H

oax
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on
Thr
oughDigit
alPl
atf
orms
i
nIndonesi
a2018
H
oax
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on
Thr
oughDigit
alPl
atf
orms
i
nIndonesi
a2018
 Ho
axi
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on n
tro
duc
ti
on
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

Thehighgrowthofint
ernetandsmar t
phonepenet rat
i
oni nI
ndones i
aisnotcompensat
ed
wit
hvastunder standi
ngofdi git
alli
teracy.Technologyencountersachal
l
engi
ng
t
ransi
ti
on,part
i
c ul
arl
yintheoldergenerati
on(digi
tali
mmi gr
ants).Digi
t
ali
mmigr
antsr
equi
re
l
ongerti
met ounderst
andonlineproduct’
sfuncti
onali
tyandc ul
ture.

I
nt hei
nterneter
a,infor
mationflowscontinuous l
ythrought hes oci
almedia,chatgr
oup,and
newschannel.Manypeopl ear eunabletodi gestthi
sinformat i
onful
lyandc or
rect
ly
,buthave
st
rongdes i
retoi
mmedi atel
ys hareitwit
hot hers.Unfortunately
,somei nf
ormati
onc anbr
ing
manyint
er pr
etat
ionsandv i
ewpoi nt
s.Somei nter
pretat
ionsmayl eadtomisunderst
andi
ng.In
I
ndonesia,suchc asesareeasyt ofi
nd,mos tv i
sibl
einpol i
ti
c alar
eas.

Thes eideaar ethefoundat i

onofhoax .Hoax,accordi
ngtoadef i
nit
ion,i
saf alsehood
deli
ber at
elyfabri
catedtomas quer
adeast hetrut
h.InIndonesi
a,“LawNo.1 1of2008on
ElectronicInf
ormati
onandTr ansacti
on”art
icl
e28s ecti
on(2)thr
eatensanyper s onwho
knowi nglyandwi t
houtaut hori
tydi
sseminatesi
nformati
onaimedati nfl
i
cti
nghat redor
dissens i
ononi ndi
vidualsand/orcert
aingroupsofc ommunitybasedonet hnicgr oups,
rel
igions,races,andintergroups(SARA) .

I
ngener al
,peopl
efeelagi
tat
edbecauseofhoaxes.Accor
dingt
oas ur
vey,conduct
edby
MasyarakatTel
emati
kaIndonesi
ainearl
y2017,about84.
5% of11
16respondents
consi
deredtobedist
urbedbythi
sissue.

Dai
lySoci
alconduct
sar esear
chtoexpl
orethehoaxdi
st
ri
buti
onfr
om t
heplatf
orm’
ssi
de.In
col
l
aborati
onwithJakPatMobil
eSurveyPlat
f m,wesur
or veyed2032smartphoneusersin
I
ndonesiatounder
s t
andabouthowhoaxisdist
ri
but
edamongdigi
tal
plat
for
ms .
 Ho
ax Me
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on t ho
dol
ogy
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

Theresearchmet hodi sas cienti

ficwayoff i
ndingandobt aini
ngdat a.I
tislinked
withtheprocedurei nconduct i
ngr esearchandi t
stechnicalprocess.I
nt hi
s
res
earch,Dail
ySoci alus esaquant it
ativemet hod.Thedat aobtaineddirectl
yf r
om
res
pondent sist
rans latedi ntoar epres ent
ati
veanddes cripti
veexplanation.It
comeswi t
ht abl
es ,gr aphics,ordi agramst omakei teasi
ertor ead.
Explori
ng Choosing
current Est
abl
ishi
ng dat
a Col
lect
ing Analyzi
ng Publi
shi
ng
rel
evant par
ameters col
lect
ion dat
a dat
a repor
t
i
s s
ues models

Processesint hi
sr esearchareasf ol
lows:
1.Explore,formulate,anddet erminet heis
s ues
.
2.Form ar esearchmodelandr es
ear chparameter
s.
3.Determinet heins tr
umentofdat acoll
ection.
4.Coll
ectdat afrom t heresult
s.
5.Processandanal yzingdata.
6.Createar epor t
.

Fur
therr
esear
chf
rom Dai
lySoci
al:ht
tps:
//dai
lysoci
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id/r
esear
ch

R
esp
ond
entD
emo
gra
phi
cs
Respondentsaresmar t
phoneus erswholi
veinthevari
ousregi
oninIndonesi
a.The
tot
alres
pondent swhopar t
ici
patedinthi
ss ur
veywere2032people.Thefol
lowing
i
sagener aldes
cr i
pti
onofthes urveyr
espondents
'demographi
cs:

1
.Gender 3.Locat
ion

Mal
e

Java Out
sideJava
5
7.
97% 4
2.0
3%
7
7.
21
% 2
2.
79
%
Femal
e

2.AgeRange

1
.
38% 1
4.
52% 3
1.
35% 2
1.
75%
<1
6 1
6-1
9 20-
25 26-
29

1
7.
08% 7
.
92% 3
.9% 2
9 .0
2%
30-
35 36-
39 40-
45 >45
s
urve
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in
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gs
 Ho
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oci
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et
oughDi
inI
ti
n
gi
tgI
nf
or
alPlma
at
ndonesi
ft
i
oro
n
ms
a2018

Q:Whatappl
icat
ion(
soci
almedi
a)i
susual
lyusedt
orecei
veani
nfor
mat
ion?

7
7.
76%

7
2.
93%

6
0.
24%

3
2.
97%

2
1.
70%

1
0.
09%
O
the
r
o
pti
on 2
.5
1%

Facebook,WhatsApp,andInstagram (
allar
eownedbyFac ebookInc)arethetopthr
ee
go-
toappsonl ooki
ngfori
nformat i
on.Unsurpri
singf
actgi
vent hesethreeappsarealsothe
mostpopularsoci
alandmes sagingappsinI ndonesi
a,accordi
ngAppAnni e’sdat
a.
 Ho
axp
art2
D
is
tri
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ti
onT
hePro
ces
sof
Thr D
ee
oughDi
inI
pe
n
gi
ti
ngI
nf
alPlo
r
at
ndonesi
ma
ft
ori
on
ms
a2018

Q:Whenyour
ecei
veani
nfor
mat
ion,doyour
eadt
heent
ir
emat
eri
al?

4
.48%

2
2.
39%

7
7.
76%

Readt
heent
ir
einf
ormat
ion J
ustr
eadt
het
i
tl
e Noti
nter
est
edt
oread

From thes ur
v ey,t
her esul
tswer equi
tegood.About73% respondentsans weredtheyread
t
heent ir
ei nf
ormation,whil
ear ound22% onlyreadtheti
tl
e.Atthi
ss tage,i
t’
sapos it
ivetr
end.
Howev er,giventhec urr
entconditi
on,wherehoaxiseasil
yspreading,readingtheenti
re
i
nformationisnotfullysuff
ici
ent.Veri
f
icat
i
onproc essoratl
eastsimplelogicalanal
ysi
sis
requi
redt orev i
ewani nfor
mation.
 Ho
axp
art3
D
is
tri
bu
ti
onE
ffor
ttoF
orw
ard
Thr a
nI
oughDi
inI
nf
o
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trma
ti
o
alPln
at
ndonesi
f
orms
a2018

Q:Whenyour ecei
veaninf
ormat
ion,doyouf
orwar
ditt
osomeoneel
se,ei
thert
o
i
ndi
vidualoragroupofper
son?

Somet
imes(i
fIconsi
der
i
ttobeimpor
tant
) 7
7.
76%
Never
1
6.
09%
Oft
en(al
mostever
y
news) 1
1.
86%

Thesurveyr
eveals72% amongr espondentsanswertheys ometi
mesf orwardthe
i
nfor
mati
ontoani ndivi
dualoragroupofperson(e.gchatgroup)ift
hei nf
ormationis
consi
der
edtobei mportant
.Only11% saidt
heyalmos tneverfor
wardi t
.Again,thi
spointi
s
consi
der
edcrit
i
c ali
ftheinf
ormat
ionisdigest
edwithoutproperanalysi
sorv er
if
icati
on.

p
art4
E
ffor
ttoV
eri
fya
nIn
for
mat
io
n
Q:Whenyourecei
ve
i
nfor
mati
on,doyouver
ifyi
t?

Whenas kedwhet hert here’sef forttover i

fyan
5
5.
61% i
nf
r
or
es
mation,mor
pondentss ai
et
dt
hanhal
heyal
f(
way
55%)of
sver i
fyan
Yes,
always i
nformation,with41% s aidt heys omet i
mes
veri
fyit
.It’
sac r
ucial aspec tinthisc ycl
e.Thi s
4
1.
58% veri
fi
c
andac
at
c
i
oni
urac
sanat
yofani
temptt
nfor
oens
mat i
ur et
on.Fac
hev
tis
al
idi
ty
Somet
imes
somethingthatmus tbeabenc hmar kin
assessi
ngi nformation.Wi thoutv eri
fi
cati
on,
2
.8
1% peopl
i
nfor
ec
mati
anbemi
onv eri
fi
c
sl
edwi
ationi
t
hopi
simpor
ni
ons
t
.I
ants
deal
t
ept
l
y
obe
No
donebyev eryone.
 Ho
ax p
art5
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on D
etec
taH
oax
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

Q:I
nyouropi
nion,i
sdet
ect
inghoaxdi
ff
icul
t?

2
4.8
0%
Easy

4
4.1
9%
NotSur
e

3
1.
00
%
Di
ff
icul
t

Thisf
indi
ngi
squi
teal
armi
ng.Mostr
espondent
s(75%)f
i
ndi
tdi
f
fi
cul
torunsur
ewhen
assessi
ngahoax.

How doyoudet
ecthoax?

Looki
ngf
orcompar
ati
venewssour
ces Aski
ngt
rust
edcol
leagues

44.
73% 8.
96%

Cr
osschecki
ngt
hroughsear
chengi
ne Ot
heropt
ion

32.
82% 0.
49%

Assessi
ngf
rom t
hesour
ce/
sender

12.
99%

Themos tfr
equentmethodtodetecthoaxarelooki
ngforcompar
ati
venewsources
(44%),f
oll
owedbyc r
os schecki
ngv i
asearchengi
ne(32%),andassessi
ngf
rom t
he
source/
sender(
13%).
 Ho
ax p
art6
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on H
oaxF
req
uen
cy
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

Doyouof
tenr
ecei
vehoax?

5
3.
25% 4
5.0
8% 1
.
67%
Of
ten Somet
imes Never

Thes ur
veyshowsthatmorethanhalf(
53%)ofthetotalr
espondent
ss aidtheyof
ten
recei
vehoaxdist
ri
butedthr
oughthei
rsoci
alpl
atf
orms.Around45% claimst or
eceive
i
tsometimes.I
t’
sas eri
ouscondi
ti
on,gi
venhoaxdistr
ibut
ionhasbeenv erymas si
ve.

Q:I
nwhatpl
atf
orm doyouusual
lyr
ecei
vehoax?

8
1.
25%

5
6.
55%

2
9.
48%

1
1.
37%

1
0.
38%

5
.8
6%
O
the
r
o
pti
on 1
.
67%

Themos tpopularpl
atf
ormsareal
sowherehoaxismost
lyci
rcul
ated.81%
respondent
shav eencount
erhoaxi
nFacebook,f
oll
owedby56% inWhat sApp,and
29% inInst
agram.

Twi
tteri
ssurpri
si
nglyconsi
deredasas aferpl
atf
orm( 10%),howevert
hei t
’smost
ly
becauseTwitt
eri
snolongerc onsi
deredapopularplatf
orm amongrespondent
s(in
I
ndonesia)
.Only21% respondentsinPart1arereceivi
nginfor
mati
onfrom Twi
tt
er,
l
essthanat hi
rdfr
om t
hes i
milarmetri
cforFacebook.
 Ho
ax p
art7
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on A
cti
onsTa
kenWhe
n
Thr
oughDi
inI
R
ec
gi
tei
vi
ngaH
alPl
at
ndonesi
fo
orax
ms
a2018

Q:Whatdoyoudowhenr
ecei
vinghoax?

Not
hingandnot
bel
ievi
ngi
t 5
1.
03%
Lookingforcompl et
e
i
nformati
onand 3
2.
87%
provi
declarif
icat
ion
aboutthefact

Repri
mandi
ngthe
per
sonwhosentit
1
1.
56%
Repor
tingitt
othe
aut
hori
ties 3
.6
9%

Ot
her
0
.8
4%

Halfoft
herespondents(51%)determinetor
emainsi
lentwhentheyreceivehoax.I
t
si
gnalsmostpeopleli
kelytobeapatheti
caboutt
hisi
ssue.I
notherhand,32% are
l
ook i
ngforcomplet
einfor
mation,whi
le11% ar
eapproachi
ngthes enderand
r
eprimandhim/her.

Apat
hyandneglecti
ngbehavi
ormayhel pt
oamplif
yhoax’
sdist
ri
but
ion.I
t’
sac oncer
n
f
orauthor
it
iest
omak eeasi
erprocedur
eon repor
ti
nghoax.Wit
houtthi
sacti
on,it
’
s
get
ti
nghardtosuppressi
t
.
c
onc
lus
io
n
 Ho
axco
ncl
usi
on
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

1.Fac ebook,What
sApp,andI
nst
agram ar
ethemostpopul
arplat
for
mf orrespondent
sto
receiveinf
ormat
i
on.Theyar
ealsoconsi
deredt
obethemos tpopul
arplatf
ormsforhoax
dist
ribut
ion.

2.Mostr
espondent
s(73%)alwaysr
eadt
heent i
rei
nfor
mat
i
on.Howeveronl
yar
oundhal
f
(
55%)thatal
waysveri
fyt
heaccur
acy(
factcheck)
.

3.Ar
ound72% ofr
espondent
shavet
endencyt
ofor
war
dani
nfor
mat
i
ont
heyconsi
dert
obe
i
mport
ant
.

4.Accordi
ngtomostrespondent
s(75%),det
ect
inghoaxi
snoteasy
.Thec ommonmethodt
o
recogni
zeiti
sbyfi
ndi
ngdi f
fer
entsour
cesandsearcht
hei
nfor
mationt
hroughs
ear
ch
engines.

5.Moret
hanhalfofr
es pondent
s(53%)clai
mt of
requent
lyr
eceivehoax,howevermost
(
51%)aredoi
ngnot hingwhenrecei
vi
ngit,ot
herthanj
ustnotbel
ievi
ngit.Ar
ound32% t
ry
t
olookf
urt
hertofi
ndc ompl
eteandcl
ari
fi
edinf
ormati
on.
 Ho
ax
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

CUSTOMI
ZEDI
NDUSTRY&MARKET

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CONTACTUSTO KNOW MORE

resear
ch@dai
lysoci
al.
id
 Ho
ax
D
is
tri
bu
ti
on
Thr
oughDigi
talPl
atf
orms
inI
ndonesi
a2018

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