Đề cương ôn tập tiếng anh 9

Chương 1: Tenses - Các thì trong tiếng anh

1.Thì hiện tại thường(Present simple)
a.Với động từ Tobe:
 is : He/ She /It /Mai
 are : They / You/ We / Mai and Lan
 am : I
*Eg: I am a student
He is a teacher
They are students
* Form. (+) S + am/is/are + N/ O.
(-) S + am/is/are + not + N/O.
(?)Am/is/are + S + N/O ?
- Yes, S + am/is/are.
- No, S + am/is/are + not.
* Chú ý: - am not không có dạng viết tắt.
- is not = isn’t / are not = aren’t.
b. V?i d?ng t? thu?ng:
* Form. (+) He/ She/ It /Lan + V(s/es) + O.
(+) You/ We/ They / I /Lan and Hoa + V (bare-inf) + O. (-) He/ She/ It/ Lan + does-not + V(bare-inf) + O.
(-) You/ We / They / I /Lan and Hoa + do-not + V(bare-inf) + O.
(?) Does + He/ She/ It / Lan / Hoa+ V(bare-inf) + O ?
Yes, he/she/it + does.
No, he/she/it + does-not.
(?) Do + They / You/ We / Lan and Hoa + V(bare-inf) + O ?
Yes, they/you/we + do.
No, they/you/we + do-not.
* Chĩ ý: - doesnot = doesn’t / donot = don’t.
* Eg: He watches TV everynight.
They watch TV
She does not watch TV
Do you watch TV?
c. Cc tr?ng t? thu?ng di v?i thì hin t?i thu?ng (Adv)
- Usually/often/sometimes/seldom/rarely/never.
- Everyday/morning/afternoon/evening…..
- Today.
d. Cch dng :
Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng:- thu?ng xuyn x?y ra
- Hnh d?ng l?p di l?p l?i
- M?t s? th?t hi?n nhin.
2.Thì hi?n t?i ti?p diƠn (Present progressive).
* Form: (+) S + am/is/are + V-ing + O.
(-) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing + O.
(?) Am/is/are + S + V-ing + O?
Yes, S + am/is/are.
No, S + am/is/are-not.
* Eg: He is reading book now
They are listening to music.
What are you doing now ?
* Cch dng:
Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng dang x?y ra t?i th?i di?m nĩi
DiƠn t¶ k ho¹ch hay d ®Þnh s x¶y ra trong t-¬ng lai. ( K ho¹ch hay d ®Þng ® ®· ®-ỵc s¾p ®Ỉt tr-íc.)
* Adv : now, at the moment, at present, right now, at this time.
3.Thì hi?n t?i hồn thnh ( Present perfect).
* Form: (+) S + has / have + PII (ed/ct 3) + O.
(-) S + has /have + not + PII (ed/ct 3) + O.
(?) Has / have + S + PII (ed/ct 3) + O ?
Yes, S + have/has.
No, S + have/has-not.
Chĩ ý: - Have: I/you/we/they/Lan and Hoa.
Havenot = haven’t.
- Has: he/she/it/Lan.
Hasnot = hasn’t.
Eg: I have just seen my sister in the park.
She has finished her homework recently.
Cch dng:
- Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng v?a m?i x?y ra hay hµnh ®ng x¶y ra trong qu¸ kh mµ kh«ng r thi gian .
Hnh d?ng x?y ra trong qu kh? v cịn tip tơc diƠn ra hi?n t?i.
Hµnh ®ng x¶y ra trong qu¸ kh mµ kt qu¶ cßn l­u ®n hiƯn t¹i.
Adv: just, recently, ever, never, already, since, for, so far, yet, up to now.
4.Thì qu kh? thu?ng( Past simple).
a.V?i d?ng t? Tobe:
* Form:
(+) S + were/was + O.
(-) S + were/was-not + O.
(?) Were/was +S + O ?
Yes, S + were/was.
No, S + were/was-not.
Chĩ ý: - Was : I/he/she/it/Lan.
Wasnot = wasn’t
- Were : you/we/they/Lan and Hoa.
Werenot = weren’t
Eg: He was absent from class yesterday.
Were they in hospital last month?
b.V?i d?ng t? thu?ng:
Form: (+) S + V(ed/ct 2) + O.
(-) S+ did not + V(bare-inf) + O.
(?) Did + S + V(bare-inf) + O ?
Yes, S + did. / No, S + did not.
Chĩ ý: - Did ®-ỵc sư dơng víi tt c¶ c¸c ng«i, s Ýt hay s nhiỊu.
- Did : I/you/we/they/she/he/it
Lan/ Lan and Hoa.
- Did not = didn’t.
Eg: Tom went to Paris last summer.
He did not watch TV last night.
Did you go to HCM city ?
c.Adv
- Yesterday, ago, last month/ year/ …
- in 1990/….
d.Cch dng :
Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng d x?y ra trong qu kh?
5.Thì qu kh? tip di?n (Past progressive).
* Form: (+) S + Was/ were + V- ing + O.
(-) S + Was/ were + not + V- ing + O.
(?) Was/ were + S + V- ing + O?
Yes, S + were/was.
No, S + were/was-not.
Eg: I was doing my homework at 6 p.m last Sunday.
I was cooking while my sister was washing the dishes.
Cch dng :
Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng dang x?y ra trong qu kh? th?i gian xc d?nh c? th?
Di?n t? hai hay nhi?u hnh d?ng cng x?y ra trong qu kh?
Eg:+ Last night, I was reading book while my father was watching
TV.
+ The light went out when the storm came.
Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng x?y ra thì m?t hnh d?ng kh?c d?n.
Eg: + The mailman came while I was sleeping.
+ We were singing when the teacher came.
6.Thì qu kh? hồn thnh (Past perfect) .
* Form : (+) S + had + PII (ed/ct 3) + O.
(-) S + had + not + PII (ed/ct 3) + O.
(?) Had + S + PII ( ed/ct 3) + O?
Yes, S + had./ No, S + hadnot.
* Chĩ ý: - Had ®-ỵc sư dơng víi tt c¶ c¸c ng«i, s Ýt hay s nhiỊu.
- Had: I/you/we/they/she/he/it/Lan and Hoa/Lan.
- Hadnot = hadn’t
* Eg: We had lived in Hue before 1975.
After the chrildren had finished their homework, they went to bed.
Cch dng:
- Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng x?y ra v d hồn thnh trong qu kh?
( Trong cu cĩ hai hnh d?ng thì hnh d?ng x?y ra tru?c dng ? qu kh? hồn thnh cịn hnh d?ng sau dng thì qu kh? thu?ng )
7. Thì tuong lai thu?ng (Future simple).
 * Form : (+) S + Will + V(bare-inf) + O.
(-) S + Will-not + V(bare-inf) + O.
(?) Will + S + V(bare-inf) + O ?
Yes, S + will / No, S + will-not.
* Chĩ ý: - Will ®-ỵc sư dơng víi tt c¶ c¸c ng«i, s Ýt hay s nhiỊu.
- Will: I/you/we/they/he/she/it/Lan and Hoa/Lan.
- Will-not = won’t.
* Eg: - I will call you tomorrow.
- He ‘ll come back next week.
Adv. Tomorrow, next week/ month …, soon
Cch dng :
Di?n t? m?t hnh d?ng s? x?y ra ? tuong lai (Hµnh ®ng ® kh«ng ch¾c ch¾n x¶y ra).
Tiªn ®o¸n ®iỊu g× ® s x¶y ra trong t-¬ng lai nh-ng da vµo ý kin c¸ nh©n.
DiƠn t¶ mt quyt ®Þnh mµ ai ® s lµm trong t­¬ng lai t¹i thi ®iĨm ni.
8. Thì tuong lai gÇn (Be going to).
* Form: (+) She / He / It / Lan + is + going to + V(bare-inf) + O.
They / You / We / Lan and Hoa + are + going to + V(bare-inf) +O.
I + am + going to + V(bare-inf) + O.
(-) She/ He / It / Lan + isn’t + going to + V(bare-inf) + O.
They / You / We / Lan and Hoa + aren’t + going to + V(bare-inf) + O.
I + amnot + going to + V(bare-inf) + O.
(?) Is + she / he / it / Lan + going to + V(bare-inf) + O ?
Yes, she/ he / it + is. \ No, S + she / he / it + isn’t.
Are + they / you / we / Lan and Hoa + going to + V(bare-inf) + O ?
Yes , they / I / we + are. \ No, they / I / we + aren’t.
*Eg: - My father is going to visit Ha long Bay .
- We aren’t going to come to Hoa’s birthday party.
* Cch dng :
- Di?n t? hnh d?ng s?p s?a x?y ra ho?c m?t d? d?nh s?p t?i (thu?ng trong cu khơng cĩ c?m t? th?i gian).
- Tiªn ®o¸n ®iỊu g× ® s x¶y ra trong t­¬ng lai nh­ng da vµo du hiƯu hay chng c hiƯn t¹i.
- DiƠn t¶ mt hµnh ®ng ®· ®­ỵc quyt ®Þnh tr-íc khi ni.
9. Th× hiƯn t¹i hoµn thµnh tip diƠn (Present perfect progressive).
* Form: (+) S + have/has + been + V-ing + O.
 (-) S + have/has-not + been + V-ing + O.
(?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O ?
Yes, S + have/has. \ No, S + have/has-not.
Eg: + I have been learning English for 5 years.
+ He has been writing this report for half an hour.
* C¸ch dng: Th× hiƯn t¹i hoµn thµnh tip diƠn ®­ỵc dng ®Ĩ nhn m¹nh r»ng mt hµnh ®ng ®· x¶y ra, nh­ng cßn tip tơc
hiƯn t¹i vµ cßn c thĨ kÐo dµi ®n t­¬ng lai.
10. Bi t?p .
A.Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct tenses ( Chia d?ng t? trong ngo?c ? thì thích h?p).
1.Be quiet ! The baby ( sleep)
2. The sun ( set) in the West.
3.Mr Green always ( go) to work by bus.
4. It ( not rain ) in the dry season.
5. They ( have ) lunch in the cafeteria now.
6. My little sister ( drink) milk every day.
7. The doctor sometimes ( return) home late.
8. He ( write) a long novel at present.
9. Look ! The bus ( come).
10. The earth (move) around the sun.
11.Sometime ( smell) good in the kitchen now.
12.His uncle ( teach) English in our school five years ago.
13. The old man( fall) as he (get) into the bus.
14. When I saw him, he (sit) asleep in a chair.
15. There (be) a lot of noise at the fair yesterday.
16. It (take) me 5 minutes to walk to school last year.
17.They ( not speak) to each other since they quarelled
18. I (try) to learn English for years, but I ( not succeed) yet
19.I (not see) her since last week.
20. Jonh( do) his homework already.
21.The train (start) before we arrived at the station.
22. There (be) an English class in this room tomorrow evening.
23. The film already (begin) when we got to the cinema.
24. You (stay) at home tonight?
25.I( be) twenty years old next June.
26.Where are you?- I’m upstairs. I (have) a bath.
27.All of them (sing) when I( came).
28.What you( do) at 7 p.m yesterday?
29. Where you ( spend) your holiday last year?
30. Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) to you?
B. Supply the verbs in the brackets into the correct tenses
1.A: I …………( not see) Andrew for weeks.
B: Nor me, It’s weeks since I last …….( see) him.
2.A: What……( you/do) last night?
B: Well, I ……..( be) very tired, so I …..( go) to bed very early.
3.A: ……….( you/ meet) Julie recently?
B: Yes, I …….(see) her a few days ago.
4. A: Are you still playing tennis?
B: No, I …..( not be) able to play tennis since I (break) my arm.
5. A: What part of Birminggham……. ( you/live) when you …..(be) a student?
B: A place called Selly Oak ………( you/ever/be) there?
Keys
A.
1.is sleeping 2. sets
3. goes 4. does not rain
5. are having 6. drinks
7. returns 8. is writing
9. is coming 10. moves
11. smells 12. taught
13. fell / got 14. was sitting
15. was 16. took
17. have n’t spoken 18. have tries
19.have not seen 20.has done
21.had started 22. will be
23.had already begun 24. will you
25. will be 26. am having
27. were singing 28. were …. doing
29. did ….. spend 30. was speaking
B.
haven’t seen – saw
did you do – was – went
have you met – saw
haven’t been – broke
did you live- were – have you ever been
Chuong 2: Conditional sentences - Cu di?u ki?n.
I. Lý thuy?t.
- M?t cu di?u ki?n thu?ng cĩ hai m?nh d? l m?nh d? chính v m?nh d? ph? . M?nh d? ph? cĩ th? d?t tru?c ho?c m?nh d?
chính.
- Cĩ 3 lo?i cu di?u ki?n:
1.Cu di?u ki?n lo¹i 1: di?u ki?n cĩ tht hiƯn t¹i vµ t­¬ng lai .
* Form: (+) If – c lause , main – clause.
{ Present simple } { Future simple }
(+) Main - clause + If – clause.
{ Future simple } { Present simple }
- §i víi main – clause :
+ Chĩng ta c thĨ thay th will b»ng c¸c modal verbs nh­ can/may/might/ must/should.
+ Thay th Future simple b»ng Present simple.
* Eg: If I have time, I will visit you.
John usually walks to school if he has enough time.
If she eats much, she will be over weight.
2. Cu di?u ki?n lo¹i 2 : di?u ki?n kh«ng cĩ th?t ? hi?n t?i vµ t­¬ng lai.
*Form :
If - clause , main – clause.
{ Past simple } , { would/ could/ should/ might + V(bare-inf) }
*Note: - Trong c©u ®iỊu kiƯn lo¹i 2 Were cho t?t c? cc ngơi.
- Were: I/you/we/they/he/she/it.
* Eg: If I had much money , I would buy a new bicycle.
If you practised English every day , you could speak it fluently.
If I were you, I would not tell him about that.
3. Cu di?u ki?n lo¹i 3: di?u ki?n khơng cĩ th?t ? qu kh?.
* Form:
If – clause , main – clause
{ Past perfect } , { would/ could/ might + have + PII (ed/ct 3)}
* Eg: If he had driven more carefully, he could have had fewer accidents.
4.Note: Unless = if…not ( n?u khơng )
Eg: Unless it rains, we will go to the movie.
( If it does not rain , we will go to the movies)
5.B?ng tĩm t?t cu di?u ki?n:

Lo?i
Main – clause
If – clause
1
Will
Can + V (bare-inf)
May
Shall

V(Present simple)
2
Could
Would + V (bare-inf)
Should
Might

V( ed/ct2 )
were
3
Could
Would + have + V ( ed/ct3 )
Might

Had + V ( ed/ct 3 )
II. Bi t?p.
A. Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct tenses (Chia d?ng t? trong ngo?c).
1.If you ( go) away, please write to me.
2. If you ( be) in, I should have given it to you.
3. If he (eat) another cake, he will be sick.
4. I ( not do ) that if I (be) you.
5. If he (take) my advice, everything can go well.
6. I would have come sooner if I ( know) you were here.
7. He never does homework. If he ( do) his homework, he (not worry) about his examination.
8.It’s too bad we lost the game. If you (play) for us, we( win).
9.What you (do) if she refuses your invitation?
10. If today (be) Sunday, we (go) to the beach.
11. Unless they (pass) their examinations, they would join the army.
12. You (be) ill if you drink that water.
13. If Tom (go) to bed earlier, he would not be so tired.
14. Had we known your address, we( write) you a letter.
15. If it’s raining heavily, we (not go) for a donkey ride.
16. If he (try) hard, he’ll pass the axamination.
17. I could understand the French teacher if she (speak) more slowly.
18.If she (not be) busy, she would have come to the party.
19. If I (finish) the work in time, I ( go) to the football game.
20. If you( see) Mary today, please ( ask) her to call me.

B.Rewrite these sentences, using correct conditional sentences (Vi?t l?i nh?ng cu sau, sư dơng c©u ®iỊu kiƯn ®ĩng nht).
1. That man doesn’t work hard.He can’t earn more money.
2.I don’t tell him the answer because he is from home.
3. My friend and I don’t have enough money , so we will not buy a house of our own.
4. The weather isn’t better now, so we can’t go for a walk.
5. I don’t know his adress, and I don’t give it to you.
6.He does not work slowly enough, so he makes many mistakes.
7. I am not sent to prison. She doesn’t visit me
8. I don’t win a big prize in a lottery, so I don’t give up my job.
9. The doctor can’t see many patiens because he is so late.
10. We don’t visit them in Hanoi because tickets are expensive.
*Keys
A 1. go 2. had been
3. eats 4 wouldn’t do/ wer
5.takes 6. had known
7. did/ wouldn’t worry 8. had played/ would have won
9. will ….do 10. were /would go
11.passed 12. will be
13.went 14. would have writen
15.won’t go 16. tries
17. spoke 18. hadn’t been
19. finish/ will go 20. see / ask
B
1.If the man worked hard , he could earn more money.
2. If he weren’t away from home, I would tell him the answer.
3.If my friend and ai had enough money, we would buy a house of our own.
4. If the weather were better now, we could go for a walk.
5. If I knew his address,I would give it to you .
6. If he worked slowly enough, he would not make many mistakes.
7. If I were sent to prison, I would visit me.
8. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I would give up my job.
9. If the doctor weren’t so late, he could see many patients.
10. If ticket weren’t expensive, we would visit them in Hanoi.
Chuong 3. MƯnh ®Ị gi¶ ®Þnh “ Wish”
I.Lý thuyt.
Ð?ng t? Wish= If only ( ao u?c) thu?ng dng d? di?n t? nh?ng u?c mu?n, nh?ng di?u khơng cĩ th?t ho?c r?t khĩ th?c hi?n.
cĩ 3 lo?i cu u?c.
Future wish:( u?c mu?n ? tuong lai)
* Form: (+) S + wish + S + would/ could + V(bare-inf) + O.
(+) If only + S + would/ could + V(bare-inf) + O.
* Eg:- I wish I would be an astronaut in the future.
- Tom wishes he could visit Paris next summer.
 - If only I would take the trip with you next Sunday.
Present wish( u?c mu?n ? hi?n t?i)
* Form: S + wish + S + V(ed/ct 2) + O.
Were + adj / n.
Could + V (inf).
* Eg:- I wishI were rich (but I am poor now)
- I can’t swim. I wish I could swim.
- If only Ben were here ( but Ben isn’t here. I wish he were here)
- We wish that we didn’t have to go to class today( we have go
to class)
Past wish: ( u?c mu?n ? qu kh?)
* Form: S + wish + S + had + PII(ed/ct 3) + O.
could have + PII(ed/ct 3) + O.
* Eg :- I wish I hadn’t failed my exam last year.
( I failed my exam )
- She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house.
( she didn’t have enough money to buy it )
- If only I had met her yesterday.( I didn’t meet her )
- She wishes she could have been there.( she couldn’t be there)
* Bi t?p :
A. Supply these verbs in correct tenses. (Chia d?ng t? trong ngo?c).
She wishes her father ( be) here now to help her
I wish they ( visit) us when they were in town.
I wish someone ( give) me a job next month.
If only I ( can take) the trip to Hanoi with her next summer.
I wish they ( know) the truth yesterday.
I wish I (see) that film on TV again.
We wish she (be) our teacher of English.
My brother wishes he (not waste) time when he was young.
They wish they (come) to class on time yesterday morning.
10. I wish I ( spend) my last summer vacation in the mountains.
11.I wish she (come) to see me yesterday.
12.If only I ( have) more time to do this job.
13.He missed an exceiting football match on TV last night. He wishes he ( watch ) it.
14.I wish you ( not give ) them my phone number yesterday.
15.We wish we ( understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday.
B. Rewrite these sentences in order to stay the same meaning with “wish”. ( Vi?t l?i nh?ng cu sau sao cho nghia c?a cu
khơng thay d?i víi “wish”.)
What a pity the weather isn’t nice.
Your cousin doesn’t tell you the truth.
I’m sorry you don’t study hard.
I can’t lend you any money.
What a pity he doesn’t invite us to the party.
I’m sorry I can’t easily give the answer.
Tom isn’t here now.
We don’t buy that house.
They never visit us.
10. She is often late for school.
*Keys
A.
1. were 2. visited 3. would give
4. could take 5.had known 6. would see
7.were 8. had not wasted 9. had come
10. had spent 11. had come 12. had
13. had watched 14. had not given 15. had understood
B.
1.I wish the weather were nice.
2. I wish your cousin told you the truth.
3.I wish you studied hard.
4. I wish I could lend you some money.
5. I wish he invited us to the party.
6. I wish I could easily give the answer.
7. I wish Tom were here now.
8. I wish we bought that house.
9. I wish they visited us.
10. I wish she weren’t often late for school.
Chuong 4: Cu b? d?ng ( The pasive voice)
Lý thuy?t.
Quan st:
Cu ch? d?ng: Mr Smith teaches English.
Cu b? d?ng: English is taught by Mr Smith.
Qui t?c:
Tn ng? ch? d?ng -> ch? ng? b? d?ng.
Ð?ng t? bÞ d?ng: Be + PII (ed/ct 3).
Ch? ng? ch? d?ng -> tn ng? b? d?ng ( tru?c cĩ gi?i t? by).
So d?: S V O

S + be + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + by + O

* B?ng tĩm t?t cơng th?c cc thì vµ ®ng t khuyt thiu trong cu b? d?ng.

Present simple
S + am/ is/ are + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).

Past simple
S + was, were + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).

Present progressive
S + am/is/ are + being + PII ( ed/ ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).

Past progressive
S + was/ were + being + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).

Present perfect
S + have/ has + been + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).
Past perfect
S + had + been + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).

Future simple
S + will + be + PII ( ed/ct ) + ( by + O ).

Be going to
S + am/is/are + going to + be + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + ( by + O ).

MODEL VERBS

S + can/could/would/should + be + PII ( ed/ct 3 ) + (by+O ).

must/have to/may/might

* Mt s tr-ng hỵp bÞ ®ng kh¸c:

a. BÞ ®ng víi “ have / get something done ”: H×nh thc bÞ ®ng nµy ®­ỵc sư dơng ®Ĩ nhn m¹nh r»ng hµnh ®ng cđa chr
thĨ ®­ỵc thc hiƯn cđa ng­i kh¸c.
Eg: + Someone painted John’s flat yesterday.
John had his flat p¹inted yesterday.
b. BÞ ®ng víi h×nh thc nguyªn thĨ (infinitive) vµ danh ®ng t (gerund ).
Eg: + We dn’t want to be refused entry.
+ She hates being photographed.
c. BÞ ®ng víi c¸c ®ng t ch quan ®iĨm ( verbs of opinion ): believe, know, say, report, think,… H×nh thc bÞ ®ng nµy
th-ng ®-ỵc sư dơng khi ng­i ni mun tr¸nh ®Ị cp tíi chđ thĨ thc hiƯn hµnh ®ng.

It + to be + PII(ed/ct 3) + that + clause.

HoỈc:

S + to be + PII(ed/ct 3) + to-inf/to have + PII(ed/ct 3).

Eg: + People believe that David left New Zealand last week.
It is believed that David left New Zealand last week.
 David is believed to have left New Zealand last week.
* Chĩ ý : - Khi chđ ng÷ trong c©u chđ ®ng lµ c¸c ®¹i t nh©n x­ng nh­ I/you/we/they/she/he/it/ hoỈc c¸c phim t nh-
people/someone/somebody..
chuyĨn sang c©u bÞ ®ng chĩng ta kh«ng cÇn dng by + O.
- Khi chđ ng÷ trong c©u chđ ®ng lµ c¸c danh t tªn riªng hay c¸c danh t ch ging vµ danh t cơ thĨ chuyĨn sang c©u
bÞ ®ng chĩng ta ph¶i sư dơng by + O.
*Eg:
1.I learn English everyday.
=> English is learnt by me everyday.
2.My mother wrote that letter.
=> That letter was writen by my mother.
3.He is asking me a lot of questions.
=> I am being asked a lot of questions.
4.She was doing her homework at that time.
=> Her homework was being done at that time.
5.My mother has made that cake.
=> That cake has been made by my mother.
6. They had prepared a dinner before we came.
=> A dinner had been prepared before we came.
7. My friend can answer this question.
=> This question can be answered by my friend.
Bi t?p.
Change these sentences into passive forms. (Chuy?n nh?ng cu sau sang cu b? d?ng)
They can’t make tea with cold water.
The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant.
Somebody has taken some of my books away.
They will hold the meeting before May Day.
They have to repair the engine of the car.
The boys broke the window and took away some pictures.
People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday.
They may use this room for the classroom.
The teacher is going to tell a story.
Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife.
The children looked at the women with a red hat.
They have provided the victims with food and clothing.
The teacher explains the lesson.
Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen.
The doctor examined the patients.
These boys made that noise
People speak English all over the world.
He gave him back the money last Sunday.
I can’t do these exrcises quickly.
She had finished the report by noor.
Should they help Jane with the sewing ?
The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.
We must do something before it’s too late.
They make these artificial flowers of silk.
Did they LuLu feed last night?
Nick will bring the pizzas to our house.
They used to dring beer for breakfast in England years ago.
They were cleaning the floor when I arrived.
Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion ?
Where will your company send you next year ?
*Keys.
1.Tea can’t be made with cold water.
2. All the workers of the plant were being instructed by the chief.
3. Some of my books have been taken away.
4. The meeting will be held before May Day.
5. The engine of the car has to be repaired.
6. The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boy.
7. A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday.
8. This room may be used for the classroom.
9. A story is going to be told by the teacher.
10. The cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary.
11. The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children.
12. The victims have been provided with food and clothing.
13. The lesson is explained by the teacher.
14.The food is being cooked in the kitchen by Mrs Green.
15.The patients were examined by the doctor.
16.That noise was made by these boys.
17. English is spoken all over the world.
18. He was given the money back last Sunday.
19. These exercises can’t be done quickly.
20.The report had been finished by noon.
21.Should Jane be helped with the sewing?
22. Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic.
23.Something must be done before it’s too late.
24. These artificial flowers are made of silk.
25. Was LuLu fed last night ?
26. The pizzas will be brought to our house by Nick.
27.Beer used to be drunk for breakfast in England years ago.
28.The floor was being cleaned when I arrived.
29. Have you ever been asked for your opinion ?
30. Where will you be sent next year ?

Chuong 5: Directed and reported speech

( Cu tr?c ti?p – Gin ti?p)
A.Lý thuy?t.
- Li ni gi¸n tip lµ t­ng thut l¹i ý cđa ng­i ni.
C¸ch ®ỉi c©u trc tip sang c©u gi¸n tip:
1.Thay dỉi thì c?a d?ng t?.

Directed speech (Tr?c tip)

Reported speech (Gin tip)
Present simple
Past simple
Present progressive
Past progressive
Present perfect
Past perfect
Past simple
Past perfect
Past progressive
Past perfect progressive
Future simple
Would + V (bare-inf )
Am/is/are + going to
Were/was + going to
2.Thay ®ỉi cđa c¸c ®«ng t khuyt thiu.

Directed speech
Reported speech
Can
Could
Shall
Should
Must
Had to
Have to / Has to
Had to
Should
Should
Ought to
Ought to
May
Might

3.Thay dỉi ch? ng?, tn ng?, d?i t? s? h?u.

§¹i t nh©n x-ng

§¹i t s h÷u
I
He / She
My
His / Her
We
They
Our
Their
You
You / He / She
Your
His / Her / Their
They
They
Their
Their
He / She
He/ She
His / Her
His / Her
It
It
Its
Its

*Eg: - Jane said,” I live in the suburbs”

-> Jane said that she lived in the suburbs.
- Ngơi th? hai ( You, your, yours ) du?c d?i theo ngơi c?a tn ng? trong m?nh d? tu?ng thu?t.
*Eg: - He said to me,” You can take my book”
-> He said me that I could take his book.
- Ngơi th? ba ( He, She, It, They, him, his, her ,them ,their) gi? nguyn (Kh«ng ®ỉi)
*Eg: - Mary says,” They come to help the pupils.”
-> Mary said that they came to help the pupils.
4.Tr?ng t? ch? th?i gian .

Directed speech (Tr?c ti?p)

Reported speech (Gin ti?p)
now
then
ago
before
today
that day
tonight
that night
tomorrow
the next day / the following day
yesterday
the day before / the previous day
last week/month/year…
the previous week/month/year…
the week/month/year…before
next week/month/year…
the following week/month/year…
the next week/month/year…
*Eg: - “I’m going now”. He said
-> He said he was going then.
- She said “ I was at Hue yesterday”.
-> She said that she had been at Hue the day before.
5.Tr?ng t? ch? noi ch?n vµ ®¹i t ch ®Þnh.

Directed speech (Tr?c ti?p)

Reported speech (Gin ti?p)
here
there
there
there
this
that
these
those
*Eg:- He said,”Put the books here”
-> He told me to put the books there.
- Tom said to me,” I’ll meet you this Friday”
-> He told me that he would meet me that Friday.
* C¸c lo¹i c©u gi¸n tip:
I. C©u mƯnh lƯnh, yªu cÇu vµ li khuyªn.(Command, request and advice ).
Trong li ni gi¸n tip lo¹i c©u nµy ®-ỵc b¾t ®Çu b»ng ®ng t: asked, told, ordered, advised,…
Eg: -“ Hurry up, Lan”
-> He told Lan to hurry up.
- “ Shut the door”
-> He ordered them to shut the door.
- “ Don’t leave the room”.
-> He told them not to leave the room.
- “ You should stop chatting on the Internet, Mark,” Jane said.
-> Jane advised Mark to stop chatting on the Internet.
* Structures (C«ng thc):

S + V ( asked / told / advised ) + O + to ( not to ) + infinitive.

* Chĩ ý : Mt s ®ng t kh¸c cịng ®-ỵc sư dơng theo h×nh thc trªn: persuade, remind, forbid, warn,….
II. Cu nghi v?n(Interogative).
Yes/ No – questions.
Trong l?i nĩi gin ti?p lo?i cu h?i ny du?c m? d?u b?ng cc d?ng t? “ ask, wonder …” v theo sau cĩ “if/ whether”.
*Eg: - “ Have you seen that film?” he told her
-> He asked if she had seen that film.
- “ Will Tom be here tomorrow?.” She told
-> She wondered whether Tom would be there the day after.
*Strutures ( Cơng th?c):

S + asked / wanted to know + (O) + If / whether + clause ( li th× ).

2. Wh – questions ( who,what, where, why, when,how much/ many/ long” trong cu gin ti?p lo?i cu ny du?c m? d?u b?ng
cc d?ng t? “ ask, require, wonder,..”
* Eg: - “ What time does the film begin?.”
-> He asked what time the film begun.
- “ What will you do tomorrow?
-> She wondered what I would do the next day.
*Strutures (Cơng th?c):

S + asked / wanted to know + wh-qs + clause ( li th× )

III. C©u ph¸t biĨu (Statements).
Trong c©u gi¸n tip lo¹i c©u ph¸t biĨu nµy th­ng ®­ỵc b¾t ®Çu b»ng c¸c ®ng t nh­ “ said, told ”.
* Eg: - He told me, “ I like oranges.”
He said (that) he liked oranges.
* Strutures (C«ng thc).

S + told (O) / said (to + O) + ( that) + clause (li th×)

Bi t?p.
Change these sentences into passive voice. (Chuy?n nh?ng cu sau sang cu gin ti?p.)
He said to her, “You are my friend.”
Johnny said to his mother, “I don’t know how to do this exercise.”
“ Don’t come back before one o’clock”, advised my brother.
“Cook it in butter”, Mrs Brown said to her daughter.
The pupils said “ Teacher, give us better marks, please.”
My friend said, “ Are you going to leave tomorrow?”
“ Have you done your homework?”, said my mother.
I asked Bill,” What time did you go to bed last night?”
Paul said, “ I must go home now.”
“ There is an accident .”, said the policeman.
“ We are waiting for the school bus”, said the children.
“ Must you go now?”, said Mr Brown.
“ Are you going to visit your aunt tomorrow?” asked Tom.
“ Listen to me and don’t make a noise,”said the teacher to his students.
“ I’m tired of eating fish”, said Mary to Helen.
“ The sun always rises in the east,” said Peter.
“ I didn’t steal your fur coat yesterday,” said Samny to Jean.
“ You must do your homework everyday”, said Miss Lan to us.
“ Will we read the story?”, Bill asked his teacher.
“ I don’t know where Alice is,” said Vicky.
“ There isn’t much rain in the south of the coutry,” said Harry.
“ Would you mind turning the music down?”Andrew said to Anne.
“ How much do you think it will cost?” He asked.
“ Can you speak more slowly? I can’t understand,” He said to me.
“ Have you already reviewed all your lessons?” she said to me.
“ Come in and look around. There’s no obligation to buy,” said the shopkeeper.
“ I’m sorry I’m late,” she said.” The bus broken down”
Mary asked me “ Can you tell me why you are so sad?”
“ Will you please find out when he last wrote to me?” Jane said to her friend.
“ You must decide what you want to do”, she said to her daught
Keys.
1. He said to her she was his friend.
2. Johnny said to his mother he didn’t know how to do that exercise.
My brother advised me not to come back before one o’clock.
Mrs Brown told her daughter to cook it in butter.
The pupils asked their teacher to give them better marks.
My friend asked me if I was going to leave the day after.
My mother asked me if I had done my homework.
I asked Bill what time he had gone to bed the night before.
Paul said that he had to go hpme then
11.The policeman said that there was an accident.
11.The children said that they were waiting for the school bus.
12. Mr Bown asked me if I had to go then.
13. Tom askedif I was going to visit my aunt the next day.
14. The teacher asked his students to listen to him and not to make any noise.
15.Mary said Helen she was tired of eating fish.
16.Peter said the sun always rises/rose in the east.
17.Sammy told Jean that he didn’t steal/hadn’t stolen her coat the day before.
18. Miss Lan told us that we must/ had to do our homework every day./ Miss Lan asked us to do our homework every day.
19. Billy asked his teacher if they would read the story.
20. Vicky said she didn’t know where Alice was.
21. Andrew asked Anne to turn the music down.
22. He asked how much I thought it would cost.
23. He asked me to speak more slowly because he couldn’t understand.
24.She asked me if I had already reviewed all my lessons.
25. The shopkeeper invited us to come in and look round and told us that there was no obligation to buy.
26.She apologized for being late and explained that the bus had broken down.
27. Jane advised me to take the course.
28.Mary asked me if I could tell her why I was so sad.
29.Jane asked me to find out when he last wrote to her.
30.She urged her daughter to decide what she wanted to do.

Chuong 6: Relative clauses – MƯnh ®Ị quan h?.

A.Lý thuy?t.
 MƯnh ®Ị quan hƯ lµ mƯnh ®Ị b¾t ®Çu bi c¸c ®¹i t quan hƯ nh­ who/whom/which/whose/that vµ c¸c tr¹ng t quan
hƯ nh­ where/when. C hai lo¹i mƯnh ®Ị quan hƯ: MƯnh ®Ị quan hƯ x¸c ®Þnh (defining) vµ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh (non-
defining).
1. MƯnh ®Ị quan hƯ x¸c ®Þnh.
Lµ mƯnh ®Ị cÇn thit ph¶i c ®Ĩ lµm chc n¨ng giíi h¹n, lµm r ngha danh t ®ng tr­íc n. MƯnh ®Ị nµy th-ng kh«ng c du
phy tr-íc vµ sau n.
Eg: I don’t know the girl whom/that you met yesterday.
2. MƯnh ®Ị quan hƯ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh.
Lµ mƯnh ®Ị kh«ng cÇn thit ph¶i c ®Ĩ lµm chc n¨ng giíi h¹n danh t ®ng tr­íc n, ngha lµ b¶n th©n danh t ®ng tr­íc n ®·
r ngha. V× th mƯnh ®Ị nµy th-ng dng sau dang t riªng hoỈc c¸c danh t ®· r ngha ( Mr. Pike, Mrs. Hoa, this man, that
boy..), vµ th-ng c du phy tr-íc vµ sau n.
Eg: Mr. Pike , who is my neighbor , is very nice.

I. Relative pronouns

Functions
( Chc n¨ng)
Defining
(X¸c ®Þnh)
Non-defining
(Kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh)
Subject
( Chđ ng÷ )
Ng-i
WHO / THAT
WHO
Vt
WHICH / THAT
WHICH
Object
( T©n ng÷ )
Ng-i
WHOM / THAT
WHOM
Vt
WHICH / THAT
WHICH
Posessive
( S h÷u )
Ng-i
WHOSE
WHOSE
Vt
WHOSE
WHOSE
Mt s c¸ch dng ®Ỉc biƯt:
1. Trong tr-ng hỵp lµm t©n ng÷ Whom vµ W hich c thĨ ®ĩng trc tip sau giíi t, nh­ng That th× kh«ng.
Eg: + The girl whom/that my brother is talking to comes from China.
-> The girl to whom my brother is talking comes from China.
2. Which ®-ỵc dng ®Ĩ thay th cho mt mƯnh ®Ị. Trong tr-ng hỵp nµy du phy ®-ỵc dng tr-íc n.
Eg: + Jim passed the exam, which surprised everybody.
3. All of / most of / both of / none of / four of … + Whom / Which
Eg: + She has three children, all of whom are studying abroad.
4. Khi Whom/Which/That lµm t©n ng÷, ta c thĨ kh«ng dng chĩng.
Eg: + The man ( whom/that ) my sister was married to is very nice.
5. It + be + relative clause : C©u trĩc nµy ®­ỵc dmg ®Ĩ nhn m¹nh.
Eg: + Tom had an accident.
-> It was Tom who had an accident.
Examples:
1. I saw the woman. She wrote the book.
->I saw the woman who wrote the book.
I know the man. You want to meet him.
->I know the man whom you want to meet.
 3.The pencil is mine. The pencil is on the desk.
-> The pencil which is on the desk is mine.
4. The dress is beautiful. She is wearing that dress.
-> The dress which she is wearing is beautiful.
5. The girl is my sister. You took the girl’s picture.
-> The girl whose picture you took is my sister.
6. He showed me his car. The engine of the car is good.
-> He showed me his car, the engine of which is good.
* “That” cĩ th? du?c dng thay cho Who, Whom, Which trong tru?ng h?p khơng theo sau d?u ph?y v gi?i t?.
II. Relative adverbs.
When -> time
- Where -> place
* Eg:
1. Monday is the day. We will come then.
-> Monday is the day when we will come.
2. I never forget the village. I was born there.
-> I never forget the village where I was born.
B. Bi t?p.
Combine these sentences, using relative pronouns. (K?t h?p nh?ng cu sau dng d?i t? quan h?).
1. Alice is my friend. Alice’s mother died last year.
2.The boy will be punished. He threw that stone.
3. Ann is very friendly. She lives next door.
4.The man is a famous actor. You met him at the party last night.
5.There are some words. They are very difficult to translate.
6.I was looking for a book this morning. I’ve found it now.
7.Is that the car? You want to buy it.
8.Sandra works in advertising. You were talking to her.
9.The little girl ate sweets the whole way. She sat next to me on the coach.
10.Lan is a journalist. Her tape recorder was stolen.
11.I don’t know the name of the woman. I spoke to her on the phone.
12. We often go to visit our friends in Bristol. It’s only 30 miles away.
13. This is Mr Carter. I was telling you about him.
14. That is the room. The meeting is held in that room.
15. I’ll always remember the day. I first saw that sight on that day.
16.She was born in Malaysia. Rubber trees grow well there.
17.No one knows the school. My uncle taught at that school 10 years ago.
18. Please ask them the time. The train stared the trip at that time.
19. New Year’s Day is a day. All family members gather and enjoy a family dinner then.
20. There are many hotels. Tourists can enjoy their holidays there.
21.India is a country.The earthquake occured in this country last month.
22. Bac giang is a city. I was born and grew up there.
23. We have not decided the day. We’ll go to London on that day.
24. The man made me sad the most. I love him with all my heart.
25.The thief was caught. This was a really good news.
26. The gentleman was very young. He was introduced as the most successful businessman.
27. His book became the best seller.It was punished last year.
28. Neil Armstrong lived in the USA. He walked on the moon.
29. Nam is very intelligent. He learns in our class.
30. Ha Long has grown into a big city over the past few years. I visited the city last year.
Keys.
1.Alice, whose mother died last year, is my friend.
2.The boy who threw that stone will punished.
3. Ann, who lives next door, is very friendly.
4.The man who/ that you met at the party last night is a famousactor.
5.There are some words that/ which are very difficult to translate.
6.I’ve found the book that/which I was looking for this morning.
7.Is that the car that/ which you want to buy?
8.Sandra, who you were talking to, works inadvertising.
9.The little girl who/ that sat next to me on the coach ate sweets the whole way.
10.Lan, whose tape recorder was stolen, is a journalist.
11. I don’t know the name of the woman who/ that I spoke to on the phone.
12. We often go to visit our friends in Bristol, which is only 30 miles away.
13. This is Mr Carter, who I was telling you about.
14. That is the room where the meeting is held.
15. I’ll always remember the day when I first saw that sight.
16. She was born in Malaysia, where rubber trees grow well.
17.No one knows the school where my uncle taught 10 years ago.
18. Please ask them the time when the train stared the trip.
19. New Year’s Day is the day when all family members gather and enjoy a family dinner.
20. There are many hotels where tourists can enjoy their holidays.
21.India is the country where we the earthquake occured last month.
22. Bac Giang is the city where I was born and grew up.
23. We have not decided the day when we’ll go to London.
24.The man whom I love with all my heart made me sad the most.
25. The thief was caught, that was a really good news.
26. The gentleman who was introduced as the most successful businessman was very young.
27. His book, which was punished last year, became the best seller.
28. Neil Armstrong, who walked on the moon, lived in the USA
29. Nam, who learns in our class, is very intelligent.
30. Ha Long, which I visited last week, has grown into a big over the past few years.

Chuong 7: Verb forms - D?ng c?a d?ng t?.

Lý thuyt.
I.To – infinitive ( Nguyªn thĨ c to ).
S? d?ng trong cc tru?ng h?p sau:
1.Sau cc d?ng t?: afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, beg, claim, decide, demand, deserve, expect, fail, forget, happen,
hope, learn, manage,mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, regret, remember, remind, seem, swear,
tend, volunteer….
Eg: She pretended not to have seen him.
2.Sau t©n ng÷ cđa c¸c ®ng t : advise,allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, encourage, expect, forbid, force, hire, instruct,
invite, need, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, urge, want, warn,…
Eg: My friend invited me to join them.
3.Sau c¸c ®ng t ®-ỵc theo sau bi mt t ®Ĩ hi : ask, decide, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, show, tell, understand,
wonder,….
Eg: + Have you decided where to go for the Christmas ?
4.Sau cc tính t?: afraid, amazed, anxious, astonished, careful, glad, happy, lucky, pleased, ready, relieved, sad, shocked,
sorry, surprised, upset,…
Eg: Jack was relieved to hear his son was out of danger.
5.Sau cc phĩ t?: enough, too.
(-) too + adj/adv + (for smb) + to-inf DiƠn t¶ ý ngha tiªu cc.
(-) enough + N + to-inf DiƠn t¶ ý ngha tÝch cc.
Adj/adv + enough + (for smb) to-inf
Eg: + This shirt is too large for me to wear .
+ This shirt is large enough for me to wear.
6.Sau c¸c cơm t: would like, would love, would prefer.
Eg: I would prefer to be on holiday instead of working.
7. Sau c¸c cu trĩc sau:
(-) It + be + adj + of + O + to-inf.
Generous, good, kind, + of.
Nice, polite, stupid,…
Eg: It was very kind of her to call.
(-) It + be + adj + for + O + to-inf.
Difficult, easy, essential
Important, (un)necessary + for
(un)usual,….
Eg: It is necessary for him to have a rest.
II.Bare – infinitive ( Nguyªn thĨ kh«ng to ).
S? d?ng trong cc tru?ng h?p sau:
1. Sau Model Verbs nhu: can,could, may, must, will, shall, would, should,
have to,might....
 Eg: You should wake up early in the morning.
2. Sau c¸c cơm t nh­: would rather, would sooner, had better.
Eg: Jane would rather go to Salonica by plane.
3. Sau c¸c ®ng t nh-: make, let, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see,
watch,….
Eg: + Will you let me go to the party tonight ?
+ She heard him come in.
* Chĩ ý: Nh÷ng ®ng t trªn ( lo¹i tr ®ng t let ) ®i ngay sau chĩng lµ
mt “ to-inf ” trong c©u bÞ ®ng.
Eg: + He was seen to open the door.
+ They were made to do some extra work.
III .Verb- ing.
S? d?ng trong cc tru?ng h?p sau:
1. Sau m?t s? d?ng t? nhu: admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, enjoy, fancy, finish, imagine,
involve, keep(on), mention, mind,miss, postpone, practise, prefer, quit, recall, recommend, resent,risk , resist, suggest,
tolerate,….
Eg: + Tony dislikes driving small car.
+ Would you mind waiting for a moment ?
+ Have you finished reading that book ?
2. Sau c¸c cơm t nh­ : be/get accustomed to, be/get used to, object to, look forward to, take to, in addition to, be busy, be
worth, have a good time/difficulty in.
Eg: + The children were not used to living in the country.
+ They are looking forward to traveling abroad.
3. Sau giíi t hoỈc ®ng t + giíi t.( about, of, without, with, in, on, after, before…..)
Eg: + Touch your toes without bending your knees.
+ Helen is excited about studying abroad.
IV. C¸c ®ng t c c¶ d¹ng “ to-inf ” vµ “ V - ing ” ®i ngay sau chĩng mµ ngha kh«ng thay ®ỉi.
Like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, prefer, can’t bear,… c thĨ c c¶ d¹ng “ to-inf ” vµ d¹ng “ V-ing ” mµ vỊ
mỈt ch c mt Ýt hoỈc kh«ng c s kh¸c nhau nµo c¶.
Eg: Tim loves to play / playing tennis.
B. Bi t?p.
* Supply the correct verb forms of the verbs in the brackets. (Cho d¹ng ®ĩng cđa d?ng t? trong ngo?c)
1.Tourists could see fish ( swim) along the brook.
2.We enjoy (swim) along this river.
3.The form teacher has asked Jack (write) an essay on the Thames.
4.It sometimes may be difficult (get) a taxi during rush- hours.
5.The rain has made the children ( stop) their games.
6.She tells the driver( take) her to the railway station.
7.Does Mrs Green have them ( carry) those books back home?
8.The principal noticed those pupils (try) harder and harder.
9.Children have just stopped ( play) football.
10.They keep ( talk) about an old friend they met yesterday.
11.Is Black Pool ( visit) by thousands of tourists each year?
12.We heard Mr Brown ( park) his car near the gate.
13. They’ve finished ( do) their homework.
14.They had their house (paint) before Tet holiday.
15.I advised him ( wait) for me at the airport.
16. Would you mind ( help) me with this work?
17.Do you smell something ( burn) in the kitchen?
18. Mother requests her daughter not ( come) back home late.
19. We shall have the grass ( cut) tomorrow.
20.They noticed lots of sheep( graze) in green meadows.
21.When I’m tired, I enjoy( watch) TV.It’s relaxing.
22. Would you like(have) something to eat?
23.It started( rain) an hour ago. Has it stopped ( rain) yet?
24. My family is trying (decide)where to go on holiday.
25.Our teacher made me (answer) all the questions.
26. I’ve enjoy ( meet) you. I hope ( see) you again.
27. I hate ( see) a child(cry).
28.They prefer( play) in swimming pool all day.
29.They refuse ( go) out on trips if it’s too hot.
30. I used ( smoke) 20 cigarettes a day, but now I give up ( smoke).
31.We decided( rent) a house with a swimming pool.
32.Can you help me (get) the dinner ready?
33. When we arrived, the people next door invited us ( have) a drink with them.
34. We began (talk) about next year’s holiday two months ago.
35.I remember (lock) the door when I left but forgot ( shut) the window.
36.He agrees( start) the job as soon as possible.
37. I finished ( read) the book and went to bed.
38. My teachers always expected me ( do) well in exams.
39.Let me ( pay) for the meal.You paid last time.
40. It’s difficult ( get) used to ( eat) with chopsticks
Keys.
1. swim / swimming 11. visited
2. swimming 12. park / parking
3. to write 13. doing
4. to get 14. painted
5. stop 15. to wait
6. to take 16. helping
7. carry 17. burn / burning
8. try / trying 18. to come
9. playing 19. cut
10. talking 20. graze / grazing
21. watching 31.to rent
22. to have 32.to get / get
23.to rain / raining – raining 33.to have
24. to decide 34. talking / to talk
25. answer 35. to lock – to shut
26. meeting – to see 36. to start
27. seeing / to see - crying 37. reading
28.playing / to play 38. to do
29.to go 39. pay
30. to smoke – smoking 40. to get - eating
Chuong 8: Comparisons of adjectives and adverbs.
C?p so snh cđa tÝnh t vµ tr¹ng t.
A.Lý thuy?t.
I.So snh b?ng:
* Form: S1 + V + as + adv + as + S2.
S1 + be + as + adj + as + S2.
* Eg: - She runs as quickly as her brother.
- John is as tall as Tom.
*So snh khơng b?ng/ km hon.
* Form: (-) S1 + not + be + as/so + adj + as + S2.
S1 + do/does/ did..-not + as/so + adv + as + S2.
(-) S1 + be + less + adj + than + S2.
S1 + V + adv + than + S2.
*Eg: - He is not so good as his brother.
- I am less rich than you.
II.So snh hon.
Ð?i v?i tính t?, tr?ng t? ng?n.
*Form: S1 + be + short adj-er + than + S2.
S1 + V + short adv-er + than + S2.
Eg : - Mr. Brown is older than Mr. Peter.
- He drives faster than I (do).
Ð?i v?i tính t?, tr?ng t? di.
* Form: S1 + be + more + long adj + than + S2.
S1 + V + more + long adv + than + S2.
Eg : - A car is more expensive than a bicycle.
- Ha writes more carefully than Hai
III.So snh hon nh?t.
Ð?i v?i tính t?, tr?ng t? ng?n.
 *Form: S + be + the + short adj-est.
S + V + the + short adv-est.
*Eg: - Ha is the tallest student in my class.
- Lan runs the fastest in the class.
Ð?i v?i tính t?, tr?ng t? di
*Form: S + be + the + most + long adj.
S + V + the most + long adv.
*Eg: - This is the most difficult lesson in the book
-Huong speaks English the most fluently in my class.

IV. So s¸nh kÐp.

§i víi tÝnh t, tr¹ng t .
* Form: The + short adj-er + clause , the + short adj-er + clause.
The + short adv-er + clause , the + short adv-er + clause.

* Eg: - The sooner we arrive, the better we do.

* Form: The + more + clause , the + more + clause.

* Eg: - The more you study, the more you learn.
* Cc tru?ng h?p ngo?i l?

Adj/adv
So snh hon
So snh hon nh?t
Good/ well (t?t)
better
the best
Bad/ badly (x?u)
worse
the worst
Many/ much (nhi?u)
more
the most
Little (ít)
less
the least
Far (xa)
farther/further
the farthest/furthest
Old (giµ)
older/elder
the oldest/eldest
Near (g?n)
nearer
the nearest/next

B.Bi t?p.
I.Choose the correct word or phrase in the brackets.(Ch?n t? ho?c c?m t? dng trong ngo?c.)
1.Of the four dresses, I like the red one(better/best)
2. Bill is the (happier/happiest) person we know.
3. Pat’s cat is (faster/fastest) than Peter’s.
4.This poster is (colourfuler/more colourful) than the one in the hall.
5.Does Fred feel ( weller/better) today than he did yesterday?
6.This vegetable soup tastes very( good/best)
7.Jane is the ( less/least) athletic of all the women.
8. My cat is the ( prettier/ prettiest) of the two.
9.This summary is ( the better/ the best) of the pair.
10. The colder the weather gets,(sicker/the sicker) I feel.
II.Put the correct forms of the adjectives and adverbs in the brackets.
( Dng hình th?c dng c?a tính t?/ tr?ng t? trong ngo?c.)
1.Mary is (pretty) as her sister.
2. A new house is (expensive) than an old one.
3. His joib is( important) than mine.
4. Of the four ties, I like the red one(well).
5. Nobody is (happy) than Miss Snow.
6.Today English is the ( international) of languages.
7.Jonh is much( strong) than I thought.
8. Benches are ( comfortable) than arm- chairs.
9. Bill is (good) than you thought.
10.Mr Bush is the (delightful) person I have ever known.
11.Dick is the ( careful) of the three workers.
12.Is the book( interesting) than the one you read last week?
13. Gold is ( preciuos) than iron.
14.The weather today is ( warm) than the weather yesterday.
15.This film is not (good) as the one we saw last week.
16.Holidays are( pleasant) than working days.
17.Which is ( high) mountain in your coutry?
18. A house is ( strong) than a dog.
19. Robert is ( fat) than his brother.
20.The Pacific is ( large) ocean in the world.
III. Rewrite these sentences, using the beginning words.( Vi?t l?i cu sau, b?t d?u b?ng cc t? cho s?n).
1.Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees.
=> It’s …………………………………………………………………….
2.The journey takes four hours by car and five hours by train.
=>It takes………………………………………………………………….
3. We were very busy at work today. We are not as busy as that every day.
=> We………………………………………………………………………
4. Jane cooks better than her sister.
=> Jane’s sister…………………………………………………………….
5.Tom is the best football player in this team.
=> Nobody in this team…………………………………………………..

Keys
I.
1.best
2.happiest
3.faster
4. more colourful
5. better
6. good
7.least
8. prettier
9. the better
10.the sicker
II.
1.as pretty 11. most careful
2. more expensive 12. more interesting
3. more important 13.more precious
4. best 14.warm
5. happier 15.so good
6. most international 16.more pleasant
7.stronger 17.the highest
8.more comfortable 18. stronger
9. better 19. fatter
10. most delightful 20.the largest

III.
1.It’s colder today than it was yesterday.
2. It takes more time to travel by train than by car.
3.We were busier at work today than usual.
4. Jane’s sister doesn’t cook as well as Jane.
5 Nobody in this team plays football as well as Tom.

Chuong 9: So …that & such …that.

A.Lý thuy?t.
I.So …that : qu …d?n n?i
B?t d?u cho m?t m?nh d? ph? ch? k?t qu?.
* Form: So + adj/adv + that- clause
* Eg: - The weather is so bad that I have to stay at home.
- He spoke so fast that I didn’t understand him.
* Note: mu?n di?n t? ý nghia” qu nhi?u … ®?n n?i” ta dng:
So many + danh t? d?m du?c, s? nhi?u + that – clause
So much + danh t? khơng d?m du?c,s? ít + that – clause
* Eg: - He had so many books that he can’t read all of them.
- There was so much noise that I couldn’t sleep.
II.Such …that : qu … d?n n?i.
Cung b?t d?u cho m?t m?nh d? ph? ch? k?t qu?. Tuy nhin Such …that du?c dng v?i m?t danh t? thu?ng cĩ tính t b? nghia
d?ng tru?c.
* Form: such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that – clause
* Eg: - She is such a beautiful girl that everybody admires her
- It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it.
- They are such interesting books that we want to look at them again.

B.Bi t?p.
Combine these pairs of sentences,using “ so…that ” or “ such…that ”
( K?t h?p m?i c?p cu sau, dng “ so …that” ho?c “ such …that”)
1.My friend is too sick. He can’t go to school.
2.The food was very good. We finished it up just a few minutes.
3.New York was a very big city. Jane was lost in it.
4.My neighbours are very bad persons. They made noise all day.
5. She bought too many things. She couldn’t bring them home at a time.
6.She is quite poor. She can’t buy bicycle.
7. He gave us very good advice. All of us are thankful to him.
8.There is too much furniture in the room. We don’t have enough space for the meeting.
9.Lan was very busy. She couldn’t go to the movies with us.
10. Mr Green drank too much wine. He got sick.
Keys
1.My friend is so sick that he can’t go to school.
2.The food was so good that we finished it up in just a few minutes.
3.New York was such a big city that Jane was lost in it.
4. My neighbours are such bad persons that they made noise all day.
5. She bought so many things that she couldn’t bring them home at a time.
6.She is so poor that she can’t buy a bicycle.
7. He gave us such good advice that all of us are thankful to him.
8. There is so much furniture in the room that we don’t have enough space for the meeting.
9. Lan was so busy that she couldn’t go to movies with us.
10. Mr Green drank so much wine that he got sick.
Chuong 10.“ Too …..to” or “enough…to”
A.Lý thuy?t.
I.Too ….to : qu …khơng th?.
- Ðu?c dng d? ch? m?t nguyn nhn dua t?i m?t k?t qu? ph? d?nh.
* Form: Too + adj/adv + to –inf
* Eg: - He is too young to go to school.
- She ran too slowly to catch the train.
- N?u d?ng t? theo sau di?n t? m?t s? vi?c du?c th?c hi?n b?i m?t ch? ng? khc v?i ch? ng? c?a d?ng t? di tru?c thì ta dng:
* Form: Too + adj/adv + for + somebody + to –inf
* Eg : - The questions are too difficult for us to answer.
- The box was too heavy for the children to carry.
II.Enough to …: d? …d? cĩ th?.
- Ðu?c dng d? ch? m?t nguyn nhn dua t?i m?t k?t qu? t?t nhin.
* Form: adj/adv + enough + to – inf
* Eg: - He is sick enough to need a docter.
- The policeman ran fast enough to catch the thief.
- N?u d?ng t? theo sau di?n t? m?t s? vi?c du?c th?c hi?n b?i ch? ng? khc v?i ch? ng? c?a d?ng t? di tru?c thì ta dng :
* Form: adj/ adv + enough + for + somebody + to – inf
* Eg: - The exercises are easy enough for you to do.
- He spoke English slowly enough for us to understand.
B.Bi t?p.
I. Combine these sentences, using “ too… to ” or “ enough… to ”, ( K?t h?p cc cu sau dng “too … to” ho?c “enough
to…”)
1. These oranges are ripe. You can eat them.
2.He is strong. He can carry this table.
3. The house is large. My family can live in it.
4.It was very late. They didn’t go to the party.
5.The dress is so dirty. She can’t wear it.
6.She is tall. She can reach the top shelf.
7.Mr Brown isn’t rich. He can’t buy car.
8.My grandmother is very weak. She can’t lift the box.
9.The film is very good. The children won’t miss it.
10. Those shoes are large. You can wear them.
II. Combine these sentences, using “ …too + adj + for + …+ to-inf ”. ( K?t h?p cu dng “ … too + adj + for + …+ to-
inf”)
.1.The child can’t drink this milk. It’s too hot.
2.We can’t lift this weight. It’s too heavy.
3. They can’t push the piano through that door, it’s too narrow.
4.You can’t hang the picture on that wall. It’s too small.
5. She can’t watch this programme. It’s too boring.
III. Combine these sentences, using “ adj + enough + (for) + to-inf ”. (N?i cu dng “ adj + enough + (for) + to-inf”.)
1.You shouldn’t wear this coat in winter. It’s not warm enough.
2.Don’t stand on that chair. It’s not strong enough.
3. You can’t sleep in this bed. It’s not wide enough for you two.
4. I couldn’t make coffee for everyone. There weren’t enough cups.
5. He didn’t finish the examination. He didn’t have enough time.

Keys
I.
1. These oranges are ripe enough for you to eat.
2. He is strong enough to carry this table.
3.The house is large enough for my family to live in.
4.It was too late for them to go to the party.
5. The dress is too dirty for her to wear.
6.She is tall enough to reach the top shefl.
7. Mr Brown isn’t rish enough to buy a car.
8. My grandmother is too weak to lift the box.
9.The film is too good for the children to miss.
10. Those shoes are large enough for you to wear.
II.
1.This milk is too hot for child to drink.
2. This weight is too heavy for us to lift.

3. That door is too narrow for them to push the piano through.
4. That wall is too small for you to hang the picture on.
5.This programme is tooboring for her to watch.
III.
1.This coat is not warm enough for you to wear in the winter.
2. That chair is not strong enough (for you) to stand on.
3. This bed is not wide enough for you to sleep in.
4. There weren’t enough cups for me to make coffee for everyone.
5. He didn’t have enough time to finish the examination.
Chương 11: Các cấu trúc câu và từ thường gặp
1. suggest (đề nghị ai làm việc gì)
S + suggest + V-ing + O
Eg: I suggest learning English.
S + suggest + that + S + should + V(bare-inf).
Eg: I suggest that we should save energy.
* Trong văn nói còn có nhiều cách diễn đạt lời đề nghị khác.
- Why don’t you / we + V(bare-inf) ……….?
Eg: Why don’t we go out for a walk?
- Let us + V(bare-inf) ……= Let’s + V(bare-inf) ……
Eg: Let’s go out for a walk.
- What about + V-ing……….?
Eg: What about going out for a walk?
- How about + V-ing……….?
Eg: How about going out for a walk?
* Trong v¨n ni cßn c nhiỊu c¸ch diƠn ®¹t li ®Ị nghÞ kh¸c. v#n
- Why don’t you / we + V(bare-inf) …….?
Eg: Why don’t we go out for a walk?
- Let us + V(bare-inf) = Let’s + V(bare-inf) ……
Eg: Let’s go out for a walk.
- What about + V-ing……….?
Eg: What about going out for a walk?
- How about + V-ing……….?
Eg: How about going out for a walk?
2.Sau giới từ động từ phải thêm đuôi -ing.
2.Sau giíi t ®ng t ph¶i thªm ®u«i -ing.
On/in/of/by…… + V- ing
Eg: We can save reduce garbage by collecting plastic bags.
3.C¸c mƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷:
A. MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch kt qu¶. ( Adverb clauses of result )
MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch kt qu¶ th-ng ®-ỵc b¾t ®Çu víi So (v× th/v× vy).
Eg: - We arrived late, so we missed the beginning of the film.
There was fog, so the flight was delayed.

Structure: , So + result clause ( kt qu¶ / hu qu¶ )

B. MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch nguyªn nh©n. ( Adverb clauses of reason )

a. MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch nguyªn nh©n th-ng b¾t ®Çu víi because/ as/
since (bi v×).
Eg: + We decided to leave early because/as/since the party was boring.
+ She didn’t go there because/as/since she didn’t want to.

Structure: Because/as/since + reason clause ( nguyªn nh©n / lý do )

* Chĩ ý: MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch nguyªn nh©n c thĨ ®ng ®Çu c©u, khi n ®ng ®Çu c©u th× kt thĩc mƯnh ®Ị ph¶i c du
phy,
Eg: + Because we arrived late, we missed the beginning of the film.
b. Bªn c¹nh c¸c t trªn, th× mƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch nguyªn nh©n cßn ®-ỵc b¾t ®Çu víi because of / due to ( bi v× ).
Eg: + We cancelled our flight because the weather was bad,
We cancelled our flight because of the bad weather.
+ She got ill because she worked hard.
She got ill because of working hard.
+ Tom didn’t go to the movies due to having seen the film.

Struture: Because of / due to + N/N-phrase/-ing phrase.

C. MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch s nh-ỵng b. ( Adverb clauses of concession )

a. MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch s nh-ỵng b th-ng ®-ỵc b¾t ®Çu víi although/
though/ even though. (mỈc dÇu/cho d/du cho).
Eg: + We continued working although we were tired.
+ I didn’t get the job even though I had all necessary qualifications.
+ I couldn’t sleep though I was very tired.
Struture:
Although/even though/though + concession clause. (s nh-ỵng b )

* Chĩ ý: MƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch s nh-ỵng b c thĨ ®ng ®Çu c©u, khi n ®ng ®Çu c©u th× kt thĩc mƯnh ®Ị ph¶i c du
phy.
Eg: + Although we were tired, we continued working.
b. Bªn c¹nh c¸c t trªn, th× mƯnh ®Ị tr¹ng ng÷ ch s nh-ỵng b cßn c thĨ ®­ỵc b¾t ®Çu víi in spite of / despite.
Eg: + Although the traffic was bad, I arrived on time.
In spite of / Despite the bad trafic, I arrived on time.

Structure: In spite of / Despite + N/N-phrase/-ing phrase

4. Connectives. ( T ni )
a. And(vµ): lµ t ni ®-ỵc dng ®Ĩ ni c¸c t, cơm t hay mƯnh ®Ị víi nhau nh»m mơc ®Ých thªm th«ng tin.
Eg: + We buy vegetables, bread, fish and meat every day.
+ Yesterday she watered the flowers and went shopping.
 + James said that he was never late for class and he always did his
homework.
b. But (nh-ng): Lµ t ni ®-ỵc dng ®Ĩ diƠn ®¹t mt ý tr¸i ng­ỵc víi ý ni tr-íc ®.

Eg: + He is intelligent but lazy.

+ I like bananas but my brother doesn’t.
c. Or (hoỈc): Lµ t ni ®-ỵc dng ®Ĩ dn ra mt s la chn.
Eg: + Do you come from France or German ?
+ Is that good or bad ?
d. So (do ® / v× vy ): Lµ t ni ®-ỵc dng ®Ĩ diƠn t¶ hu qu¶ hay kt qu¶ vµ tr­íc n th­ng c du phy .
Eg: + He is busy, so he can’t help you.
+ She heard the bad news, so she cried.
e. Because (bi v×/do): Lµ t ni ®-ỵc dng ®Ĩ diƠn t¶ nguyªn nh©n hay lý do.
Eg: + He can’t help you because he is busy.
+ She cried because she heard the bad news.
f. Therefore (do ® ): Th­ng ®ĩng ®Çu c©u vµ sau n c du phy, ®­ỵc dng ®Ĩ ni hai m Ưnh ®Ị vµ diƠn t¶ kt qu¶ hay hu
qu¶.
Eg: + She studied hard. Therefore, she passed her exams.
g. However = Nonetheless = Nevertheless ( tuy nhiªn ): Th­ng ®ĩng ®Çu c©u vµ sau n c du phy, ®­ỵc dng ®Ĩ ni hai
mƯnh ®Ị vµ diƠn ®¹t mt ý tr¸i ng­ỵc víi ý ni tr-íc ®.
Eg: + She is rich and beautyful. However / Nonetheless / Nevertheless, she
isn’t happy.
h. Moreover / besides (h¬n n÷a/bªn c¹nh ®): Th­ng ®ĩng ®Çu c©u vµ sau n c du phy, ®­ỵc dng ®Ĩ m rng th«ng tin hoỈc
diƠn ®¹t cng ý.
Eg: + Her husband felt ill. Moreover / Besides, her business is not going
well.
5. In order to / so as to (®Ĩ): §­ỵc dng ®Ĩ diƠn t¶ mơc ®Ých.
Eg: + He is saving money in order to / so as to go on holiday.

+ In order to raise the class’s fund, we collect waste paper.

Structure: S + V + O + in order to / so as to + V(bare-inf) + O.

6. Would / Do you mind……….? : DiƠn t¶ li yªu cÇu lÞch s.

a. Would / Do you mind + V-ing……?
Eg: + Would you mind telling me the result of the exam ?
+ Would you mind not smoking here ?
+ Do you mind turning off the fan ?
b. Would / Do you mind if + clause? : DiƠn t¶ yªu cÇu ®­ỵc lµm ®iỊu g×.
Eg: + Would you mind if I opened the window ?

Would you mind if + clause ( in past simple ) ?

Eg: + Do you mind if I open the window ?

Do you mind if + clause ( in present simple ) ?

******************^^^^The end^^^^******************

Tµi liƯu bµi tp tham kh¶o:

S¸ch Bµi Tp Ting Anh 8.
S¸ch Bµi Tp Tinh Anh 9.
Tµi liƯu «n thi vµo líp 10 ( NXB Gi¸o Dơc )
Vµ mt s tµi liƯu kh¸c…..
Ng-i biªn so¹n:
ThÇy gi¸o : NguyƠn m¹nh hng.
Gi¸o viªn : M«n Ting Anh.
Tỉ : X· hi.
Tr-ng : THCS DiƠn Bích – DiƠn Ch©u – NghƯ An.
mỰnh
Nguyễn mỰnh