P B   & P A  B   Find
2 3 4

 3 1 1 5
(i) P (A/B) (ii) P (B/A) 
(iii) P A / B  (iv) 
P A /B   Ans.

, , , 
4 2 4 8
2. A problem in Mathematics is given to 3 students whose chances of solving it are
1 1 1  3
, , . What is the probability that te problem is solved ?  Ans. 
2 3 4  4

3. Two persons A & B throw a die alternately till one of them gets a 'three' and wins
 6 5 
the game. Find their respectively probabilities of winning, if A begins.  Ans. , 
 11 11 

4. Three persons A, B, C throw a die in succession till one gets a 'six'and wins the
 36 30 25 
game. Find their respective probabilities of winning, if A begins.  Ans.

,
91 91
& 
91 

5. A husband and wife appear in an interview for two vacancies for the same post.
1 1
The probability of husband's selection is and that of wife's selection is .
7 5
What is the probability that
 1 
(i) both of them will be selected ?  Ans. 
 35 

 2
(ii) only one of them will be selected ?  Ans. 
 7

 24 
(iii) none of them will be selected ?  Ans. 
35 


6. In a bolt factory, machines A, B and C manufacture respectively 25%, 35% and

40% of the total bolts of their output 5, 4 and 2 percent are respectively defective
bolts. A bold is drawn at random from the product. If the bolt drawn is found to
be defective, what is the probability that it is manufactured by the machine B ?
 28 
 Ans. 
 69 

7. A Insurance company insured 2000 scooter drivers, 4000 car drivers and 6000
truck drivers. The probabilities of an accident involving a scooter driver, car driver
& a truck driver are 0.01, 0.03 and 0.15 respectively. One of the insured person
meet with an accident. What is the probability that he is a scooter driver ?
 1 
 Ans. 
 52 
 (20) XII/Maths.
8. A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack, two
cards are drawn and are found to be hearts. Find the probability of missing card
 11 
to be a heart.  Ans. 
 50 
9. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that
 3
it is a six. Find the probability that it is actually a six.  Ans. 
 8
10. There are three coins. One is two headed coin, another is a biased coin that
comes up heads 75% of the time and third is an unbiased coin. One of the three
coins is choosen at random and tossed, it shows heads, what is the probability
 4
that it was the two headed coin ?  Ans. 
 9
11. Three urns A, B and C contain 6 red an 4 white ; 2 red and 6 white; and 1 red and
5 white balls respectively. An urn is chosen at random and a ball is drawn. If the
ball drawn is found to be red, find the probability that the ball was drawn from
 36 
urn A.  Ans. 
 61 
12. A random variable X has the following probability distribution :
X : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P (x) : 0 k 2k 2k 3k k2 2k2 7k2+k
Find each of the following :
(i) k (ii) P (x < 6) (iii) P (x  6) (iv) P (0< × <5)

 1 81 19 4 
 Ans. , , , 
 10 100 100 5 
13. Find the mean & variance of the number of tails in three tosses of a coin.

Mean  1.5, var  3 4

