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3intan2016 Writingquantitativeresearchproposalcasestudy
3intan2016 Writingquantitativeresearchproposalcasestudy
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Guido Benny
Taylor's University
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3. WRITING A QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH PROPOSAL / THESIS
SKST 6404:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
IN DEFENCE STUDIES
2
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Title Scope and Limitations
Abstract Significance
Introduction/ Review of Literature
Background Theoretical &
Problem Statement Conceptual Framework
Rationale/Research Definition of variables
Questions Methodology
Purpose/Aims/ Overview of Chapters
Objectives Plan of Work
Hypothesis Bibliography
3
Tips on Titles, from “Piled Higher and Deeper”
4
Creating a Working Title
Orient your readers to your research topic.
Indicate the type of study you will conduct.
Examples:
Public Opinion of Regional Cooperation and the Formation of ASEAN
Community: A Comparative Study in Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore
The Evolving Southeast Asia – China Relations: The Security and Military
Dimensions
Implication of China’s Accession to the WTO on Malaysia’s Export to China
and Manufacturing Foreign Direct Investment Inflows into Malaysia
Big Power in East Asia: Perception and Attitudes of the Public in Indonesia,
Malaysia and Vietnam
Security in the Korean Peninsula: DPRK’s Perplexity towards China’s
Influence
5
Abstract
Provide a brief overview of the proposal
Summarize important elements
(In Proposal: Introduction, Problem Statement, Research
Questions or Hypotheses, Theories, Methods and Procedures)
(In the Final Report: same as above + Conclusions and
Implications).
ASEAN has outlined ambitious plans to integrate the region by the end of 2015 through its
community building initiatives. While the economic integration appears to be moving fast,
the awareness and participation among public to this initiative seems to be lacking. The
proposed research will study “attitudes and participation” of young professionals in Malaysia,
Indonesia and Vietnam towards the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). It will examine in
detail aspects of awareness, attitudes, perceived relevancy, perceived impact, as well as
preparedness, involvement and supports for the AEC. Using public choice theory, it will use
opinion survey method in soliciting information from some 750 young professionals, with
equal distribution from each country. Since researches based on opinion surveys about
ASEAN are scarce, the findings of this study will reveal valuable insights into the nature of
attitudes and participation. It will also be useful for policy consideration and programme
6
planning, aimed at integrating the young professionals in the AEC initiatives.
Introduction/Background
Establish the general territory (introduction about
real world of research).
Describe the broad foundations of your study—
provide sufficient background for readers.
Indicate the general scope of your project.
Provide an overview of the sections that will appear
in your proposal (optional).
Engage the readers to the problems / issues.
7
Problem Statement
8
Research Questions
Provide a more detailed account of the points
summarized in the introduction.
Describe the research questions.
May include one main question and some more
detailed questions
Example of Main Q: How does knowledge and perception towards
ASEAN influenced public attitudes for ASEAN Community?
Detailed Questions:
1. How knowledgeable is the public about ASEAN, ASEAN Community?
2. What perception does the public have of the ASEAN Community?
3. What are the public’s attitudes and supports towards the ASEAN Community?
4. How does the knowledge and perception influence public atttitudes and
supports for the ASEAN Community
9
Research Objectives
Explain the goals and research objectives of the study: how to answer
the research questions
Show the original contributions of your study.
Knowledge: to define, to describe, to identify, to indicate, to recognize, etc.
Comprehension: to assess, to compare, to contrast, to demonstrate, to describe, to
differentiate, to discuss, to distinguish, to explain, to interpret, to predict, to understand,
etc.
Application: to apply, to calculate, to examine, to investigate, to measure (quantitative),
to utilize, etc.
Analysis: to analyze, to criticize, to identify, to infer, to measure (quantitative), to
summarize.
Synthesis: to arrange, to collect, to combine, to compose, to construct, to create,
to develop, to formulate, to generalize, to integrate, to suggest, etc.
Evaluation: to appraise, to assess, to compare, to determine, to estimate (quanti),
to evaluate (quanti), to measure (quanti), to project (quanti), to rank, to rate, to
recommend, to revise, to select, to test.
10
Research Objectives
13
Hypothesis
Hypothesis is the preliminary answers to your research questions that will
be tested in the study.
14
Review of Literature
16
Conceptual Framework
Specify which model or framework you will use for the
study.
Independent variables?
Dependent variables?
Mediating Variables?
Intervening Variables?
19
Overview of Chapters
20
Bibliography & Appendices
Include a working bibliography of key texts that inform your
study and methodology.
Your appendices may include Experiment Diagrams,
Permissions for Human Subject Testing, etc.
21
In the Thesis: Findings and Analysis
What is the findings of your research.
Must answer all Research Questions / achieve Research Objectives.
ANALYSIS
Analysis on the findings of your research.
Compare to previous studies.
Hypothesis testing
Think about implications of the findings
There are some (or several) arguments in answering your research questions.
These arguments must be supported by facts or examples or illustrations
Details: Read: Guidelines on writing a first quantitative academic article
22
In the Thesis: Findings and Analysis
How to divide chapters?
Typical Quantitative Studies: One chapter for findings; another
chapter for Analysis
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Theoretical and Conceptual Framework, and
Methodology
Chapter 3: Findings
Chapter 4: Analysis
Chapter 5: Conclusion
23
In the Thesis: Findings and Analysis
How to divide chapters?
Qualitative / Quantitative Studies: Divided by Research Questions
/ Issues / Variables.
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Nationalism sentiments in three Countries
Chapter 3: Opinions of the formation of ASEAN Community
Chapter 4: Effects of nationalism sentiments on Opinions for the
Formation of ASEAN Community
Chapter 5: Conclusion
24
In the Thesis: Writing Conclusion
Conclusion is not summary.
Conclusion = answers of your research questions in brief form
(much shorter than findings and analyses).
Dedicate only one or two paragraphs for each research question.
3.5. Casestudy:
Quantitative Study
Benny, G., Moorthy, R., Daud, Sity & Othman, Z. 2015. Impact of
Nationalist Sentiments and Commitment for Prioritising the ASEAN
Economic Community: Empirical Analysis from Survey in Indonesia,
Malaysia and Singapore. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences
6(1S1): 188 – 199.
28
2. Literature Review
How is the extent of past researches regarding this issue?
29
3. Hypothesis
What are the hypotheses?
30
4. Methodology
Research Approach?
Method of data collection?
What are the object of the study?
What are the instruments of study?
How many respondents are involved?
What are the Dependent variable? Predictors?
What methods of analysis are used?
31
5. Results and Discussion
What are the findings?
Are the hypothesis confirmed or rejected?
32
7. Conclusion
What are the conclusions?
What are the implications?
What are the suggestions for future research?
33
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