A.

Literature Matrix

Delineating How will you

Bibliography Objective factors/ Methods Major finding use this in
variables your study?
Bataineh, M. Z. The study Students’ Design: Lateness could This study will
(2014). A review of aimed to lateness Locale: King affect students’ give a
factors associated systematically behavior- Saud University performance and descriptive
with student’s review studies Lateness is a Participants: lead to low grade definition of
lateness behavior that investigate form of disruptive students averages “tardiness or
and dealing factors behavior. Instruments: lateness” in
strategies. J Educ associated with Lateness disrupts papers and terms of
Pract, 5(2), 1-7. students’ the rhythm of the reports students’
lateness class lecture, and Procedure: first, performance in
Retrieved from: behavior and also distracts the downloaded school.
https://www.researc dealing other students papers and
hgate.net/publication strategies. who may be reports were
/268069949 paying attention analyzed
to the lecture. definition of
Literally, the term lateness.
“lateness” implies Second, they
a situation where were on various
an individual factor associated
arrives after the with students’
proper, scheduled lateness
or usual time. behavior, third on
dealing
Dealing strategies.
Strategies- Finally,
These are the conclusion and
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 11
 coping strategies recommendation
of the students in for future
dealing with research have
student lateness been discussed.
behavior.
Boergers, J., Gable, Examine the IV: Locale: Important To examine the
C. J., & Owens, J. A. impact of delay Later School Independent high implications for impact of a
(2014). Later school of delay in Start Time-The school public policy and delay in school
start time is school start postponement of Participants:Boa add to research start time on
associated with time on sleep the usual school rding students (n suggesting the sleep patterns,
improved sleep and patterns, starting time. = 197, mean age health benefits of sleepiness,
daytime functioning sleepiness, = 15.6 yr.) modifying school mood, and
in adolescents. mood, and DV: Instruments: schedules to more health-related
Journal of health-related Improved Sleep- School Sleep closely align with outcomes.
Developmental & outcomes. The state of Habits Survey. adolescents’
Behavioral having a better Procedure: A circadian rhythms
Pediatrics, 35(1), 11- duration of sleep, modest (25 min) and sleep needs
17. sleeping pattern delay in school
and quality. start time was
Retrieved from Daytime associated with
https://www.gwern.n functioning-This significant
et/docs/melatonin/20 refers to the improvements in
14-boergers.pdf mood, sleep duration,
performance and daytime
behavior of a sleepiness,
person mood, and
particularly in the caffeine use.
day. These findings
have important

Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 12
 implications for
public policy and
add to research
suggesting the
health benefits of
modifying school
schedules to
more closely
align with
adolescents'
circadian rhythms
and sleep needs.
Ferrara, M., This study IV: Design: Overall, the results This study
Bottasso, A., aimed to adopt Gender Correlational demonstrate that involved in
Tempesta, D., a balanced Differences- are Locale: the epidemic of understanding
Carrieri, M., De design and variances University of insufficient others’ mental
Gennaro, L., & consists of two between males L’Aquila sleep documented states, predicts
Ponti, G. (2015). laboratory and females that Participants: in high school both monetary
Gender differences sessions in are based on Thirty-two students extends donations to
in sleep deprivation which subjects biological participants (16 past others and time
effects on risk and are asked to adaptations that females, 16 early and mid- spent
inequality aversion: perform the are the same for males; mean adolescence to helping others
evidence from an test battery both sexes. age±SD: 24±2.2 college students.
economic (see below) years; age range Total sleep
experiment. PloS under two DV: 20–28 years) time is similar
one, 10(3), conditions: Sleep were recruited between high
e0120029. after one night Deprivation- through school and college
of undisturbed State or condition advertisements in students,
Retrieve sleep at home wherein an the University of but bedtimes and
from:https://journals. and individual failed to l’Aquila buildings. risetimes are
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 13
plos.org/plosone/arti after one night acquire the Instruments: shifted later by
cle?id=10.1371%2Fj of sleep required amount Clinical interview about
ournal.pone.012002 deprivation in of sleep. Procedure: 90 minutes on both
9 the laboratory. Subjects were week and weekend
randomly days. The tendency
assigned to one to delay bedtimes
of 8 groups, and extend
meaning that risetimes during
they participated weekends
in the experiment also continues into
in groups of four young adulthood. In
(two females and addition to short
two males). sleep and irregular
schedules, college
students also
experience
low sleep quality,
when assessed by
standard measures.
Surprisingly,
perceived stress
(rather than sleep
schedule
regularity, alcohol
or drug use,
exercise frequency,
or electronics
usage) provided the
most explanatory
power for
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 14
 poor sleep in this
population.
Jumare, A. M., This study Educational Design: survey Female students This will provide
Maina, B. A., & attempted to managers- Their research come to school late information
Ankoma-Sey, V. R. answer the duty to increase Locale: than male regarding the
(2015). Analysis on following effort on data Government Most students late- relationship
Students' Late- research collection and Girls Secondary comers’ parents between gender
Coming Factors in questions storage. They are School Pada, belong to low socio- and students’
Selected Secondary among others: expected to Zaria economic status. lateness.
Schools in Zaria: Has gender include societal Participants: The finding
Implications for any relation orientation as part Sample of sixty revealed that senior
Educational with of school annual students late students come to
Managers. Journal of students’ late- program of comers school late more
Education and coming to activities. Instruments: than junior students.
Practice, 6(32), 56- school? Has Late-coming- The instrument
61. age any This refers to the was partly
relation with students’ morbid adopted, while
Retrieve from: students’ late- habit of not the other part
https://files.eric.ed.g coming to arriving on the was self-
ov/fulltext/EJ108352 school? Do designated time in constructed. The
7.pdf senior students school. instrument was
come to school School system- validated by
late than The aggregate of expert in
junior? the public schools educational
of an area under administration
an administration and language.
of an executive Procedure:
officer responsible In distribution
for education in and collection of
that area. the instrument,
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 15
 the researcher
was assisted by
teachers on duty
and discipline
masters of the
respective
schools. The
data collected
was subjected to
simple frequency
and percentages.
The data was
collected within
the period of two
weeks.

Kgosi, K. K. (2016). Find out what IV: Locale: Botho The research The factors of
Students’ tardiness causes the Reliability- University findings revealed tardiness in this
and its effect on students to transport and Participants: that transportation, study can be
teaching and come late to traffic to school, Botho University lack of time used to
learning at Botho class and the personal and students management and determine the
University, effect late family Instruments: self reason behind
Botswana. coming has on responsibilities, Purposive discipline, and lateness in the
the learning time sampling and distance from present study.
Retrieve from: and the management, convenience school contributed
http://ithuteng.ub.bw teaching attitude towards sampling significantly to
/bitstream/handle/10 process. the lecturer Procedure: Four student tardiness.
311/1449/Kgosi_Un Tardiness - being students were
published%20%28M late for any selected to assist
ed%29_2015.pdf?se measurable with identifying
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 16
quence=3&isAllowe length of time possible
d=y past the stated or participants for
the scheduled this study.
start time for work Since there are
or school. four
undergraduate
DV: faculties, the four
Effects it has on assistants were
the learning and asked to provide
the teaching five names
process inform them of
the study and ask
if they would like
to be participants

Khan, M., Khan, U. To assess IV: Locale: In the adult age To correlate the
A., Zafar, H., & daytime Sleep- Is Department of group, degree of findings of this
Syed, A. (2014). sleepiness in considered a Physiology, daytime sleepiness study between
Association between the male natural periodic Islamic was significantly our present
duration of sleep medical state of rest for International negatively related to study.
and Epworth score students aged the brain, mind Medical College, their night time
in male medical 18-25 years and body. Rawalpindi, sleep duration.
students. Rawal and to relate Duration of Pakistan
Medical Journal, their Epworth Sleep- Refers to Participants:56
39(4), 369-371. score with their the amount of male medical
mean duration sleep of a person students aged
Retrieve from: of sleep. 18-25 years
https://www.ejmana
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 17
ger.com/mnstemps/ DV: Instruments:
27/27- Epworth score- Standardized
1397715632.pdf Refers to the English
score of a person Language
in answering the questionnaire
Epworth Procedure: The
Sleepiness Scale degree of
(ESS) daytime
questionnaire sleepiness
which will help in increased with
measuring and the decrease in
assessing the mean duration of
general level of sleep. The mean
daytime Epworth score of
sleepiness. mean duration of
sleep of
415±74.606 min
was 4 (p=0.000).
In adult male
students with
mean duration of
sleep of
400.38±62.179
min, the mean
Epworth score
was 7 (p=0.000).
Those with mean
duration of sleep
of
371.67±79.791mi
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 18
 n, the mean
Epworth score
was 12
(p=0.000).

Louca, M., & Short, To investigate IV: Design: The findings This study use
M. A. (2014). The the effects of Sleep- is an Participants suggest that one to exposed
effect of one night's one night’s essential completed a night of total sleep adolescents to
sleep deprivation on sleep restorative neurobehavioral deprivation has one night
adolescent deprivation on function test battery significant without sleep to
neurobehavioral neurobehavior necessary for measuring deleterious effect test the
performance. Sleep, al functioning in optimal mental sustained upon hypotheses that
37(11), 1799-1807. adolescents. and physical attention, neurobehavioral adolescents
health. reaction speed, performance and would display
Retrieve from: cognitive subjective Significantly
https://academic.oup Adolescence- is processing sleepiness. worse
.com/sleep/article/37 an important and speed, neurobehavioral
/11/1799/2416741 vulnerable stage sleepiness, and performance,
of the lifespan. It is fatigue every 2 h sleepiness, and
also a period during fatigue following
during which wakefulness. one night of
sleep may be Baseline sleep
especially performance deprivation.
important. (defined as those
test bouts
Sleep between 09:00
Deprivation-The and 19:00 on
state or condition days 2 and 3,
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 19
 wherein a person following two 10-
lacks sleep h sleep
opportunities)
DV: were compared
Cognition- The to performance at
mental action or the same clock
process of time the day
acquiring following total
knowledge and sleep deprivation.
understanding Locale: The
through thought, sleep laboratory
experience, and at the Centre for
the senses. Sleep Research.
Participants:
Twelve healthy
adolescents (6
male), aged 14-
18 years (mean =
16.17, standard
deviation = 0.83).
Instruments:
Participants
completed a
neurobehavioral
test battery
measuring
sustained
attention
Procedure:
These findings
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 20
 suggest that one
night of total
sleep deprivation
has significant
deleterious
effects upon
neurobehavioral
performance and
subjective
sleepiness.
These factors
impair daytime
functioning in
adolescents,
leaving them at
greater risk of
poor academic
and social
functioning and
accidents and
injuries.
Lund, H. G., Reider, The study IV: Locale: Urban Insufficient sleep This study will
B. D., Whiting, A. B., aimed to Sleep Quality- Midwestern and irregular sleep– be beneficial to
& Prichard, J. R. characterize Refers to the university wake patterns, determine the
(2010). Sleep sleep patterns duration of sleep. Participants: which have been sleep patterns
patterns and and predictors Sleep One thousand extensively that lead to
predictors of of poor sleep Disturbance- one hundred documented in sleep
disturbed sleep in a quality in a Troubled sleep is twenty-five younger deprivation and
large population of large considered both a students adolescents, are relate the sleep
college students. population of predictive sign also present at habits to
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 21
Journal of college and symptom of Instruments: alarming levels in tardiness of the
adolescent health, students many illnesses, Cross-sectional the college student respondents.
46(2), 124-132. and is associated online survey population.
with substantial (Pittsburgh Sleep
Retrieved from: decrements in the Quality Index
http://en.smrc- quality of life. (PSQI), Epworth
sa.com/wp- Briefly, chronic Sleepiness
content/uploads/201 sleep Scale, the Horne-
4/12/Sleep-Patterns- disturbances are Ostberg
and-Predictors-of- associated with Morningness–
College- an increased risk Eveningness
Students.pdf of work Scale, the Profile
absenteeism and of Mood States,
accidents. the Subjective
Adolescence- Units of Distress
The stage Scale)
wherein a person Procedure:
is developing into Students
an adult. reported
disturbed sleep;
DV: over 60% were
Stress- A state of categorized as
mental or poor-quality
emotional strain sleepers by the
or tension PSQI, bedtimes
resulting from and risetimes
adverse or very were delayed
demanding during weekends,
circumstances. and students
reported
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 22
 Mood- A frequently taking
temporary state of prescription, over
mind or feeling. the counter, and
recreational
psychoactive
drugs to alter
sleep/wakefulnes
s.
Lufi, D., Tzischinsky, -The purpose IV: Locale: Northern The study This study will
O., & Hadar, S. of the study Sleep Average- Israel public recommends that provide the
(2011). Delaying was to assess Adolescent school of Jezreel middle schools researchers
school starting time the attention average sleep per Valley should consider information
by one hour: some level of middle- day. Participants: delaying the school regarding on
effects on attention school group of eighth- starting time by at how the
levels in students by Adolescent-An grade students least one hour. duration of
adolescents. Journal providing a individual in the Instruments: Such a change sleep affects
of Clinical Sleep group of process of -An actigraph is a could enhance their academic
Medicine, 7(02), students with developing from a small device, like students’ cognitive performance.
137-143. the opportunity child into an adult. a wristwatch, performance by
for an worn on the wrist improving their
Retrieve from: additional one DV: of the non- attention level,
https://www.ncbi.nlm hour of sleep in Delayed School dominant hand. increasing rate of
.nih.gov/pmc/articles the morning by Starting Time- The device performance, as
/PMC3077340/ delaying school The delaying the records well as reducing
starting time by school start time movements of the their mistakes and
one hour, as by an hour. wrist; data are impulsive.
compared to Short Night collected (in 1-
another group Sleep-The state min epochs) and
received no of lacking of night analyzed by a
sleep. computer.
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 23
additional Attention-The -The MATH-CPT
sleep. action of dealing (Mathematics
with or taking Continuous
-The present special care of Performance
study aims to someone or Test) is a CPT-
fill a gap in the something. type
research by computerized test
exploring the designed to
lack of sleep in assess sustained
adolescents attention.
and its effect The d2 Test of
on their Attention is a
attention at graphic-motoric
school. test of
cancellation
aimed to assess
attention.
Procedure:
For the first week
of the study, the
school starting
time was delayed
1 h for the
experimental
group (N = 26). In
the second week,
these students
returned to their
regular school
schedule. A
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 24
 control group (N =
21) remained on
their regular
schedule for
these 2 weeks.
Both groups were
tested at the end
of each week with
2 measures to
assess their
attention.
Maile, S., & The purpose of IV: Design: The investigation This study aims
Olowoyo, M. M. this research is Late-coming- Qualitative showed that most of to investigate
(2017). The Causes to investigate Not arriving or Locale: the problems the different
of Late Coming the causes of present in the time The study was associated with late causes of late
among High School late-coming set by the school. carried out in coming were coming among
Students in among high Late coming to Shoshanguve; a beyond the high school
Soshanguve, school students school is one of township situated learners’ control students’
Pretoria, South in selected the major about 25 km while in some especially in
Africa. Pedagogical secondary problems that north of Pretoria cases, learner’s schools located
Research, 2(2), n2. schools of have plagued now known as needs to discipline in the township.
Soshanguve. many schools. Tshwane, in themselves and
Retrieve from: Punctuality- The Gauteng focus on the more
https://doi.org/10.20 fact or quality of province, South important things.
897/pr/80951 being on time. Africa.
Participants:
DV: The targeted
Absenteeism- population were
The practice of students in
regularly staying grades 10, 11
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 25
 away from work or and 12 as this
school without forms the core of
good reason. the adult
Progression- The students within
process of the high school
developing or system in South
moving gradually Africa. Students
towards a more from the grades
advanced state. mentioned were
Performance- interviewed from
The action or six different
process of schools within
carrying out or Soshanguve; a
accomplishing an total number of
action, task, or eighty students,
function. twelve educators
and six principals
were used for
this study.
Procedure:
Data was
collected through
literature review,
an examination
of learner’s
attendance
record,
observation as
well as interviews
with the learners,
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 26
 some educators
and the principal
of each school.
Malik, T., Ladhani, The primary Tardiness- is Design: The finding highlight This study will
S., & Bhamani, S. aim of the study defined as Qualitative and the importance of help us examine
(2013). Decreasing was to improve “coming, Quantitative relationship the relationship
student tardiness the punctuality occurring or Locale: between between
through strategic of identified remaining after Participants: institutional
reward system: an middle school the correct, usual There were eight practices of reward
action research students by or expected time; students and behavior
report. Abhinav providing them delayed” identified for the modification in
Journal of Research with rewards research Students.
& Arts in Education, and incentive interventions
2(2), 19-26. on the Reward Based Instruments:
observation of Behavior A pre-test and
Retrieve each decrease Modification- post-test
from:https://www.res in their behavior-change observation
earchgate.net/public Tardiness. procedures, checklist was
ation/311669249_D artificial positive designed to
ecreasing_Student_ and negative record the data of
Tardiness_Through_ reinforcement students’
Strategic_Reward_S contingencies to tardiness before
ystem_An_Action_R increase desirable and after the
esearch_Report behavior intervention. The
first tool devised
by the
researchers was
to attain
quantitative data
from the teachers
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 27
 and
administration
about the
lateness of
students in times.
The second tool
was designed in
order to gather
qualitative data
where the
students and
teachers were
given the
questionnaires to
record their
perceptions and
outputs regarding
student
tardiness.
Procedure:
The researchers
identified the
participants of
the study and
their consent to
participate in the
study. Later, the
pre-test was
carried out and
interventions
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 28
 were planned in
accordance. The
intervention was
made through
giving the
rewards either
tangible or
intangible to the
students every
time they come
to school on time.
Furthermore
Parents-teachers
conference was
also arranged
with those very
parents whose
wards were
observed to be
tardy, for that
consent of school
administration
was taken prior.
Finally, a post-
test was carried
out to see the
post intervention
impact.
Malone, S. K., Examine socio- IV: Locale: Findings from this The findings
Zemel, B., Compher, demographic study corroborate and the
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 29
C., Souders, M., and behavioral Socio- University of extensive findings descriptive
Chittams, J., characteristics demographic Pennsylvania that adolescents do statistics of the
Thompson, A. L., & associated with and behavioral Participants: not sleep enough on study can be
Lipman, T. H. sleep duration, characteristics One hundred school nights. compare to the
(2016). chronotype, of sleep- patterns fifteen School nurses methods that is
Characteristics and social jet of health participants should spearhead going to use in
associated with lag in behaviour and co- completed Phase and support the present
sleep duration, adolescents. morbidity I (self-reported initiatives to delay study.
chronotype, and sleep measures); high school start
social jet lag in DV: 69 of these times, ensure sleep
adolescents. The Sleep-related participants education is
Journal of School health completed Phase adequately
Nursing, 32(2), 120- disparities- II (actigraphy- represented in the
131. differences in the estimated sleep health curriculum,
health status of measures). Black and routinely
Retrieve from: different groups of adolescents had assess school night
https://www.ncbi.nlm people shorter free night and free night sleep.
.nih.gov/pmc/articles sleep than
/PMC4779703/ Hispanic
Instruments:
Independent
sample t tests,
ANOVAs,
Pearson’s
product moment
correlations, and
Spearman
correlations

Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 30
McGlinchey, E. L., This study aims Sleep Design: Within These findings This study used
Talbot, L. S., Chang, to further Deprivation- This group repeated support the to examine
K. H., Kaplan, K. A., investigate the happens when a measures importance of sleep vocal
Dahl, R. E., & relationship person failed to analysis involving for healthy expression of
Harvey, A. G. (2011). between sleep get the required sleep deprivation emotional emotion in
The effect of sleep loss and amount of sleep. and rested functioning in interviews
deprivation on vocal positive and Adolescents- conditions. adults, and further conducted at
expression of negative Any Locale: South suggest that 22:30 and
emotion in emotion with a person between Australia adolescents are 06:30. On that
adolescents and particular focus ages 10 and 19. Participants: differentially night,
adults. Sleep, 34(9), on comparing Positive Fifty-five healthy vulnerable to the participants
1233-1241. adolescents to Emotion- Any participants emotional slept a
adults. The feeling where completed the consequences of maximum of 2 h.
Retrieve from: second aim there is a lack of study. Thirty- sleep deprivation.
https://academic.oup was to negativity, such eight adolescents
.com/sleep/article/34 determine if that no pain or (15 female) aged
/9/1233/2454697 sleep discomfort is felt. 11-15 years and
deprivation Negative 17 adults (9
affects vocal Emotion- Are female) aged 30-
expression of described as any 60 years were
emotion feeling which recruited from
differently for causes a person flyers posted in
adolescents to be miserable the community
relative to and sad. and in online
adults. Vocal advertisements.
Expression- Instruments:
Adolescent
participants
completed the
self-rating scale
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 31
 for pubertal
development in
order to measure
pubertal status.
Procedure:
The study protocol
was approved by
the Institutional
Review Board of
the University of
California,
Berkeley. Adult
participants and
adolescent parents
or guardians were
told about the
procedures of the
study and gave
informed consent.
All participants
were compensated
for their time.
During the week
before the sleep
deprivation
protocol,
participants were
asked to keep a
detailed sleep
diary (for an
average of 5 days)
in their home

Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 32
 environment while
they maintained
their usual
sleep/wake
schedules.
The sleep
deprivation
protocol occurred
over 2 nights.

Owens, J. A., Belon, Examine the IV: Design: Online There was a The method of
K., & Moss, P. impact of a 30- School Start retrospective significant main this study can
(2010). Impact of minute delay in Time- where Sleep Habits effect of grade level be used to
delaying school start school start students start in Survey on sleep duration determine the
time on adolescent time on their school Locale: High (regardless of relative
sleep, mood, and adolescents' academic hours. School in Rhode survey, F = 28.32; percentage of
behavior. Archives sleep, mood, Island. P < .001), with 11th students rarely
of pediatrics & and behavior. Sleep patterns- Participants: and 12th graders or never getting
adolescent most significant Students (n = getting significantly enough sleep,
medicine, 164(7), determinants of a 201) in grades 9 less sleep than 9th never being
608-614. person’s normal through 12. and 10th graders satisfied with
sleep Instruments: on school nights; their sleep and
Retrieve from: Sleep Habits there was a never getting a
https://jamanetwork. DV: Survey difference of nearly good night's
com/journals/jamape Behavior, (Sleepiness 40 minutes sleep.
diatrics/fullarticle/38 daytime Scale and Sleep- between 9th and
3436 sleepiness, Wake Behavior 12th graders
mood, data from Problems Scale, (P < .001). There
the Health Depressed Mood was no sex
Center, and Scale, and difference in
absences/ or assessment of average duration of
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 33
 recorded morningness/ school night sleep,
tardiness eveningness.) and there were no
Procedure: All interactions among
students were sex, grade, and
asked to bring survey.
their laptops to
their regularly
scheduled group
advisory meeting,
access an e-mail
message from
the research
assistant (K.B.),
and complete the
electronic assent
form for the
survey. Students
who agreed to
participate were
then asked to
complete the
survey online
during the
advisory meeting;
students who
declined to
participate could
not access the
survey online.
Students who
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 34
 had not received
parental
permission to
complete the
survey were
instructed to work
on classroom
assignments
during the survey
administration
period. Students
who had not
received parental
consent to
participate in the
first survey were
not allowed to
complete the
second survey.
Patrick, Y., Lee, A., Investigate the IV: Design: Sleep deprivation The types of test
Raha, O., Pillai, K., effects of a Sleep Quantitative resulted in a that is present in
Gupta, S., Sethi, S., night of sleep Deprivation- This Participants: (m significant increase this study can
... & Smith, S. F. deprivation on happens when a ale: 2.0 kp = unfit, in reaction time and be use and it
(2017). Effects of cognitive and person lacks 2.5 kp = fit, post-exercise can be
sleep deprivation on physical sleep. Sleep 3.0 kp = athlete; systolic BP in comparable in
cognitive and performance in deprivation is female: university students the cognitive
physical students. common among 1.5 kp = unfit, after one night of and physical
performance in university 2.0 kp = fit, sleep deprivation, aspect of the
university students. students, and has 2.5 kp = athlete) compared to a respondents.
Sleep and biological been associated
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 35
rhythms, 15(3), 217- with poor Instruments: normal night’s
225. academic Paired two-tailed sleep.
performance and T tests and
Retrieved from: physical MANOVA.
https://www.ncbi.nlm dysfunction. Procedure:
.nih.gov/pmc/articles MonarkErgomedi
/PMC5489575/ DV: c
Cognitive 828e resistance
Performance- Is for each
the intellectual participant,
activity that (male: 2.0 kp =
includes unfit,
mental processes 2.5 kp = fit, 3.0
, such as, kp = athlete;
attention, female: 1.5 kp =
processing unfit,
speed, learning 2.0 kp = fit, 2.5
and memory, kp= athlete).
executive function
, verbal fluency,
and working
memory.
Submaximal
Exercise- Is any
physical activity
where the
intensity or
workload of a
particular exercis
e is increased at
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 36
 a steady rate, but
only works your
body up to 85
percent of your
maximum heart
rate.
Ratcliff, R., & Van In the present IV: Design: In the The finding suggest this study
Dongen, H. P. (2009). study, the Sleep present study, that sleep aimed to
Sleep deprivation measured Deprivation- the measured deprivation investigate the
affects multiple distinct effects of sleep Occurs when an effects of sleep degrades both effects of a
cognitive processes. deprivation on individual fails to deprivation on a attentional arousal night of sleep
Psychonomic Bulletin
a two-choice get enough sleep. two-choice (through state deprivation on
& Review, 16(4), 742-
751. numerosity numerosity instability) and cognitive and
discrimination DV: discrimination central processing. physical
Retrieve from: task. Multiple Distinct task. Indeed, our findings performance in
https://www.ncbi.nlm.n Cognitive Locale: show that sleep students.
ih.gov/pmc/articles/PM Processes- Washington deprivation has
C2797337/ Cognitive State University wide ranging
processes refer to Participants: A effects on brain
a number of tasks
total of 25 functioning,
the brain does
continuously. participants (13 affecting multiple,
Ranging from the women; age distinct components
stimulus processing range, 22–38 of cognition.
to the peripheral years) completed
non-decision the study.
processes. Instruments:
Urine and blood
chemistry tests,
and
questionnaires
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 37
 Procedure:
Cognitive
performance was
tested on a two-
choice
numerosity
discrimination
task. On each
trial, a number of
asterisks
between 31 and
70 was
generated and
placed in random
positions in a 10
× 10 array of
blank characters
in the upper left-
hand corner of an
LCD monitor.
Rivard, J. (2013). The purpose of IV: Design: The results suggest This study may
The effects of an this study is to Intervention Quantitative that the intervention be useful to for
intervention program determine if an Program-A Locale: program had a teachers,
on tardiness, intervention systematic California’s positive effect on administrators
absenteeism, and program can program that Central Valley improving student and other
academic have a offers assistance Participants: tardy rates and educators who
achievement of at- significant to students who The students in academic are considering
risk high school effect on are not the intervention achievement. The the
students (Doctoral increasing performing to program were data analysis also implementation
dissertation). student their full potential. comprised of 34 of intervention
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 38
 attendance, sophomore, suggested that programs that
Retrieve from: reducing DV: junior, and senior absenteeism was are designed to
https://scholarworks. tardiness and Tardiness-Arrival students who not significantly reduce
csustan.edu/bitstrea improving to class after the were reduced by this tardiness,
m/handle/01123581 academic final bell. recommended by program and increase
3/669/RivardJ.summ achievement. Truant- A student school continues to be a attendance and
er2013thesis.pdf?se who is over 30 counselors complex problem improve
quence=1 minutes late to because of poor for this school as achievement.
class or is absent grades and well as other
from school attendance schools.
without an Instruments:
excused absence. paired samples t-
Academic test
Achievement- A Procedure:
measure of Attendance,
student tardy, and GPA
performance as data that were
determined by the collected from
California the 2011-2012
Standard test for school
English language year before the
arts and program was
mathematics. initiated were
compared with
attendance,
tardy, and
GPA data from
the 2012-2013
school year, after
implementation
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 39
 of the Students
for
Success
Intervention
Program. Data
were entered into
the Statistics
Package for
Social Sciences
(SPSS). A
paired samples t-
test was
completed to
determine if there
was a significant
change between
pre- and
postintervention
GPA,
attendance, and
tardy rates.
Taylor, T. S. (2014). The purpose of DV: Design: Attendance has an The methods of
Do Minutes Matter?: this study was Tardiness- The Descriptive impact on this study can
Connecting to see how failure of a Locale: sub achievement, good be used as a
Tardiness to minutes matter student to be in urban school attendance has a basis in the
Academic by looking at the assigned district in Texas positive impact analysis of
Achievement the relationship class at the Participants: while poor variables in
(Doctoral between conclusion of the student attendance has a terms of
dissertation, tardiness and transition period. population of the negative impact and descriptive
school the positive impact
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 40
University of North academic IV: Instruments: may be even definition of
Texas). attainment. Academic Non-parametric greater than tardiness.
Achievement- statistical historically thought.
Retrieved from: Successful measure
https://digital.library. outcome on the (Spearman rho,
unt.edu/ark:/67531/ state math Wilcoxon)
metadc700113/m2/1 (TAKS) test, as Procedure:
/high_res_d/disserta determined by a Demographic
tion.pdf score that the information,
Texas attendance data,
Educational and test results
Agency considers were obtained
a passing result. through the
archived data
within the
district’s
electronic data
system.

Thomas, C. M., The purpose of IV: Design: The The longer clinical This study can
McIntosh, C. E., this pilot study General Sleep researchers used hours coupled with be used to
Lamar, R. A., & was to Habits a cross-sectional longer commuting differentiate the
Allen, R. L. (2017). understand -Nursing Program correlational may place students profile of the
Sleep deprivation in nursing and Clinical Hours design in situations that respondents
nursing students: students’ Locale: Mid- jeopardize their according to
The negative impact perception of DV: Western safety as well as their chosen
for quality and the relationship Safety at Work University compromise patient course.
safety. Journal of between sleep or Clinical safety.
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 41
Nursing Education deprivation and Experience- work Participants:
and Practice, 7(5), learning, and experience of Three hundred
87. personal and nurses and their twenty-eight pre-
patient safety safety licensure
Retrieved from: when in a undergraduate
https://www.researc clinical or work nursing student
hgate.net/publication setting. in a Mid-Western
/312251994_Sleep_ University were
deprivation_in_nursi invited to
ng_students_The_n participate in the
egative_impact_for_ study.
quality_and_safety Instruments: BM
SPSS Statistics
for the
Macintosh,
Version 22.0
Procedure:
Some students
reported being
awake 17-19
hours. The
majority of
students (n =
144) believed 12-
hour-clinicals
were too long,
yet more
than half of the
students
preferred 12-hour
Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 42
 work and clinical
experiences

Relationship between Sleep Deprivation and Tardiness among Grade 12 STEM-H Students | 43