Boeing 747

The Boeing 747 is a wide-body commercial airliner and cargo transport, often referred to by its original
nickname, Jumbo Jet, or Queen of the Skies. It is among the world's most recognizable aircraft, and was
the first wide-body ever produced. First flown commercially in 1970, the 747 held the passenger
capacity record for 37 years.

The four-engine 747 uses a double deck configuration for part of its length. It is available in passenger,
freighter and other versions. Boeing designed the 747's hump-like upper deck to serve as a first class
lounge or (as is the general rule today) extra seating, and to allow the aircraft to be easily converted to a
cargo carrier by removing seats and installing a front cargo door. By June 2010, 1,418 aircraft had been
built, with 109 more in various configurations remaining on order.

Specifications

Measurement 747-100B 747-200B 747-300 747-400 747-8I

747-400ER

Cockpit Crew 3 2

Length 231 ft 10 in (70.6 m) 250 ft 2 in (76.25 m)

Interior cabin 20 feet (6.1 m)

width
Wingspan 195 ft 8 in (59.6 m) 211 ft 5 in (64.4 m) 224 ft 7 in (68.5 m)

Wing area 5,500 ft2 (510.95 m2) 5,650 ft2 (525 m2) 5963 ft2 (554 m2)

Wing sweep 37.5°

Aspect ratio 6.9 7.9 8.5

Tail height 63 ft 5 in (19.3 m) 63 ft 8 in (19.4 m) 63 ft 6 in (19.4 m)

Operating empty 358,000 lb 383,000 lb 392,800 lb 393,263 lb 472,900 lb

weight (162,400 kg) (174,000 kg) (178,100 kg) (178,756 kg) (214,503 kg)
ER: 406,900 lb
(184,600 kg)

Maximum takeof 735,000 lb 833,000 lb 875,000 lb 975,000 lb

f weight (333,390 kg) (377,842 kg) (396,890 kg) (442,253 kg)
ER: 910,000 lb
(412,775 kg)
 Cruising speed Mach 0.84 Mach 0.85 Mach 0.855
(at 35,000 ft (555 mph, 893 km/h, 481 knots ) (567 mph, (570 mph,
(11,000 m) 913 km/h, 493 kn) 918 km/h, 495 kn)
altitude) ER: Mach 0.855
(570 mph,
918 km/h, 495 kn)

Maximum speed Mach 0.89 Mach 0.92

(594 mph, 955 km/h, 516 kn) (614 mph, 988 km/h, 533 kn)

Required runway 10,466 ft (3,190 m) 10,893 ft 9,902 ft (3,018 m) 10,138 ft (3,090 m)

at MTOW (3,320 m) ER: 10,138 ft
(3,090 m)

Maximum range 5,300 nmi 6,850 nmi 6,700 nmi 7,260 nmi 8,000 nmi
at MTOW (9,800 km) (12,700 km) (12,400 km) (13,450 km) (14,815 km)
ER: 7,670 nmi
(14,205 km)
Max. fuel 48,445 U.S. gal 52,410 U.S. gal 57,285 U.S. gal 64,225 U.S. gal
capacity (40,339 imp (43,640 imp gal/199,158 L) (47,700 imp gal/216, (53,478 imp gal/243,
gal/183,380 L) 840 L) 120 L)
ER: 63,705 U.S. gal
(53,045 imp gal/241,
140 L)

Engine models PW JT9D-7A/- PW JT9D- PW JT9D- PW 4062 GEnx-2B67

(x 4) 7F/-7J 7R4G2 7R4G2 GE CF6-80C2B5F
RR RB211-524B2 GE CF6-50E2 GE CF6- RR RB211-524G/H
RR RB211- 80C2B1 ER: GE CF6-80C2B5F
524D4 RR RB211-
524D4
Engine thrust PW 46,500 lbf PW PW PW 63,300 lbf 66,500 lbf
(per engine) (207 kN) 54,750 lbf 54,750 lbf (282 kN) (296 kN)
RR 50,100 lbf (244 kN) (244 kN) GE 62,100 lbf
(223 kN) GE GE (276 kN)
52,500 lbf 55,640 lbf RR
(234 kN) (247 kN) 59,500/60,600 lbf
RR RR (265/270 kN)
53,000 lbf 53,000 lbf ER: GE 62,100 lbf
(236 kN) (236 kN) (276 kN)
Development
On September 30, 1968, the first 747 was rolled out of the Everett assembly building before the world's
press and representatives of the 26 airlines that had ordered the airliner. Over the following months,
preparations were made for the first flight, which took place on February 9, 1969, with test pilots Jack
Waddell and Brien Wygle at the controls and Jess Wallick at the flight engineer's station. Despite a minor
problem with one of the flaps, the flight confirmed that the 747 handled extremely well. The 747 was
found to be largely immune to "Dutch roll", a phenomenon that had been a major hazard to the early
swept-wing jets. The 747 achieved its FAA airworthiness certificate in December 1969, making it ready for
introduction into service.

Entry into service

On January 15, 1970, First Lady of the United States Pat Nixon christened Pan Am's first 747, Clipper
Victor, at Dulles International Airport (later renamed Washington Dulles International Airport) in the
presence of Pan Am chairman Najeeb Halaby. Instead of champagne, red, white and blue water was
sprayed on the aircraft. The 747 entered service on January 22, 1970, on Pan Am's New York–London
route; the flight had been planned for the evening of January 21, but engine overheating made the
original aircraft unusable. Finding a substitute delayed the flight by more than six hours to the following
day.