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Mtele 1
Mtele 1
Mtele 1
Figure 11-1
Correct Answer: e
Correct Answer: b
Correct Answer: c
Correct Answer: d
Your Answer: a
6. You have a need to use a device to trigger an SCR. A good one to use might be
7. Which of the following devices might best be used to control an electric motor?
9. You need to design a relaxation oscillator circuit. The most likely device to use might be
10. You need a very efficient thyristor to control the speed of an AC fan motor. A good device to
use would be
11. You have the schematic diagram of several types of circuits. Which of these circuits most
likely uses a triac?
12. You have a light-dimmer circuit using an SCR. In testing the circuit, you find that IG = 0 mA
and the light is still on. You conclude that the trouble might be one of the following:
13. Your boss has asked you to recommend a thyristor that will enable you to turn it on with a
pulse and also turn it off with a pulse. Which of the following should you recommend?
Correct Answer: 4
20. The ______ can be externally programmed to turn on at a desired anode-to-gate voltage
level.
21.
Identify the symbol:
22.
Identify the symbol:
Correct Answer: to provide current up to a maximum, but drop current to a lower value
when the output becomes shorted, to prevent overheating of the device
Figure 17-1
7. Refer to Figure 17-1(b). If the load is short-circuited, what would be the maximum current
through R1?
11. Refer to Figure 17-1(c). This circuit operates at a _____ frequency, and its efficiency is
_____.
12. Refer to Figure 17-1(c). The inductor and capacitor are used for
13. Refer to Figure 17-1(b). The purpose for the zener diode D1 is
14. A voltage regulator has a no-load output of 18 V and a full-load output of 17.3 V. The percent
load regulation is
15. A voltage regulator with a no-load output dc voltage of 12 V is connected to a load with a
resistance of 10 . If the load resistance decreases to 7.5 , the load voltage will decrease
to 10.9 V. The load current will be _____, and the percent load regulation is _____.
16. Refer to Figure 17-1(b). If the output of the circuit were to be a short circuit, what power
rating would R1 need to have?
17. Refer to Figure 17-1(a). If the zener diode had a rating of 1.7 V, the output voltage would be
19. Refer to Figure 17-1(a). If a solder splash shorted the ends of R1 to each other,
20. Refer to Figure 17-1(c). If the output voltage tends to decrease due to an increase in load
current, the transistor will conduct for _____ time each cycle.
21. Voltage regulators keep a constant _____ output voltage when the input or load varies within
limits.
Your Answer: dc
22. _____ regulation can be defined as the percentage change in the output voltage for a given
change in the input voltage.
23. _____ regulation can be defined as the percentage change in the output voltage for a given
change in load current.
24. In a series linear regulator, the control element is a(n) _____ in series with the load.
25. In a shunt linear regulator, the control element is a(n) _____ in parallel with the load.
26. The _____ regulator is less efficient than the _____ type, but offers inherent short-circuit
protection.
Correct Answer: 90
Correct Answer: 3
1-1. Which of the following electronic devices operates d) Zener diode
by virtue of the movement of electrons within a solid
piece of semiconductor material? 1-8. Which of the following solid-state devices
has both gain and fast-switching capabilities?
a) Transistor
b) Junction diode a) Zener diode
c) Solid-state device b) Tunnel diode
d) Each of the above c) Junction diode
d) Point-contact diode
1-2. Which of the following electronic devices is a
minute piece of semiconductor material that can 1-9. Which of the following advantages, if any, does a
produce complete electronic circuit functions? conventional electron tube have over a semiconductor
device?
a) Zener diode
b) Light-emitting diode a) It is more efficient
c) Integrated circuit b) It has a longer life
d) Field effect transistor c) It is more economical
d) None of the above
1-3. Which of the following terms is used for
the decrease in resistance as the temperature of the 1-10. When compared to an electron tube, the
semiconductor increases? semiconductor device has which of the following
limitations?
a) Positive temperature coefficient
b) Negative temperature coefficient a) The semiconductor is more sensitive to
c) Faraday temperature coefficient temperature
d) Zero temperature coefficient b) The semiconductor is used only in radar
equipment
1-4. In addition to rectifying properties, selenium has c) The semiconductor is difficult to adapt to
the property of being light sensitive. How is selenium's commercial products
resistance affected by light? d) Each of the above
a) It decreases with an increase in light 1-11. Matter can be found in which of the following
intensity forms?
b) It increases with an increase in light intensity
c) It remains constant with variation in light a) Solid
intensity b) Liquid
d) It increases regardless of the variation in light c) Gas
intensity d) Each of the above
1-5. One of the most sensitive elements of 1-12. A substance that cannot be reduced to a
semiconductor materials is galena. Galena is a simpler form by chemical means is called a/an
crystalline form of what material?
a) element
a) Krypton b) mixture
b) Bismuth c) compound
c) Strontium d) solution
d) Lead sulfide
1-13. An atom is the smallest possible particle that
1-6. What significant discovery caused a breakthrough retains the characteristics of which of the following
in the development of semiconductor devices? substances?
1-7. Which of the following devices is frequently used 1-14. A molecule is the smallest possible particle that
to regulate power supply voltages at precise levels? retains the characteristics of which of the following
substances?
a) Junction diode
b) Tunnel diode a) An element
c) Esaki diode b) A mixture
c) A compound a. The separation between the valence
d) A solution and forbidden bands
b. The separation between the
1-15. Which part of the atom has a negative conduction and valence bands
charge and a small mass? c. The separation between the
conduction and forbidden bands
a) Proton d. The separation between the forbidden
b) Electron band and the energy gap
c) Positron
d) Neutron 1-25. Which of the following terms applies to the
process that holds the atom together in a crystal?
1-16. Which part of the atom has a positive
charge and a large mass? a. Suhl effect
b. Superposition
a) Proton c. Boundary defect
b) Electron d. Covalent bonding
c) Positron
d) Neutron 1-26. The movement of electrons in a semiconductor
toward the applied voltage is termed
1-17. Which part of the atom has no electrical charge?
a. hole flow
a) Proton b. positive conduction
b) Electron c. negative conduction
c) Positron d. electron current flow
d) Neutron
1-27. When the theory of semiconductors is discussed,
1-18. What name is given to the outermost shell what term(s) is/are used to describe the current that
of an atom? flows in the semiconductor?
1-19. What term is used to describe an atom which has 1-28. What process takes place within the
more than its normal amount of electrons? semiconductor to cause hole flow?
1-20. Which of the following terms is defined as the 1-29. A material which has an equal number of
process by which an atom gains or loses electrons? electron-hole pairs and conducting electrons is known
as what type of semiconductor material?
a) Quanta
b) Ionization a. Extrinsic
c) Loss of energy b. Intrinsic
d) Remaining energy c. N-type
d. P-type
1-21. Electrons are NEVER found in which of
the following bands? 1-30. The process of adding impurities to crystals
is known by which of the following terms?
a) Energy band
b) Valence band a. Charging
c) Forbidden band b. Doping
d) Conduction band c. Honing
d. Processing
1-22. What determines whether a substance is an
insulator, semi-conductor, or conductor? 1-31. When doping increases the number of free
electrons in a semiconductor, what type of impurity has
been added?
1-40. Current flow in a copper wire can be compared to
a. E-type current flow in what type(s) of semiconductor material?
b. N-type
c. O-type a. N-type only
d. P-type b. P-type only
c. N- and P-type
1-32. The semiconductor doping impurities— arsenic, d. All types
antimony, and bismuth—are classified as what type of
impurities? 1-41. What is the overall electrical charge of the
N-material in a semiconductor?
a. Active
b. Neutral a. Zero
c. Trivalent b. Some negative value
d. Pentavalent c. Some positive value
d. Depending upon the balance of
1-33. In the P-type semiconductor, what are the electrons, it will be positive or negative
majority carriers?
1-42. What is the overall electrical charge of the P-
a. The electrons material in a semiconductor?
b. The holes
c. The inactive atoms a. Zero
d. The inert atoms b. Some negative value
c. Some positive value
1-34. What is/are the purpose(s) of the PN junction d. Depending upon the balance of
diode? electrons, it will be positive or negative
1-48. In the PN junction, which of the following actions 1-61. Signal diodes are used for which of the following
will increase the number of majority carriers and purposes?
increase current flow in a forward-biased condition?
1. As mixers
a. Increasing the size of the P material 2. As switches
b. Decreasing the size of the P material 3. As detectors
c. Increasing battery voltage 4. Each of the above
d. Decreasing battery voltage
1-62. What type of bias makes a diode act as an open
1-49. A voltage applied to a PN junction so that it will switch?
increase the junction barrier and offer a high resistance
to current flow is called what type of bias? 1. Direct
2. Reverse
a. Direct 3. Forward
b. Forward 4. Switching
c. Reverse
d. Indirect 1-63. A standard specification sheet for a diode
contains which of the following information?
1-50. When the negative terminal of a battery is
connected to the P material, and the positive terminal 1. A brief description of the diode
is connected to the N material, what type of bias is 2. Major application of the diode
being used? 3. Special features of the diode
4. All of the above
a. Self
b. Forward 1-67. A matching pair of diodes is indicated by which of
c. Reverse the following numbers?
d. Inverse
1. 2N325
1-51. What provides you with information concerning 2. 1N325C
the voltage-current relationship of a PN junction diode? 3. 2N325M
4. 1N325M
a. The body color of the diode
b. The color coded bands on the diode 1-68. The number 3N345 identifies which of the
c. The printed information on the diode following semiconductors, if any?
d. The characteristic curve graph of
the diode 1. Diode
2. Transistor
1-58. If the input freq to a half-wave rectifier is 120 Hz, 3. Tetrode transistor
what is the output frequency of the rectified dc? 4. None of the above
a. 30 pps 1-69. What type of diode has green, blue, and orange
b. 60 pps bands?
c. 120 pps
d. 240 pps a. 1N463
b. 1N572
1-59. Why are the units (plates) of the metallic c. 1N663
rectifier stacked? d. 1N563
1-72. As you make a front-to-back ratio check of a 2-6. Junction transistors have replaced pointcontact
diode with an ohmmeter, your first measurement transistors for which of the following reasons?
(forward) is a low resistance reading, and your second
measurement (reverse) is also a low reading. What a. Junction transistors generate less
should be your evaluation of the diode? noise
b. Junction transistors handle more
a. It is open power
b. It is shorted c. Junction transistors provide higher
c. It is good current and voltage gains
d. It is leaky d. All of the above
1-73. What are normally the front-to-back ratio of (a) a 2-7. What is the total number of PN junctions in a
power rectifier and (b) a signal diode? transistor?
1-74. Of the following tests, which is the most valid for 2-8. What are the two junctions of a transistor?
checking a diode?
a. Emitter-base and emitter-collector
a. A forward and reverse resistance b. Emitter-collector and base-collector
check with an ohmmeter c. Emitter-base and collector-emitter
b. The substitution of a new diode for the d. Emitter-base and base-collector
questionable one
c. A dynamic electrical check with a 2-9. With proper bias applied to a transistor, what
diode test set should be the relative resistance of (a) the emitter-base
d. A forward and reverse resistance junction and (b) the base-collector junction?
check using two different ohmmeters
a. (a) High (b) low
2-1. What term is used for a semiconductor b. (a) High (b) high
that has three or more elements? c. (a) Low (b) low
d. (a) Low (b) high
a. Diode
b. Transistor 2-10. For normal operation of a transistor, what is the
c. Duo-diode bias of the (a) emitter-base junction and (b) base-
d. Point contact collector junction?
2-2. The term transistor was derived from which of the a. (a) Forward (b) reverse
following words? b. (a) Forward (b) forward
c. (a) Reverse (b) forward
a. Resistance and capacitance d. (a) Reverse (b) reverse
b. Transformer and resistor
c. Resistor and transformer 2-16. In a transistor, what percent of the total current
d. Transfer and resistor flows through the emitter lead?
3-23. What is/are the basic purpose(s) of the silicon 3-31. What name is given to a group of devices that
controlled rectifier (SCR)? either produce light or use light in their operation?
3-24. The SCR is equivalent to what electronic device? 3-32. In optoelectronic devices, what do the initials
LED stand for?
a) Diode
b) Tetrode a. Low-emitting diode
c) Thyratron b. Low-emitting device
d) Beam power tube c. Light-emitting diode
d. Light-emitting device
3-25. Which of the following circuits uses an SCR in its
electronic circuitry? 3-33. What determines the color of light emitted by an
LED?
a) Computer logic circuit
b) Voltage comparator circuit a. The type of incandescent bulb used
c) Antenna power amplifier circuit b. The type of material used
d) Each of the above c. The type of bias used
d. The type of fluorescent bulb used
3-28. Once an SCR is turned on by a positive pulse of
current applied to the gate lead, what action turns the 3-34. What is the standard schematic symbol used to
SCR off? designate LEDs?
a) Removing the positive pulse from the gate lead a. An incandescent bulb with arrows
b) Inserting a negative pulse of current on the pointing toward the light
gate lead b. An incandescent bulb with arrows
c) Reducing the collector current to a value pointing away from the light
below that necessary to maintain c. A diode with two arrows pointing
conduction toward the cathode
d) Increasing the collector current to a point that d. A diode with two arrows pointing
the SCR will go into saturation and cut off away from the cathode
3-29. What is the total number of terminals in a 3-35. The circuit symbols for all optoelectronic devices
TRIAC? have arrows pointing either toward them or away from
them. When the arrows point toward the symbol, what
a) One does this indicate?
b) Two
c) Three a. The device produces light
d) Four b. The device uses light
c. The device requires current flow
3-30. What is the main difference between the TRIAC d. The device produces current flow
and the SCR?
3-38. When replacing LED displays, which of the a. Phototransistor
following methods should you use to ensure that the b. Photocell
replacement display is of the same type as the faulty c. LED
display? d. SCR
a. (a) Increase (b) decreases 3-51. How should photovoltaic cells be coupled
b. (a) Increases (b) increases together to produce a relatively high voltage?
c. (a) Decreases (b) increases
d. (a) Decreases (b) decreases a. Series coupling
b. Parallel coupling
3-41. To conduct, how must a photodiode be biased? c. Inductive coupling
d. Mechanical coupling
a. Reverse biased
b. Forward biased 3-52. What is the total number of terminals in a
c. Either 1 or 2 above, depending on light unijunction transistor (UJT)?
intensity
a. One
3-42. Photodiodes are useful in which of the following b. Two
applications? c. Three
d. Four
a. Computer card readers
b. Photographic light meters 3-53. The UJT has which of the following advantages
c. Optic scanning equipment over the conventional transistor?
d. Each of the above
a. Fewer terminals
3-43. Which of the following optoelectronic devices b. Larger bandpass
provides increased, conduction for a given light c. Less bias is required
intensity? d. Increased temperature stability
a. (a) Emitter (b) cathode 3-71. The MOSFET is normally constructed so that it
b. (a) Base (b) grid operates in either the depletion mode or the
enhancement mode. The depletion mode MOSFET (a)
uses what type of bias and (b) has what type of doped 4-4. What is/are the functions of the filter section?
channel to cause a depletion of current carriers in the
channel? a. To eliminate dc voltage
b. To increase the amplitude of ac
a. (a) Reverse (b) lightly c. To convert pulsating dc to steady
b. (a) Forward (b) lightly dc
c. (a) Reverse (b) heavily d. All of the above
d. (a) Forward (b) heavily
4-5. The purpose of a center tap in a transformer is to
3-72. The enhancement mode MOSFET (a) uses what provide
type of bias and (b) has what type of doped channel to
enhance the current carriers in the channel? a. two separate dc voltages to the
rectifier
a. (a) Reverse (b) lightly b. a step-down voltage to the rectifier
b. (a) Forward (b) lightly c. pulsating dc to the rectifier
c. (a) Reverse (b) heavily d. two equal voltages from one
d. (a) Forward (b) heavily transformer
3-74. What type metal is used in the construction of a 4-6. A diode is an ideal rectifier for which, if any, of the
MOSFET? following reasons?
4-3. What is the primary function of the rectifier 4-10. What is the ripple frequency of a half-wave
section? rectifier with an input line frequency of 60 Hz?
a. To convert dc to ac a. 30 Hz
b. To convert ac to pulsating dc b. 60 Hz
c. To increase average voltage output c. 90 Hz
d. To decrease average voltage output d. 120 Hz
a. True
4-11. In a half-wave rectifier, what is the average b. False
voltage output when the peak voltage is 300 volts?
4-23. To obtain a steady dc output in a simple
a. 190.8 volts capacitor circuit, the capacitor must charge almost
b. 95.4 volts instantaneously to the value of the applied voltage.
c. 19.08 volts
d. 9.4 volts a. True
b. False
4-14. What is the ripple frequency of a fullwave rectifier
with an input line frequency of 60 Hz? 4-24. Which of the following factors, if any, determines
the rate of discharge of the capacitor in a filter circuit?
a. 30 Hz
b. 60 Hz a. The value of the load resistance
c. 90 Hz b. The amount of voltage
d. 120 Hz c. The type of capacitor
d. None of the above
4-15. The full-wave rectifier has which of the following
advantages over the halfwave? 4-25. A half-wave rectifier has an output frequency of
60 hertz, a filter capacitor value of 40 microfarads, and
a. Higher average voltage and current a load resistance of 10 kilohms. What is the value of
b. Larger number of components XC?
c. Higher value of voltage
d. Better regulation a. 133.3 ohms
b. 26.5 ohms
4-16. What is the average voltage output of a full-wave c. 66.3 ohms
rectifier that has an output of 100 volts peak? d. 40.0 ohms
a) 1 to 20 a. 5
b) 5 to 25 b. 10
c) 25 to 30 c. 20
d) 10 to 200 d. 30
4-33. If the impedance of the choke in an LC choke- 4-44. If a power supply produces 10 volts with no load
input filter is increased, the ripple will and 9 volts under full load, what is the percent of
regulation?
a) increase
b) decrease a. 8
c) oscillate b. 9
d) remain the same c. 10
d. 11
4-34. A full-wave rectifier has an output frequency of
120 hertz, a filter choke with a value of 10 henries, and 4-45. If a power supply produces 20 volts with no load
a load resistance of 10 kilohms. What is the value of and 20 volts under full load, what is the percent of
XL? regulation?
a) 75 ohms a. 1
b) 7.5 ohms b. 2
c) 75 kilohms c. 3
d) 7.5 kilohms d. 0
4-35. The filter capacitor in the LC choke input filter is 4-46. Basic voltage regulators are classified as either
NOT subject to extreme voltage surges because of the series or shunt. Their classification is determined by
protection provided by what component? which of the following factors?
a. An open
b. A short
c. A low resistance
d. A high resistance
a. It is operational
b. It is cracked
c. It is shorted
d. It is open
a. Overload
b. Open circuit
c. Ambient temperature
d. None of the above
a. Smoke test
b. Current test
c. Signal tracing
d. None of the above