PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of 60 – minute Math class, the Grade 6 should be able to:
a. Identify and apply the properties of equality
b. Answer exercises with 85% proficiency
c. Participate activity during class discussion

II. SUBJECT MATTER

TOPIC : Properties of Equality
REFERENCES : Grade 6 Math Learning Guide
Elementary Algebra
MATERIALS : Cartolina, chalk and chalkboard
VALUE FOCUS : Accuracy

III. PROCEDURE

(TEACHERS`S ACTIVITY) (STUDENT`S ACTIVITY)

A. ACTIVITY
1. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
a. Prayer
To start our class, let us all stand for a
prayer lead by your classmate
b. Greetings
Good morning, class. Good morning, ma`am.
c. Checking of Attendance
Monitor, please check the attendance

2. REVIEW
Let us review first what we have
discussed yesterday.
Yesterday, we have discussed about? Changing Verbal Phrase into Mathematics
Equations and vice Versa.
Very Good!

3. MOTIVATION
Have you already seen a weighing
balance scale? Yes, ma`am.
What is the function of weighing
balance scale? To determine the lightness or the heaviness of
an object.
Very Good!
Imagine that you will put a stone both
side of the weighing balance scale. Do
you think they were both side? Yes, Ma`am
 To make it balance, whatever you add in
the left side must the same you are going
to add to the right side to maintain
balance.
Do you understand? Yes, ma`am.

4. STATEMENT OF THE AIM

This morning our topic is about property
of equality. Please listen very well
because at the end of 60 – minute Math
class, you should be able to: (a) identify
and apply the properties of equality, (b)
answer exercises with 85% proficiency;
and (c) participate actively during class
discussion.
Are you with our discussion? Yes, ma`am.

B. ANALYSIS
1. The first property of equality is Reflexive
Property of Equality.
By the way class, if you look in the mirror,
what did you see? Ourselves, ma`am.
Reflexive Property of Equality is like you
are seeing yourself in the mirror because
you have seen in the mirror is the
reflection of the real object/s
Do you understand? Yes, ma`am.
For example; 3 = 3
-b = -b
x+1 = x+1
Please observe the given examples.
what can you say to the numbers and
variables in both sides of equation? They are the same.
Very Good!
The second property of equality is
Symmetric Property of Equality.
Please observe the given example.
Example:
(1) If 2+3=5, then 5=2+3
(2) If x-5=2, then 2=x-5
What have you observed about the set of
numbers in the first equation/equality, do
they have the same numbers?/ Yes, ma`am.
How about the arrangement of the
numbers?
Are they the same? No, ma`am.
What can you say about the arrangement? 0Interchange, ma`am.
Very Good!
In symmetric property, a=b then b=a.
The next or the third property of equality is
Transitive Property of Equality.
Example:
(1) If 2+3=5 and 5=1+4
(2) If x-1=y=3, then x-1=3
Please observe our given example/s
How many equalities given? 3
In transitive property of equality, a=b, b=c
then a=c
For example:
(1) If 2+3=5 and 5=1+4, then 2+3=1+4
if a=2+3
b=5
c=1+4
then
a=b , 2+3=5
b=c , 5=1+4
a=c , 2+3=1+4
Can you follow, class? Yes, ma`am
The fourth property of equality is
Substitution Property of Equality.
Example:
(1) If x+y=5 and x=3, then 3+y=5.
(2) If 6-b=2 and b=4, then 6-4=2
Please observe the given example/s
For example 1, what is the value of x? 3
Instead of x, we replaced it by a number 3
x+y=5 then 3+y=5
Do you understand now, class? Yes, ma`am
Let’s proceed to the fifth property of
equality which is very common and that is
Addition Property of Equality.
Please observe our given example/s
Example:
(1) If 10+3=13, then 10+3+2=13+2
(2) If 12x=48, then 12x+4=48+4
Look in the example 1, if we are going to
add 2 in 10+3, we will also add 2 in 13.
Then 10+3+12=13+2
What number did we add in both sides of
Equality? 3
Did we add the same number in both sides? Yes ma`am.
Meaning to say, whatever number you add
to the left side of the equation to preserve
it`s equality.
Can you follow, class? Yes, ma`am.
 The last property of equality is
Multiplication Property of Equality.
Please observe our given example/s
Example:
(1) If 3x5=15, then (3x5)2=(15)(2)
(2) If (3)(4)=12, then {(3)(4)}(2)=(12)(2)
Like in addition, we are multiplying the same
number in both sides of equality.
Do you understand? Yes, ma`am.

C. ABSTRACTION
Again, what are the properties of equality? Reflexive, Symmetric
Transitive, Substitution
Addition and Multiplication
Property of Equality
Based in the given examples of different
properties of equality, how can you define:
Reflexive Property of Equality (students answer vary)
Symmetric Property of Equality (students answer vary)
Transitive Property of Equality (students answer vary)
Substitution Property of Equality (students answer vary)
Addition Property of Equality (APE) (students answer vary)
Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE) (students answer vary)

I have here definition of the different

properties of equality.
Please copy.
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
(1) REFLEXIVE PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
that for each real numbers a, a=a.
(2) SYMMETRIC PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
states that for any real numbers a and b,
if a=b then b=a.
(3) TRANSITIVE PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
states that for any real numbers a, b and
c, if a=b and b=c, then a=c
(4) SUBSTITUTION PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
states that for any real numbers a and b:
if a=b, then a may be replaced by b, or b
may be replaced by a, in any
mathematical sentence without changing
its meaning.
(5) ADDTION PROPERTY OF EQUALITY (APE)
states that for all real numbers a,b and c,
if and only if a+c=b+c.
(6) MULTIPLICATION PROPERTY OF EQUALITY
(MPE)
 states that for all real numbers a,b and c,
a=b if and only if ac=bc.
Do you have questions? Point to clarify? No, ma`am.

D. APPLICATION
We will have a game. I know you love games.
Are you familiar with cabbage relay? Yes, ma`am.
Are you ready? Yes, ma`am.

Before we proceed to our game, may I

remind you that be accurate in your answer
to the questions.
Accuracy is needed!
Good luck!

IV. EVALUATION
(1 whole sheet of paper)
A. Tell what property of equality is illustrated in each statement.
1. 4=4
2. If 10=1+9, then 1+9=10
3. If 6+2=8 and 8=5+3, then 6+2=5+3
4. If (2)(3)=6, then (2)(3)(4)=(6)(4)
5. If a+1=7 and a=6, then 6+1=7
6. -6=-6
7. If 8+5=18, then 8+5+(-2)=13+(-2)
8. If a+b=c and c=d+c, then a+b=d+c
9. If 1+5=6, then 6=1+5
10. If 8x5=40, then (8x5)(4)=(40)(4)
B. Give the correct expression to make a true statement.
1. If 2+6=8, then (2+6)+3=_____________ (Addition Property of Equality)
2. If 7x2=14, then ______=(14)(3) (Multiplication Property of Equality)
3. If 3+a=8 and a=5, then______=8 (Substitution Property of Equality)
4. If 6+1=7 and 7=3+4, then 6+1=_______ (Transitive Property of Equality)
5. If 7+5=12, then________=12+(-3) (Addition Property of Equality)

V. ASSIGNMENT
A. Identify the property shows in each sentence.
1. If 3x4=12 and 12=2x6, then 3x4=2x6
2. 12=12
3. If a+2=8, then a+2+(-2)=8+(-2)
4. If 1+5=6, then 6=1+5
4 1
5. If 3x=10, then 3(3x)=3(10)
B. Fill – in – the blank with correct expression indicated by the property of equality to be used.
1. If 2+5=7, then 7=________ (SPE)
2. (80+4)X2=84_______ (MPE)
3. 11+8=19 and 19=10+9, then 11+8=_____ (TPE)
4. 3+10+(-19)=13+_____ (APE)
5. 3=______ (RPE)