B.

PRACTICE
Hierarchy of difficulty

Provide your own examples for each of the level of difficulty and write your
recommendation or prediction or hypotheses about the level(s) that may cause significant
difficulty for the Vietnamese learners of English.

Level Claim Your own Your prediction

examples
Level 0 There is no difference between two
Transfer languages as far as the certain item
is concerned. Hence, there is no
barrier for the learner and he can
transfer without any difficulty a
certain sound, lexical item ,
structure
Level 1 This is when two items in one
Coalescence language become one item or
equivalent in other language . In
this case the learner must put aside
the item which he adapted and
forget about it while he is using the
other language.
Level 2 This is a case in which an item from
Underdifferentiation native language is not present in
the target language . The learner
must avoid this item
Level 3 An item that is present in native
Reinterpretation language has a new form or
distribution in target language.
Example: tenses in Serbian
language are used in a different
way and there isn’t the same
number of tenses.
Level 4 This is a case when we have a
Overdifferentiation completely new item which does
not exist or it has little or no
similarity to any item in the other
language. In this scenario the
learner must adopt the new
language item.
Level 5 Split This is when one item in native
language become two or even
more items in the target language ,
which forces the learner to make a
new difference between items.

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