Name : Yasviena Yefta Tyasmarauli

Student Number : 1814025044

Subject : Extensive Reading
Class : Sastra Inggris B 2018
Date : 9 September 2019

What is Extensive Reading?

Extensive Reading (ER) is reading something for pleasure, which can be read easily,
smoothly and quickly without seeing words or interpreting Indonesian. In other words, you
read really read without checking the text by studying vocabulary, grammar and phrases. In
learning, extensive reading is contrasted with intensive reading. These two things have
different meanings and both are two approaches to language learning and can be used
together. Extensive reading has been used in learning since the 19th century.
Extensive reading builds vocabulary because when reading a lot can add new words
that were not previously understood or known. Extensive reading can help students
understand grammar so students can deepen understanding of how grammar is actually used
and can help build speed reading and reading fluency. This is important because it can help to
understand language faster and better. One objective of extensive reading is reading for
pleasure. It builds confidence and motivation which makes students more effective language
users.

A. Concepts
Free voluntary reading is arguably the same as extensive reading in language
education because students are free to choose books they like and are allowed to read
with their own taste and speed ability. The purpose of this is to help students enjoy
reading, so assessment is usually minimized or eliminated altogether. Behind the
extensive reading is that many readings have interesting material at the level of full
understanding of the reader and this will be able to encourage an increase in language
skills. Several studies have reported a significant increase in incidental vocabulary in
extensive reading in foreign languages (Huckin & Coady 1999). This is claimed to
improve skills in speaking and reading.
Students choose their own reading and there is no compulsion to finish reading that is
not interesting. Selected readings are usually for pleasure, information or general
 understanding. Speed in reading will usually be faster when students read material that
can be understood easily. Nation argues that learning from extensive reading must meet
the following requirements: focus on the meaning of English texts, understand the type of
learning, have an interesting book, make students to do a large amount of reading at an
appropriate level, and ensure that learning from reading is supported by types other
learning. To fulfill the requirements needed to learn from extensive reading at the level of
student skills.

B. The principles of Extensive Reading

To begin extensive reading can be done by reading stories that are far below your reading
level so that you can read them smoothly and when reading follow these principles:
1. Don't look up words or meanings in a dictionary if you don't know it. Just
continue reading and enjoy.
2. Skip the parts that you don't understand.
3. If you don't enjoy a book or don't feel like it, then look for another book.

C. The Benefits of Extensive Reading

There is a lot of research on the benefits of extensive reading for language learners. Here
are seven benefits of extensive reading:
1. Students become better readers
In learning to read, it must mean that the main focus is attention on the meaning
rather than the language of the text. It is certain that extensive reading helps
students become better readers. The more reading material students read, the
better their reading ability.
2. Students learn more vocabulary
Students may not find many new vocabularies in classroom learning. However, if
by extensive reading it is more likely to get a lot of meetings with words and
phrases in various contexts. Because in reading material or new books will surely
find some new vocabulary that adds to knowledge.
3. Students improve writing skills
Students who read extensive also benefit in writing skills. This could be because
when students discover more languages, through extensive reading the mastery of
the language or arrangement of words is more organized.
4. Students improve overall language competence
 Extensive reading students also benefit from overall language competence.
Extensive reading can improve speaking and writing skills as well.
5. Students become more motivated to read
Extensive reading can help motivate students to know that they can read in
English and enjoy it. Therefore books that are read must be interesting or
according to their interests and according to their ability to read. If you already get
an interesting reading material and in accordance with their abilities, it can
increase your confidence in reading and become more excited.
6. Students develop student autonomy
Students can read anywhere, anytime, and extensive reading helps them become
more independent and have freedom in this regard.
7. Students become more empathetic
Studies of neuroscience and social science have shown that people who read
extensive literary fiction are more empathetic. People who read novels about other
people who are very different from themselves and their backgrounds are very
empathic.

D. The Differences between Extensive Reading and Intensive Reading

1. Extnsive reading covers a large area while intensive reading covers a narrower
area. Extensive reading includes long or large amounts of text for general
understanding by enjoying the reading text. Students are given the freedom to choose
topics that are liked or interesting according to him. In this case, students must also
look for background on the chosen topic, so they know more about the chosen topic.
In contrast to intensive reading, which allows getting topics that are not liked because
the topic is given by the teacher. Students also don't need to look for articles that are
supported because the topic chosen by the teacher is usually short and easy to
understand.
2. Text for intensive reading must be short, because it has the goal is to understand the
text down to the smallest detail. The longer the selected text, the more difficult it is to
complete an in-depth analysis so that it is better to choose a shorter text. While the
text for extensive reading must match the level. Because not to try to understand
every word and phrase. The aim is to absorb unknown words through context, so if
you don't understand most of the context, the text is not suitable for extensive reading.
 3. In extensive reading does not require using excessive dictionaries, whereas
intensive reading of dictionaries is necessary. The reader only has to focus on the
language to understand the message of the text without having to over-use the
dictionary. If you use the dictionary too often, the reader will not pay attention to the
message delivered and can ruin the pleasure of reading. While the dictionary is used
frequently in intensive reading a text will be used to answer several questions so it
must know the meaning of all the words in the text to make it easy to answer the
question.

E. The Materials
Ideal learning materials for Extensive Reading includes:
1. Graded Readers
2. Bilingual Books
3. Monolingual (Native) Books
4. Magazines
5. Comic Books

Sources:
https://dianingpadmi.wordpress.com/eedduuccaattiioonn/extensive-and-intensive-reading/
http://joechip.net/extensivereading/what-is-extensive-reading/
http://joechip.net/extensivereading/what-is-extensive-reading/
https://www.er-central.com/contributors/learn-about-extensive-reading-and-
listening/what-is-extensive-reading/
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensive_reading
https://www.lucalampariello.com/intensive-vs-extensive-reading/