Submitted To : Submitted By:

Dr. Sanjay Bhargav Shweta Rathi

Roll No. 35
 What is nanocomputing
 Architectures
 Moore’s law
 How nanocomputer works
 Application of nanocomputing
 Quantum Mechanics
 Quantum vs Classical Computing
 Prospects Of quantum computing
 Risks in nanocomputing
 Conclusion
Nanocomputing
describes those
componants that uses
extremely small or
nanoscale devices.
 Two forces driving the need for new
circuits design and architectures.
 Invention of devices and technologies
that have completly different physical
principles from FET.
 New processing technologies combining
CMOS functions with other functions.
 3D Integration
Quantam Cell Automata
Quantum Computing
 Array of quantum dots.
 An extension of the CNN concept is that of
quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA). This
architecture uses arrangements of single
electrons that communicate with each other by
Coulomb repulsion over large arrays.
 The arrangement of electrons at the edges
provides the computational output. The electron
arrangements of QCA are controlled by an
external clock and operate according to the rules
of Boolean logic.
Another potential architecture is that of
"crossbar switching" in which molecules
are placed at the intersections of
nanometer-scale wires. These molecules
provide coupling between the wires and
provide computing functionality.
 Physical integrate emerging devices that have
different technology.

 Microprocessors with ASCIs etc.

 Molecular with plastic,or quantam conductors .
CMOS with dissimilar material systems

Reduce global inteconnect

Enables mixed technology solution..

 It is associated with the need to integrate

dissimilar technologies on a common platform to
deliver an optimum info processing solution.
 According to moore’s law,the no of
transistors that will fit on a silicon chip
doubles every 18 months.
 Presently microprocessors have more than
40 million transistors; by 2012 they could
have up to 5 billions.
 By the year 2020 the trend line of moore’s
law states that there should be a 1
nanometer feature size…..
 Nanocomputer would work by storing data in
the form of atomic quantum states or
spin..(SEM and quantum dots)
 There are several methods of nanoelectronic
data storage currently being
researched.Among the most promising are
set electron transistors and quantum dots.
 All of these devices function based upon the
principles of quantum mechanics…
 Quantum devices store info. By using the
phase of a quantum wave function c/d a
qubit.
 Qubit are sensitive to external environment
 Qubits are very small properties being made of
atoms,ions,photons or electrons.
 Can control this entanglement using physical
gates.
 To perform a useful function,we can manipulate
wave functions and then read the result.
 In general quantum 2 state system ,c/d a
quantum bit or qubit.
 Quantum computer
 Displays
 Quantum computer would be exponentialy
faster than modern computer.
(e.g. A supercomputer trying to find one
phone number in a database of all the world's
phone books would take a month, Chuang
says. A quantum computer could do it in 27
minutes.)
 It would break the most sophisticated code.
 Its fast enough to do computer simulations
for nuclear explosions.
 Quantum computers might prove especially
useful in the following applications :
 Breaking ciphers
 Statistical analysis
 Factoring large numbers
 Solving problems in theoretical physics
 Solving optimization problems in many
variables.
 It requires that the state of qubits be
mainted for a long time for a computation to
complete.
 Only few problems have been exhibited for
which quntum mechanics offers an
advantage.
 Electrons scientists need to develop new
circuits to cope with nano circuits working
with carbon nanotubes.
 The transistors will be 100 times smaller
than the thickness of human hair.
 The ultracapacitors produces high heat till
today there is no remedy given to cool it.
Nanobased quantum computers would
revolutionize computing and increse their
computing power tremendously.
It covers the underlying physics
,reliability and nanoscale quantum,optical
and molecular computing.
 http://www.mitre.org/tech/nanotech/ourwor
k/nano_papers.html#nanoelectronics
 http://www.nanocare-ag.com/produkte
 http://www.nanotechproject.org/inventories/
consumer/browse/products/canola_active_oil
 http://nanocomputer.flyingelectron.com
 http://forum.s1mp3.org/viewforum.php
 http://www.nanonewsnet.com
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocomputer