Sept. 18, 1923. J. E.

CRAN E ET AL
1,468,377
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING CAMPHOR
Filed March 23, 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 1

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METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING CAMPHOR
Filed March 23, 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 5

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 'Patiented Sept. 18, 1923.
1463,377
UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.
JASPER. E. CRANE AND EVARTs G. Loonis, OF NEWARK, NEWJERSEY, AsSIGNORs to
E.PORAOR
I. Du PONT
OF DENEMOURS
DEAWARE. AND COMPANY, OF WILRIINGTON, DELAWARE, A coR
RIETEOD AND APPARATUS FoR PURIFYING CAMPEOR.
Application filed March 23, 1918. Serial No. 224,134.
To all whom it may concern:
Beit known that JASPER. E. CRANE, and lined steel, or other suitable metal, and may be
EvARTs G. Loong Is, of Newark, in the county attack withbyanycamphor.
suitable material not subject
To permit charging 5
of Essex and in the State of New Jersey, to of the chamber a cover 4 is provided, held
have invented
provement in aMethods
certain new
and and useful Im
Apparatus for in place in any suitable manner as by wing
E"; Camphor,is aandfull,doclear,
herebyanddeclare nuts 5. The baking chamber is heated suit
that the Ollowing exact ably, for example, by means of a jacket 6, 30
description thereof. through which heated oil from a circulating
0. The invention has for an object to provide System later to be described, is passed. An .
a method of treating camphor, so as to re outlet such as pipe leads from chamber 1,
such outlet being shown as controlled by
move objectionable impurities from the same. valve 10 located therein
Another object of the invention is to pro an operating
vide an apparatus in which such process handle 11. and provided with 85
5 may be carried out to purify large quantities The outlet pipes 7 from the several bak
of camphor expeditiously and at low cost. header ing chambers 1 are shown as connected to a
Further objects and advantages if the in pipe 9 to8 purifierwhich preferably leads, through
2, an element of especial 0
vention will appear from the detailed importance to certain aspects of the present
20 description thereof contained hereinafter, in invention. The passageway through pipe 9
which we have disclosed a specific form of to purifier 2 is controlled by a valve 12. (Fig.
apparatus and method of operation, which
apparatus and method of operation are, how 8), having an operating handle 13, and arms
13° adapted to remove solidified camphor
ever, to be considered merely as illustrative from the bottom of the purifier when the
s
of the principle
drawings:-- of the invention. In the valve is rotated. The purifier 2 may be of
any desired shape, but preferably consists
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus of a cylindrical vessel 2, having a conical
by means of which our invention may be car botton
ried out; s 2, and a removable top cover 29 to 30
permit access to the same. e O Ore
30 Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same. pans such as 15 are supported in the vessel
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the purifier 2 between inlet pipe 9 and outlet pipe 14
shown in Fi gs. 1 and 2. thereof, such pans providing a plurality of
Figs. 4 and 5 are plan views respectively troughs 16". (Fig. 4) separated by spaces 85
of the pans and baffle plates preferably used
in the purifier shown. 17 and 18. Baffle plates 16 are located above
35 the
Fig.6 is a plan view partially in section inverted pans 15 and are shown as having
of the condenser shown in Figs. 1 and 2. troughs 16 extending into troughs
16", and the latter are filled with a liquid
Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Fig. 6 such as camphor,
looking in the direction of the arrows. through which any gases 90
Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 7. or vapors necessarily must pass in being led
40 Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 7. through the purifier. If desired, a further
outlet opening 25 and
Fig. 10 is a vertical section showing in vided, but the passage through pipe 23 may be pro
detail a preliminary cooler which may be closed such pipe is
used in connection with the condenser; and divert the purified gases or vaporsdesired
by disc 24, unless it be to 95
from the
Figs. 11 and 12 are respectively a longi
45
tudinal section and end view of a preferred isremainder of the apparatus. The purifier 2
maintained at proper temperature, for
form of baking chamber. \
. In the drawings, 1 represents a preferred instance by a coil of pipes. 2", which are
preferably included in a heated oil circulat 100
form of baking chamber, of which any de ing system later to be described. A mica
50
sired number may be employed in the ap window W may also be provided for con
paratus, which chambers are preferably sup venience
orted in inclined position by any suitable purifier. in watching the operation in the
ramework, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Bak
ing chamber 1 (Fig. 11) may be made of As shown, a pipe 26 leads from outlet 05
opening 14, and preferably extends, as at
 i,468,877
From the pump P the oil is preferably de
29, (Fig. 10), within the interior of a pre livered
liminary cooler 30, which cooler, may be which ittopasses a receiving chamber 84, from
through suitable piping to
cooled by the air, or artificially if desired. the various apparatus to be heated. Piping 70
Preliminary cooler 30 is shown as mount 85 preferably leads from
ed upon a condenser 3, a passageway 81 is connected to the bakingchamber 84, and
being provided between the two members. means of a pipe 86 and branch pipes1 87,
chambers by
As shown particularly in Figs. 6 and the leading respectively to the different being
condenser 3 perferably consists of an chambers 1. Returnpipes 89 may exten 75
elongated casing 32 within which may rotate from the several baking chambers 1 to the
0 two screw conveyors 34, supported by means pipe 91 which latter is shown as connected
such as bearings 34 and 34 in the casing. to pipe 81 so as to lead the oil back to pump
The spiral blades 35 of the conveyors are P.Valves 88 and 90, located respectively
preferably located in staggered relation to in pipes 87 and 89 control the flow of oil to 80.
each other, such blades substantially filling
15 the space within the casing 32, as shown in the
is
different baking chambers. Heating oil
also shown as supplied to the purifier 2
Fig. 8, and the two conveyors 34 are rotated from pipe
in the embodiment shown, by means of ing through85coil by 2means of a pipe 91, lead
to a pipe 92, which lat
worm gears 36 which engage a worm 36 ter is shown as connected
upon shaft 78. The outlet of the condenser low pressure side of a valveto93pipe 85 on the 85
located there
3 to which the camphor is advanced is shown in. Flow of oil to the purifier is controlled
at 37.
We have provided the following cooling. by means such as a valve 94 located in pipe
91.
system for the condenser, the detetails of
which, however, may be widely varied. A pipe 95Header 8 is shown
extending as also from
therethrough heatedpipe
by
90
pipe 38 containing cooling water, is con 85, and leading back to pipe 91.
nected by means such as pipes 40, 42 and 43 In order that there will always be suf
(Fig. 8), with a water jacket 41 located beficient pressure to force the oil through the
neath the condenser casing 32. A similar heating system, and also in order that over
water jacket 45 is shown as provided above the amountsoil
flow of the may be provided for in case 95
supplied by the pump should be
O such casing, and connected to jacket 41
through pipes 44 and 46; from jacket 45 the shutting off of the valves, incare
more... than can be taken of upon the
cooling water is led through pipes 47, 48, shown a standpipe 96 (Fig. 2) embodiment
the
49 and 51, to an exhaust pipe 52. The in which is connected by pipe 96 istoprovided,
teriors of screw conveyors 34 are supplied 85, and by pipe 96 to the receivingthecham pipe 00
with cooling water from pipe 88, by means
such as pipe 53, leading through pipes 54, ber 84, and any over-flow to such stand
55, 56, 58 and 59, to receiving chambers 57 pipe
pipe
is lead back to reservoir R through
96°. .
such as are shown respectively adjacent the By means
bearings 34 of the screw conveyors. 34. be obvious ofthat the circulating system, it will 105
0. From chamber 57 the cooling water prefer heated oil may be any desired amount of
ably passes through an annular space 60 in apparatus to be heated, or thetooilthealone
supplied different
may
a neck 60 of the screw conveyor 34, and
thence to the hollow interior 62 of the body be heated by opening valve 93 which brings
portion of the screw. The water thus flows system.a "short
about circuit” ofpump
the circulating
the full length of the interior of such body Operated at such speed that oil isP continu
Also if desired may be O
45
portion, and back through the end 63 of a ously forced into the reservoir and pumped
pipe 64, which serves to conduct the water
to a fixed pipe 65, from which it is con therefrom, thus making
system.the reservoir a part
ducted to exhaust pipe 52, by means of pipes of Power
the circulating
for the pump P may be supplied 5
67, 68 and 69 (Fig. 9). In order to cool from motor
bearings 34, we have provided means such by means of aM,beltwhich 74
drives a shaft 74
and pulley 75, shaft
as pipes 70 and 71 which lead from pipe 74 driving the pump through belt 79 and
38 to a chamber 71 within such bearing, and pulley 80. Worm shaft 78, which operates
pipes 72 and 73 which are connected to ex the conveyor, may also be driven from shaft 20
haust pipe 52. 74 by means of belt 76 and pulley 77. If
The means by which baking chambers 1
and purifier 2 are heated, is not essential to cooling water under pressure is not other
Wise readily available, a water pump 98 may
the invention, but such heating may be con also be driven from shaft 74 through pulley
veniently brought about by means of a heat 98 and belt 99. 125
ed oil circulating system as follows:-A res In purifying camphor according to the
ervoir R is provided, which is connected by method of operation which is preferably
pipe 81, which leads through electric heaters followed with the above described apparatus,
82, to an oil pump P, a valve V being pro Crude camphor is fed into baking chambers
vided so that the oil supply in the system 1 through covers 4, and the chambers closed. 30
can be shut off from the reservoir if desired.
 2488,87? C
3
Sufficient
oil heat issystem
circulating applied, by means,
above of the
described, to casing 32 until it is finally lelivered at out
vaporize the crude camphor, with valves 10 let opening 37. The spiral blades of the
conveyors 34, being staggered, rctate in such
closed. The heating in confinement is pref
erably continued until substantially all the a manner that the blades of one conveyor
camphor oils and resinous products con will always clear the blades of the other,
tained in the crude camphor are decom so that each blade acts to scrape out the
posed, and converted into relatively non spaces between the turns of the other blade.
0. volatile substances, or, at least, into sub In this manner the camphor fumes are
stances having different volatility from cam changed from a gaseous to a solid state, dur
phor. At atmospheric pressure, camphor ing all of which time the camphor is being
melts at approximately 350 F., and boils at Ntransferred from the entrance end of the 5
about 400°F., and a temperature of about condenser toward the delivery end thereof.
15 por formwill
500°F., convert the camphor into va ofWhile
without decomposing it or alter.
we have described a specific form
our invention, it is obvious that many
ing it chemically, and such temperature if changes will be made, which will still be 80
maintained for approximately one hour is within theclaims.spirit thereof as defined in the
sufficient to decompose the above mentioned following
We claim:
20 impurities. If desired, the water may be re
moved at this time by inserting into the 1. The method of purifying camphor
baking chamber such material as lime. It which comprises vaporizing camphor from 85
will be obvious that any desired number of the crude product, passing the resulting
the baking chambers may be utilized in per the fumes through liquid camphor, and cooling
forming the heating operation with the fumes to condensation.
25 valve 10 closed, while other baking cham 2. The method of purifying camphor
bers may be either inoperative or perform which comprises passing camphor fumes 90
ing the subsequent distilling operation. through liquid camphor, cooling said fumes
After the organic impurities have been to condensation, and removing the solid cam
30 decomposed, and the camphor vaporized as condensed
phor from therein.
the condensing chamber as it is
above described, valves 10 and 12 are
opened, so that the camphor vapors or fumes 3. The method of purifying camphor 35
pass through header 8, pipe 9 into purifier which comprises confining and heating the
2. in this latter member the fumes are com crude product to a temperature sufficient to
pelled
35 tained to pass through a body of liquid, such vaporize the camphor from same and de
composetoorganic
as molten camphor, as above described con fumes impurities, and cooling the
condensation.
in troughs 16; and this scrubbing op 00
eration removes such foreign matter, as dirt 4. The method of purifying camphor
or dust, etc., which may have become me which comprises confining and heating the
40 chanically mixed with the camphor fumes. crude product to a temperature sufficient to
The organic impurities having been left be vaporize the camphor from same and de
hind and thereby removed in the baking compose organic impurities, scrubbing the 05
chamber, and the camphor also having been fumes bypassing them through a liquid, and
purified as above described in the purifier 2, .cooling the fumes to condensation.
45 substantially pure camphor fumes will pass 5. The method of purifying camphor
through outlet 14 and pipe 26, which fumes which comprises confining and heating the
are in condition to be condensed and collected. crude product to a temperature sufficient to 10
If the preliminary cooler 30 is employed vaporize the camphor from same and de
the fumes will next be led through it, and compose organic impurities, passing the
50 their temperature reduced thereby, atter fumes through liquid camphor, and cooling
which they pass through opening 31 to the the said fumes to condensation. .
interior of condenser casing 32. At this 6. The method of purifying camphor 5
point it is probable that the camphor might which comprises confining and featin the
be observed both in vapor and liquid form, crude camphor to a vaporizing temperature
55 and owing to the cooling of the condenser and maintaining the temperature long
scasing, condensation of the camphor upon enough to decompose the impurities in the
the walls thereof soon will take place. Such crude camphor, scrubbing the camphor 20
condensation is assisted by the provision ot fumes through liquid camphor, and con
the spiral blades which form an elongated the
passageway through which any.fumes must
densing them while continously removing
condensate.
60
pass in being led through the casing, where In testimony that they claim the foregoing
by the blades hold the camphor back, and they have hereunto set their hands.
cause it to condense readily. As the cam JASPER. E. CRANE.
phor solidifies the spiral blades scrape it
65 away from the cooling surfaces, and at the Witnesses as toEVARTS
Jasper E. G. LOOMIS.
Crane:
same time convey it continuously through P. E. STRICKLAND,
ADE. ScHWEINITz,