MODULE 04

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

& STAAD Pro

Allan E. Botuyan, MSCE

 OUTLINE

1. INTRODUCTION
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.1. FLEXURE
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION
2.3. DESIGN FOR ANCHORAGE
2.4. STAAD PRO INPUT PARAMETERS
2.5. STAD DESIGN OUTPUT FOR BEAMS
2.6. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BEAMS
 OUTLINE

3. COLUMN DESIGN
3.1. COLUMN INTERACTION DIAGRAM
3.2. STAAD DESIGN BRIEF FOR COLUMNS
3.3. STAAD DESIGN OUTPUT FOR
COLUMNS
3.4 SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR
COLUMNS
4. DESIGN IN STAAD PRO
I. INTRODUCTION

• Analysis part is always followed by the

design part.
• The design of members is based on the
critical member forces
I. INTRODUCTION

• What are the critical member forces use for

design?
• ANALYSIS RESULTS based on loads and
load combinations
• Vertical loads = dead and live loads
• Seismic loads = static or dynamic loads
• P-delta effects
• Horizontal torsional moments
• Orthogonal effects
• Load combinations
I. INTRODUCTION

Seismic Loads
• P-delta Effects
I. INTRODUCTION
P Δ
P
F uy

V=F

SECONDARY MOMENT
M =(FL)+(PΔ)
R=P
I. INTRODUCTION

Δ
Pi = Pd+Pl
Vi – story shear

Story height, hi

Vi –story shear
 I. INTRODUCTION
Seismic Loads
P-delta Effects (NSCP 208.5.1.3)

1. PΔ need not be considered when the ratio of

the secondary moment to primary moment is
less than 10%
2. PΔ need not be considered when the story
drift ratio does not exceed 0.02/R
I. INTRODUCTION
Seismic Loads
Horizontal Torsional Moments (NSCP 208.5.7)

The accidental torsion shall be determined by

assuming the mass is displaced 5% of the
building width.
I. INTRODUCTION
Seismic Loads
Horizontal Torsional Moments (NSCP 208.5.7)

0.05L

Fz

L
I. INTRODUCTION
Seismic Loads
Horizontal Torsional Moments (NSCP 208.5.7)

Fx 0.05B
B

L
I. INTRODUCTION
Seismic Loads
Orthogonal Effects (NSCP208.8.1)

Fx
B

0.3Fx
L
I. INTRODUCTION
Seismic Loads
Orthogonal Effects (NSCP208.8.1)

0.3Fy
B

Fy
L
I. INTRODUCTION

• note that the initial proportioning of beam

and column sizes is part of the design and
may not be the final dimension.
• design is a series of iteration and resizing,
then reanalysis, then redesign.
I. INTRODUCTION
Design is an iteration process:
1. Initial sizing of beams and columns.
2. Analysis for stresses.
3. Design of steel reinforcements.
if design is inadequate, repeat step 1, 2,
and 3.
4. If design is adequate, adopt sizes and
reinforcements.
5. Apply seismic detailing
I. INTRODUCTION

• All concrete design calculation is governed

by the current ACI 318 code.
• Unified (strength) design method is adopted
by the current code.
• The working stress design (WSD) is deleted
from the ACI 318 code
• STAAD Pro does not employ the WSD for
reinforced concrete design.
I. INTRODUCTION

• SPECIAL MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES

(SMRF) are the type of frames, instead of
ORDINARY MOMENT RESISTING
FRAMES (OMRF), are required for high
seismic risk areas, such as the Philippines.
• Therefore, the NSCP requires that all
buildings in the Philippines must be
designed to effectively resist high seismic
forces.
I. INTRODUCTION

• At the moment, STAAD Pro has NO

provision for automatic seismic
detailing in reinforced concrete
design.

• What shall we do????

2. BEAM DESIGN

• FLEXURE

• SHEAR

• TORSION
2. BEAM DESIGN

2.1. FLEXURE
The main (longitudinal) reinforcement is
calculated for midspan (sagging) and
support (hogging) bending moments on the
basis of the section profile in the design
brief (ie. PRISMATIC ZD, YD).
2. BEAM DESIGN

CRITICAL HOGGING MOMENT

CRITICAL HOGGING MOMENT

ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3

CRITICAL SAGGING MOMENT

2. BEAM DESIGN

2.1. FLEXURE
The STAAD Pro does not have any limit of
any bars in any one layer as long as the
spacing requirements specified in the code
are satisfied.

The program can handle a maximum of four

layers of reinforcement, two layers each at
the top and bottom.
2. BEAM DESIGN

2.1. FLEXURE
The actual amount of steel required as well
as the maximum and minimum required for
flexure is shown as ROW, ROWMX AND
ROWMIN, respectively.

It is important to note that the beams are

designed for flexural MZ only. The moment
My is not considered in the design.
2. BEAM DESIGN

2.1. FLEXURE

MY
Top bars
(max of 2 layers)
MZ
h x

bottom bars
y
(max of 2 layers)
b
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION

COLUMN ELEMENT LINE

STEEL REINFORCEMENTS

BEAM ELEMENT LINE

SFACE
OR
EFACE
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION

When required, torsional reinforcement in the

form of closed stirrups or hoop reinforcement
must be provided.
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION

In addition to the stirrups, longitudinal steel

bars are provided in corners of the stirrups
and are well distributed around the section
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION
2. BEAM DESIGN
2.2. SHEAR & TORSION

In the ACI Code, the design for torsion is

based on space truss analogy.

After torsional cracking occurs, the torque is

resisted by closed stirrups, longitudinal bars,
and concrete compression diagonals.
2. BEAM DESIGN

2.3. DESIGN FOR ANCHORAGE

In STAAD output for flexural design, the
anchorage requirement is shown with a YES
or NO at the START and END of the beam.
The designer must provide the details of
anchorage.
2. BEAM DESIGN
Hook if anchor is YES at START and/or
END node

Exterior D
db –bar diameter
Column 4db or 2.5” min
face
4db
5db

6db

db –bar diameter
12db

Ldh- development length

10mm to 20mm (D=6db)
Critical section 28mm, 32mm, 36mm (D=8db)
(eg. Interior column face) 43mm, 57mm (D=10db)
 2.4. STAAD PRO INPUT PARAMETERS

Parameter Default Value Description

FYMAIN * 60,000 psi (414 MPa) Yield Stress for main reinforcing
steel
FYSEC * 60,000 psi (414 MPa) Yield Stress for Secondary Steel

FC * 4,000 psi (28 MPa) Compressive Strength of

Concrete
CLT *1.5 inch (37.5 mm) Clear cover for top
reinforcement
CLB *1.5 inch (37.5 mm) Clear cover for bottom
reinforcement
CLS *1.5 inch (37.5 mm) Clear cover for side
reinforcement
MINMAIN** #4 (12mm) Min main reinforcement bar size

MINSEC ** #4 (12mm) Min secondary reinforcement

bar size
MAXMAIN ** #18 (57 mm) Max main reinforcement bar size
 2.4. STAAD PRO INPUT PARAMETERS

NSECTION*** 12 Number of equally-spaced sections to be considered

in finding critical moments for beam design.

TRACK 0.0 BEAM DESIGN:

With TRACK set to 0.0, critical moments will not be
printed out with beam design report.
A value of 1.0 will mean a print out.
A value of 2.0 will print out required steel areas for al
intermediate sections specified by NSECTION.

COLUMN DESIGN:
TRACK 0.0 prints out detailed design results.
TRACK 1.0 prints out column interaction analysis
results in addition to TRACK 0.0 output.
TRACK 2.0 prints out schematic interaction diagram
and intermediate interaction values in addition to all
of the above.
RHOMN 0.01 Minimum reinforcement required in a concrete
(1%) column. ACI code allows 1% to 8%.
EXAMPLE
DESIGN BRIEF FOR BEAMS

UNIT KN METER
START CONCRETE DESIGN
CODE ACI 2002
FYMAIN 414 ALL
MAXMAIN 20 ALL
CLB 40MM
DESIGN BEAM 17 10
END CONCRETE DESIGN
EXAMPLE : DESIGN BRIEF FOR BEAMS

 In STAAD Pro V8i (SELECT Series 1), three

versions of the ACI Code are implemented:
1999, 2002, and 2005
 To access any of the code editions, specify
the commands
START CONCRETE DESIGN
CODE ACI 1999 (for 1999)
or CODE ACI 2002 (for 2002)
or CODE ACI (for 2005)
2.5. SAMPLE STAAD BEAM DESIGN OUTPUT

BEAM NO. 97 DESIGN RESULTS - FLEXURE PER CODE ACI 318-05

LEN - 5000. MM FY - 275. FC - 21. MPA, SIZE - 300. X 400. MMS
LEVEL HEIGHT BAR INFO FROM TO ANCHOR
(MM) (MM) (MM) STA END
_________________________________________________________
1 54. 5 - 12MM 802. 3989. NO NO
2 342. 4 - 20MM 0. 1484. YES NO
3 342. 4 - 20MM 3308. 5000. NO YES
__________________________________________________________

Override these values

if longitudinal Check the output if ACI318-05
reinforcement for to comply with NSCP 2010
torsion is required.
2.5. OUTPUT OF BEAM DESIGN
This is not final.
(SHEAR and TORSION) To be checked
against seismic
provisions
B E A M N O. 97 D E S I G N R E S U L T S - SHEAR
AT START SUPPORT - Vu= 68.16 KNS Vc= 81.19 KNS Vs= 9.70
KNS
Tu= 0.34 KN-MET Tc= 2.9 KN-MET Ts= 0.0 KN-MET LOAD 4
NO STIRRUPS ARE REQUIRED FOR TORSION.
REINFORCEMENT IS REQUIRED FOR SHEAR.
PROVIDE 10 MM 2-LEGGED STIRRUPS AT 178. MM C/C FOR 2158. MM
ADDITIONAL LONGITUDINAL STEEL REQD. FOR TORSIONAL
RESISTANCE = 0.00 SQ.CM.

AT END SUPPORT - Vu= 70.66 KNS Vc= 81.19 KNS Vs= 13.03 KNS
Tu= 0.34 KN-MET Tc= 2.9 KN-MET Ts= 0.0 KN-MET LOAD 4
NO STIRRUPS ARE REQUIRED FOR TORSION.
REINFORCEMENT IS REQUIRED FOR SHEAR.
PROVIDE 10 MM 2-LEGGED STIRRUPS AT 178. MM C/C FOR 2158. MM
ADDITIONAL LONGITUDINAL STEEL REQD. FOR TORSIONAL
RESISTANCE = 0.00 SQ.CM.
2.6. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BEAMS

Since the Philippines is located in a high

seismic risk region, adopting the SMRF
(Special Moment Resisting Frame) is a
must.

Therefore, a special detailing for seismic

requirement shall is required. Unfortunately,
STAAD Pro at the moment does not have
the facility for seismic detailing.
2.6. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BEAMS

At this point the design output of STAAD

Pro is compliant to ACI Code 318-08 or the
NSCP 2010, EXCEPT FOR THE SEISMIC
DETAILING requirements.
2.6. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR BEAMS

Flexural Members shall satisfy the following:

(ACI 318-08 Section 21.3.1 or NSCP 421.5.1)
1. Clear span shall not be less than four (4)
times the effective depth.
2. The width-to-depth ratio , b/d, shall not be
less 0.3.
3. The width shall not be less than 250mm
4. The width, bs, of the supporting member plus
distances on each side of the supporting
member not exceeding ¾ of the depth of the
flexural member.
Longitudinal reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.2 / NSCP 421.5.1)
1. Longitudinal reinforcement for both top
and bottom steel (A) should be in the
range defined as follows:

3 fc' bd
fy
A 0  025 bd
200 bd
fy
Longitudinal reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.2 / NSCP 421.5.1)
2. The positive moment strength at joint face
should be greater or equal ½ the negative
moment strength at the face of the joint

ϕMnL- ϕMnR-

ϕMnL+ ≥ 1/2 (ϕMnL- ) ϕMnR+ ≥ 1/2 (ϕMnR- )

Longitudinal reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.2 / NSCP 421.5.1)
3. Neither the negative nor the positive moment
strength in any section along the member
should be less than ¼ the maximum strength
provided at the face of either joint.

ϕMnL- max

ϕMany section ≥ 1/4 (ϕMnL- max )

Longitudinal reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.2 / NSCP 421.5.1)

4. Lap splices of flexural reinforcement are

permitted only if hoop reinforcement is
provided over the lap length.

Maximum spacing of transverse

reinforcement enclosing the lapped bars
shall not exceed 100mm.
Longitudinal reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.2 / NSCP 421.5.1)

Lap splices shall not be used:

a. Within the joint.
b. With a distance of twice the member depth
from the face of the joint; and
c. At locations where analysis indicates flexural
yielding (ie. Location of plastic hinges)
Transverse reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.3 / NSCP 421.5.3)

For SMRF, plastic hinges will form at the

ends of flexural members. Those locations
should be specially detailed to ensure
sufficient ductility.

1. Yield may occur

2h 2h 2h 2h
Transverse reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.3 / NSCP 421.5.3)

2. Spacing of hoops should not exceed the

following:
a. d/4
b. 8 x diameter of the smallest
longitudinal bars.
c. 24 x diameter of hoop bars.
c. 300 mm
First hoop shall be located not more than
50mm from face of support.
Transverse reinforcement requirements
(ACI code Section 21.3.3 / NSCP 421.5.3)

3. Where hoops are not required, stirrups with

seismic hooks shall be spaced at a distance
not more than d/2 throughout the length
of the member.
SPECIAL DETAILING ON TRANSVERSE REINF.

Hoop spacing is smallest of:

d/4 ; 8db ; 24 hoop db ;
300mm ; STAAD Pro output

hoops hoops hoops

Spacing of stirrups ≤ d/2

50mm max 50mm max

50mm max

2h 2h 2h
Sample of design output from STAAD Pro
56J 5000 X 300 X 400 58J

4No20 H 342. | 0 TO 1484 4No20 H 342. | 3308 TO 5000

14*10c/c 178 14*10c/c178
5No12 H 54. | 802 TO 3989

Physical representation
1484 1692

342
4-20mm 4-20mm
400
14 hoops @10mm@ 178 o.c. 5-12mm 14 hoops of 10mm@ 178 o.c.

54

802 1102

5000
 Beam Detail With Seismic Provision
From STAAD

50mm max 50mm max

800mm 2900 800mm

S=80mm S=178mm S=80mm

4-20mm 2-20 mm 4-20mm

400
2-12mm 5-12mm 2-12mm

10mm hoops / stirrups

b b
5000

Hoop spacing is smallest of : d/4 ; 8db ; 24 hoop db ;

300mm and STAAD Pro
 Beam Detail With Seismic Provision
From STAAD

50mm max 50mm max

800mm 2900 800mm

S=90mm S=178mm S=90mm

4-20mm 2-20 mm 4-20mm

400
2-12mm
2-20mm 5-12mm
2-20mm 2-12mm
2-20mm

10mm hoops / stirrups

b b
5000

Bottom bars of 5-12mm < 2-20mm

Hoop spacing is smallest of : d/4 ; 8db ; 24 hoop db ;

300mm and STAAD Pro
3. COLUMN DESIGN

Column design in STAAD per the ACI

code is performed for axial force, uniaxial
and biaxial moments.

The loading which produces the largest

amount of reinforcement is called the
critical load.
3. COLUMN DESIGN

Column design is done for square,

rectangular and circular sections.

For rectangular and circular sections,

reinforcement is always assumed to be
equally distributed on all faces. This
means that the total number of bars will
always be a multiple of four (4).
Column design inside the STAAD program

1. The Bresler Load Contour method is adopted

by STAAD Pro for columns under axial force,
uniaxial and biaxial moments.

2. The program will iterate a steel ratio from 1%

to a maximum of 8% for a given column
dimension.

3. When the adequate steel ratio is arrived at,

the iteration terminates and adopts the steel
ratio and then a steel area is computed.
Column design inside the STAAD program

4. Otherwise, if the section is inadequate,

the report prompts that the size needs to
be increased.

5. Seismic provision is absent in STAAD

Pro. Thus the output must be checked and
adjusted accordingly.
3.1. COLUMN INTERACTION DIAGRAM

Nominal Pn, Mn curve

Axial capacity (kN)

Factored Pu, Mu
(ACI Capacity)
SAFE ZONE
for(Pu, Mu) pair

Moment Capacity (kN-m)

3.2. STAAD DESIGN BRIEF FOR COLUMNS

UNIT KN METER
START CONCRETE
DESIGN
CODE ACI
FYMAIN 414
MAXMAIN 25 ALL
DESIGN COLUMN 23 25
END CONCRETE DESIGN
3.2. STAAD DESIGN BRIEF FOR COLUMNS
The following output is generated without any TRACK
definition, thus using the default of TRACK 0.0
==========================================================
COLUMN NO. 1 DESIGN PER ACI 318-05 - AXIAL + BENDING
FY - 415.0 FC - 25.0 MPA, RECT SIZE - 300 X 450 MMS, TIED
AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED = 882.8 SQ. MM

BAR CONFIGURATION REINF PCT. LOAD LOCATION PHI

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 - 12 MM 1.097 4 END 0.650

(PROVIDE EQUAL NUMBER OF BARS ON EACH FACE)

TIE BAR NUMBER 12 SPACING 192.00 MM

3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN

1. Longitudinal Reinforcements
(NSCP 2010, 421.6.3.1)
• The reinforcement ratio g shall not be less
than 0.01 and shall not exceed 0.06.

• The STAAD allows up to a maximum of 8%.

Therefore, should the design be adequate
with a steel ratio more than 6%, the section
size shall be increased in order to satisfy a
steel ratio of less than or equal to 6%.
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
Flexural Strength (NSCP2010 421.6.1)
The flexural strength of the column should satisfy the
following:
∑Mnc ≥ (6/5) ∑Mnb
Where:

∑Mnc - the sum of nominal flexural strengths of

columns framing into the joint, evaluated at
the faces of the joint.
∑Mnb - the sum of nominal flexural strengths of the
beams framing into the joint, evaluated at the
faces of the joint.
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN

Mnctop

Mnbleft Mnbright

Mncbot

(Mnctop + Mncbot) ≥ (6/5) (Mnbtop + Mnbbot)

sum of column moment capacity must be 20%

higher than the sum of the beam moment capacity
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
2. Limiting size of columns
(NSCP2010 421.6.1)
• The shortest cross-sectional dimension,
measured on a straight line passing
through the geometric centroid, shall not
be less than 300mm. (Sec 421.6.1.1)

300mm 300mm

300mm
450mm
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
2. Limiting size of columns
(NSCP2010 421.6.1)
• The ratio of the shortest cross-sectional
dimension to the perpendicular
dimension shall not be less than 0.4. (Sec
421.5.1.2)

hx > 0.4bx

bx
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
3. Transverse reinforcement spacing
(NSCP2010, 421.6.4.3)
1. ¼ of the minimum member dimension.
2. Six times the diameter of the longitudinal bar,
and
3. as defined by the given equation.
So = 100 + (350-hx)
3
where 100mm < So < 150mm
hx = spacing of additional cross ties or
overlapping hoops, which need not
exceed 350mm on centers.
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
3. Transverse reinforcement spacing
(NSCP2010, 421.6.4.3)

b/4
hx s≤
100+ (350- hx)
b
hx 3

where
100mm < s <150mm
hx hx hx
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
3. Transverse reinforcement spacing
(NSCP2010, 421.6.4.3)
The transverse reinforcements shall be provided over
a length, lo, from each joint face . The length, lo,
shall not be less than the largest of:
1. The depth of the member at the joint face or
where the flexural yielding is likely to occur.
2. One-sixth of the clear span of the member
3. 450 mm.
3.4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMN
3. Transverse reinforcement spacing
(NSCP2010, 421.6.4.3)
Where transverse reinforcements are not required
throughout the full length of the column, the hoops of
the remainder of the column length shall be spaced at
the smaller of :

a) 6 times the diameter of the longitudinal bars.

b) 150mm
COLUMNS WITH SEISMIC DETAILING
h

hx
b
hx
Larger of b or h S
1/6 lu
450mm hx hx hx
b/4
s≤
Clear height, lu 6 Ldb
100+ (350- hx) where 100<S<150
150 mm.
3

Note: without seismic provisions,

Larger of b or h S
1/6 lu
the hoops spacing are:
450mm a) 16Ldb
b) 48 hdb
c) minimum column
thickness
Not applicable to SMRF
OUTPUT FOR COLUMN DESIGN
coincides with NSCP2010
COLUMN NO. 333 DESIGN PER ACI 318-05 - AXIAL + BENDING
FY - 413.7 FC - 27.6 MPA, SQRE SIZE - 500.0 X 500.0 MMS, TIED
AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED = 9850.0 SQ. MM

BAR CONFIGURATION REINF PCT. LOAD LOCATION PHI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 - 40 MM 4.021 9 STA 0.70

(PROVIDE EQUAL NUMBER OF BARS ON EACH FACE)

TIE BAR NUMBER 12 SPACING 320.00 MM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
not adequate for seismic requirements:
S=¼ (500)=125mm
S=6(40)=240mm
reinf. pct is with 1% to 6%, ok.
S=4+(14-8.5)/3=5.8”=145mm
Adopt S=125mm at lo=450mm from joint
Adopt S=150mm at remainder.
COLUMN DETAIL WITH SEISMIC PROVISION

650 BEAM / GIRDER

SECTION
450 125
424

3500 150 500 8-40mm 424

12mm hoops
2850

500
125
450

BEAM / GIRDER
 SAMPLE EXERCISE
50mm max

Mnctop 800mm
S=80mm
300
Mnpos
4-20mm
400
2-20mm
Mnneg Beam moment capacities:
STAAD Hoops without Mnneg = 116 kN-m
seismic detailing: Mnpos = 58 kN-m
Mncbot
16Lb = 16 (20) = 120
48Tb = 48 (10) = 480 (6/5) x (Mn++Mn-)= 208.8 kN-m
Dcol = 300 300
Column moment capacities:
Mnctop=Mncbot = 63 kN-m
300
Mnctop + Mncbot = 126 kN-m
8-20mm
Column is inadequate for strong column - weak beam requirements.
Therefore, increase capacity of column
INCREASE COLUMN FLEXURE CAPACITY

COLUMN STRENGTH REQUIREMENT

(6/5) x (Mn++Mn-)= 208.8 kN-m

300MM X 300MM WITH 8-20MM BARS :

Mnctop +Mncbot = 126 kN-m, not ok

300MM X 300MM WITH 12-20MM BARS :

Mnctop +Mncbot = 162 kN-m, not ok

375MM X 375MM WITH 12-20MM BARS :

Mnctop +Mncbot = 219 kN-m >208.8 , thus ok
COLUMN DETAIL

Larger of
sr
b or h
1/6 lu
450mm

6 Ldb
Clear height, lu smax =
150 mm.

Larger of sr
b or h
1/6 lu
450mm
COLUMN DETAIL

STIRRUPS SPACING from the joints

at length lo = greater of
a) b or h = 375mm
Larger of b) 450mm
sr
b or h c) 1/6 of lu =1/6 (2850)=475mm
1/6 lu
450mm so that, lo = 475mm

6 Ldb
Clear height, smax =
150 mm.
lu = 2850mm

Larger of sr
b or h
1/6 lu
450mm
COLUMN DETAIL

STIRRUPS SPACING from the joints

at length lo = greater of
a) b or h = 375mm
b) 450mm
sr
lo = 475mm c) 1/6 of lu =1/6 (2850)=475mm
so that, lo = 450mm

6 Ldb
lu = 2850mm smax =
150 mm.

sr
lo = 475mm
COLUMN DETAIL

sr
lo = 475mm
STIRRUPS SPACING from the joints

1) s= b/4 = 375/4 = 94mm

lu = 2850mm
2) s = 100+(350-104)/3 = 182,
100<s<150
3) s= 150mm
sr sr= 94mm
lo = 475mm
COLUMN DETAIL

sr =94mm
lo = 475mm
STIRRUPS SPACING from the joints

smax = 6 Ldb1) s= b/4 = 375/4 = 94mm

lu = 2850mm 150 mm.
2) s = 100+(350-104)/3 = 182 ,
100<s<150
3) s= 150mm
sr= 94mm sr= 94mm
lo = 475mm
COLUMN DETAIL

sr =94mm
lo = 475mm
MAX STIRRUPS SPACING
a) 6 Ldb = 6(20) = 120 mm
lu = 2850mm smax = 6 Ldb b) 150mm
150 mm.
smax = 120mm

sr= 94mm
lo = 475mm
COLUMN DETAIL

sr =94mm
lo = 475mm
MAX STIRRUPS SPACING
a) 6 Ldb = 6(20) = 120 mm
lu = 2850mm
b) 150mm
smax = 120mm
smax = 120mm

sr= 94mm
lo = 475mm
REQUIRED STIRRUP SIZE

Where:
S – spacing of stirrups
hc – column core dimension measured from
center-to-center of confinng stirrups
Ag – gross area of section
Ach – area of column core
fc` - compressive strength of concrete
fyt – yield strength of stirrups
Ash – total area of number of legs in one
direction
REQUIRED STIRRUP SIZE

s = 94mm fc` = 21 Mpa fyt = 275 Mpa

hc = 375 – 2 (32) = 311mm

Ag = (375)(375) = 140,625 sq.mm.
Ach = (311)(311) = 96,721 sq.mm.

Using 10mm stirrups with 4 legs in one direction:

At = 4(78.54) = 314.16 sq.mm.
Ok since greater than 304.004 sq.mm
REQUIRED STIRRUP SIZE

s = 120mm fc` = 21 Mpa fyt = 275 Mpa

hc = 375 – 2 (32) = 311mm

Ag = (375)(375) = 140,625 sq.mm.
Ach = (311)(311) = 96,721 sq.mm.

Ash1 = 388.09 sq.mm.

Ash2 = 256.5 sq.mm.

Using 12mm stirrups with 4 legs in one direction:

At = 4(113) = 452 sq.mm.
Ok since greater than 388.09 sq.mm
Use 3 sets of 12mm hoops for whole length of column
for practical installation
JOINT DETAIL
50mm max

800mm
rest @ 178mm
S=80mm
Lo = 450 300

4-20mm
400
2-20mm

Lo = 450 sr= 94mm of 12mm hoops

smax= 120mm of 12mm hoops

375 12-20mm

3 sets of 10mm and 12mm hoops

375
DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Check design seismic design requirements.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

2. STAAD Pro output does not, as of yet, have

provisions for seismic detailing requirement.

Therefore, the output should not be used as

the final detail without modification when
designing for SMRF.
DESIGN GUIDELINES

3. The seismic detailing should start first on

the beam: supports and midspan
requirements must be satisfied before
going to the columns.
DESIGN GUIDELINES

4. Satisfy strong column –weak beam

requirement.
DESIGN GUIDELINES

5. Finally, once the seismic requirements are

satisfied, then and only then the detailed
drawings are carried out.
LET’S GO TO
STAAD PRO