International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 14, No. 7, July 2016
Implementation of Library Management System Using Radio Frequency
Identification Technology in Sindh Libraries
Hafeezullah Abdul Rehman1, Abdul Sattar Soomro2, Farhan Ali Surahio3, Awais Khan Jumani3,
1 Govt: Department of Education & Literacy, Karachi, Pakistan
2 Department of Mathematic & Computer Science, Sindh University of Jamshoro, Hyderabad, Pakistan
3Department of Computer Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mirs, Pakistan
Abstract—Shifting of manual records to computerize has
highlighted the need to provide an easier, faster, convenient,
User-friendly environment for storing, updating and retrieving
books information rapidly in Sindh Libraries. The aim of this
paper is to propose Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
technology based Library Management System for Sindh
Province. Traditionally, Systems are based on two tier
application and these are being considered time consume
systems as well as less secure. RFID is auto Identification book
recognition and retrieving information technology contains on
four components, it allows for handling quick Book issuance, to
theft detection and returning transactions. It is used readers and
passive tags that are able to store information into SQL Server
Database for reading and fetching the required record. The
experimental approach consist on C# .Net Framework using
Object Oriented Programming Methods and an application is
presented. By implementing of this new system in to existing
environment, it will be beneficial for people of Sindh Province.
Keywords— Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Technology; RFID Components; reader; RFID Tags
I. INTRODUCTION
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a scatter
technology, which enables unbounded data detain as well as
transaction processing. It is an automatic identification
function that uses for accumulating information and fetching
data using devices like RFID tags. Bar-Code Systems,
internet, e-commerce are modern technologies. Similarly,
RFID tool has been given us much safe solution and its
application is serving different sectors in various areas
including Libraries. Today libraries are implementing RFID
technology rapidly for improving library actions and its
efficiency in dealings, falling place of work injuries and
services for consumers. Many initial Library Management
System methods, which include issue and return of books,
inventory and materials managing, become much easier, faster
and more effective. Competence has always been the motto of
library experts across the globe in the venture to provide an
improved service to the consumer society. RFID permits save
cost and power and ensure more well-organized operations. It
assists the librarian to take less time to inventory and check
dues of members.
419
It is also enables to librarian to protect books theft easily due
to their readers or sensors. RFID has been providing a
mechanism to save your precious time and painful typing
efforts [1].
This paper presents Library management application using
Radio Frequency Identification technology. Sindh is the
province of Pakistan and there is no prior RFID based Library
application is available. The task has accomplished with
C#.Net framework using object oriented programming
methods.
II. RFID COMPONENTS
It has main four components including RFID Tags, Readers
or Sensors, Antenna, Server [2] and their description are given
below.
A. RFID Tags
Unique information is programmed with it. The RFID
System core is a tag, which can be fixed surrounded by a book
cover or backside of the book or directly on to solid disc
known as CD and Videos. It is capable with a chip and it is
programmable and an antenna. There are three kinds of tags
including Passive, Active, and Semi Passive tags. No built-in
command source is available in passive tags. It is given by
radio frequency wave created by the reader that includes in the
antenna, a tiny but adequate electrical current to enable the tag
active. When the tag comes into the position range of radio
frequency waves field which is created by reader, it uses that
force to power up its inclusive components and to correspond
the reader.
On the other side, internal power source is found into
active tags. It detains require necessary power for the tag and
its operation over a period of time. It beeps at particular
intervals; the battery life is created by the frequency of its
beeps.
Moreover, Semi passive tags are alike active tag because
they have source of power and it has own status, but, the
battery for powering the chip. The frequency of radio energy
is reflected reverse to the reader similar to passive tag. Semi
passive tags are matching the active tag one in reliability while
featuring the useful reading position range of passive tag.
They often keep longer the active tags as well.
https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
ISSN 1947-5500
 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 14, No. 7, July 2016
B. READERS
Readers one of the most important devices known as
receivers and it is compiled of a radio frequency (RF) unit, an
element is present for controlling and an antenna to cross-
examine via frequency of the radio interacting to electronic
tags. An antenna generates RF field once the reader to get
power. Through the field, when a tag crosses, the detail is
saved on the microchip. The tag is receiver interpreted and
sent it to the server, In addition, it communicates with our
presented library management application when the RFID
system is interface with it. Two types of reader or sensors are
available; one type can read the information and sent it to
server. It checks the circulation of SQL server database and it
turns switch ON or OFF to show the transaction of SQL Server
Database. Readers or sensors in RFID library are used in the
following way.
 Station of Conversation: where data of library is
written to the tag.
 An area of staff at transmission: used to charge
and discharge of the library material.
 Leave out platform or station: checking out of
material with assistance of interference of
employer.
 Check in platform or station: checking in of
material without assistance of staff.
 Exit sensors: it is verified that material has been
leave out properly.
 Book Drop reader: it can do automatically
liberate material and reactive protection.
 Sorter: it is system which returns the material to
appropriate area of library.
 Hand held reader: it is providing facility for
entering and substantiating proper shelving of
the library material [2].
C. ANTENNA
The antenna generates signals known as Radio Signal (RS)
which initialize the tag and write data to it. Antenna is the
contacting channel between tag and sensor. It helps to control
the system’s data acquisition and contacting. An antenna
generates electromagnetic field and it can be persistently
present when multiple tags are expected frequently. It can be
built into a frame of door to get tag data from member or non
member of library belonging passing through the door [3]. An
important part has been playing a gate known as Sensor gate.
It is useful for catching and reading details from Label called
RFID Labels, which are carried via a door. Sensor gate
provides the number of media that express which books were
stolen. Two or three antennas are parallel together which is
based on readers. The aisle width of two antennas 90cm (35
inches) and 1.8m (70 inches) with three antennas [3].
420
D. SERVER
Server is the main system of RFID [4]. It is a path of
communication between different components. It gets
information from more than one reader and exchange the
information with the SQL Server Database. Server is involved
with transaction for producing daily reports.
III. RELATED WORK
It is observed that, lot of work has been done by
researchers. Lakshshmi [5] has propped library management
system using RFID for rapid transaction and handling
issuance and returns of the books. Readers and passive tags
were used to store and read information. Moreover, Priyanka
[6] has given a Library Management system for quick
transaction flow and RFID tags were used to calculate the time
of books absence. Furthermore, VimalRaj [7] has presented a
system of library, which is able to store the information of
books, journals and DVDs. The System eliminates the tedious
problem of finding books. In addition, Moiz [8] proposed a
system of library management based on UHF RFID readers
along with antennas and also discussed on elimination of
transaction module from presented RFID based Library
Management System. Likewise, Annaraman [9] has proposed
smart RFID system, which is wireless non-contact system that
uses radio frequency for transferring data from a tag attached
to an object.
IV. PROPOSED WORK
In our proposed work, we have presented an application
divided into four steps including self check-in, Check-out,
shelf management and book drop. In first step, when a Student
borrow a book from counter or return a book, Students first of
all identify themselves using the tag provided to them. The
librarian uses reader to read tags make insert into database. In
second step, after identifying the ID card of Student which is
given by librarian, Student will choose an action of check-in
or check-out one or more books. When a Student puts a
book(s) in front of RFID reader, it will display the information
of book including title, author name and book ID etc. In third
step, Shelf management is better way for organizing books on
shelves that can be easily locate them. It is the responsibility
of librarian to check the stock of the books, inventory, and
search misplaced books etc. In Final step, trays are available
for drop books. The reader reads the tag and indicates to
Student that books successfully returned. Setup image has
been taken from internet as a prototype which is illustrates in
“Fig.1.”.
Fig.1. RFID Library Setup in Sindh [10]
https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
ISSN 1947-5500
 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 14, No. 7, July 2016

In “Fig.1.” illustrates the setup of library in Sindh, which is “Fig.4.”, “Fig.5.” and “Fig.6.” are representing Graphical
taken from an internet as a prototype. The setup model is User Interface of proposed Library Management system.
similar to current environment. Sensor gate has implemented
at the entrance point for theft detection and staff has taken into
service for tagging the books. The all modules of our
presented application are interfaced with computer with RFID
reader. Traditionally implemented and proposed system
flowchart depicted in “Fig.2.” and “Fig.3”.

Fig.4. Illustrates Login Screen

Fig.2. Displays implemented library System in Sindh

Already existing Library system of Sindh is taking much time

for identification of student, search books availability and
stock maintenance. Furthermore, it has been observed that,
system is not able to theft detection. In our presented
application associated with RFID can perform easily via
sensor gate.

Fig.5. Illustrates Book Issuance

Fig.3. Displays Proposed library System in Sindh

In our presented work, books information and its rack position

already stored into database, student finds book from database
by using implemented kiosk for checking availability of book
and shows RFID tags to RFID reader for inserting or updating
the records. Thus, when student shows tag to reader keep the
book on right place and it receives a return book message. In Fig.6. Displays Books Return
addition, Librarian can easily trace the location of the book by
using RFID reader. Data Manipulation Language (DML) and “Fig.4.” displays a login screen, which requires credentials of
Data Definition Language (DDL) are used for inserting, librarian. “Fig.5.” and “Fig.6.” displays books issuance and
updating and retrieving the records and Classes are used for return forms. These forms have different tabs for entering
designing objects. All efforts have done using C#.net. more information about books such as Author Name,
Publisher etc by clicking on add object.

421 https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
ISSN 1947-5500
 International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 14, No. 7, July 2016

V. DISCUSSION [8] Moiz.S.A, Naveed.G.K, Automated RFID based Library

Libraries have been rapidly adopting RFID technology in all Management Systems, Symposium on Information and
over the world for quick book access, store information and Computer Sciences,2011.
prevent for theft detection. Many researchers have been
written papers for implementation of RFID technology in [9] Annaraman,P.Thamarai,T.V.U.Kiran.K, Smart Library
libraries. Sindh is the Province of Pakistan where almost Management System using RFID, International Journal
libraries using two tier applications. By using these of Advance Research in Electrical Electronics and
applications they are facing lot of problems including books Instrumentation Engineering, Vol.4., No.4., April 2015,
stock maintenance, keep safe from stolen, to handle students pp.1-10.
multitude, placing and managing racks etc. we have proposed
an application using RFID technology which fulfils their [10] http://www.rfid-library.com/
required need. The experiment is based on C#.Net framework
which helps us to designed interface and Data Manipulation
Language, Data Definition Language are used for inserting
and retrieving the record into database.
CONCLUSION
Radio Frequency Identification technology is used for tracing
the books location, store and fetch information rapidly by
using passive tags. Readers help to reads the tags. It is more
popular because it auto identification book recognition. This
paper presented a Library Management System using RFID
technology for Sindh province. It has not introduced prior. It
will be helpful and fruitful for people living across the Sindh
Province.
REFERENCES

[1] Ghouse, M.N, Mamdapur, Iqbalahmed.U.R,

Implementing radio frequency identification technology
in libraries:Advantages and Disadvantages, Internation
Journal of Library and Information Science, Vol.3, No.3,
March 2011, pp. 46-57.
[2] Nisha F, Bakhshi SI, Ali N, RFID System: A boon for
libraries, 4th International convention caliber
Ahmedabad: Inflibnet, 2006, pp.554-555.
[3] Kern.C, Radio-frequency-identification for security and
media circulation in Libraries, Electro.Lib, 2004, 22,
pp.317-324.
[4] Sujatha.G, frequency identification (RFID) technology
in library management, Pearl, 2007, 1: , pp.22-24.
[5] Sree.L.A, Library Management System using RFID
Technology, International Journal of Computer Science
and Information Technology, Vol.5, No.6, 2014, pp.1-
54n Pan via Bluetooth. International Journal of Scientific
and Research Publications, 2013, 3(6) pp.1-4.
[6] Priyanka.G,Anshul.A, Radio Frequency Identification
based Library Management System, International
Journal of Advance Computer Science and Applications,
Vol.1, No.1, july 2010, pp.1-5.
[7] SVimalraj,Sameera.S,RFID based Library Management
System, International Journal of Innovative Research in
Advance Engnieering, Vol.2, No.1, January 2015, pp.14.

422 https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
ISSN 1947-5500