Charactiristics of Romanticism

focus on the writer or narrator’s emotions and inner world; celebration of nature, beauty,
and imagination; rejection of industrialization, organized religion, rationalism, and social
convention; idealization of women, children, and rural life; inclusion of supernatural or
mythological elements; interest in the past; frequent use of personification; experimental
use of language and verse forms, including blank verse; and emphasis on individual
experience of the "sublime."

History of Romaticisms
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical
and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th
century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to
1850. Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion
and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the
medieval rather than the classical. It was partly a reaction to the Industrial
Revolution,[1] the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of
Enlightenment, and the scientific rationalization of nature—all components
of modernity.[2] It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and
literature, but had a major impact on historiography,[3] education,[4] the social
sciences, and the natural sciences.[5][failed verification] It had a significant and complex
effect on politics, with romantic thinkers
influencing liberalism, radicalism, conservatism and nationalism.[6]

Characteristics of Realism

Realism, in the arts, the accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature or

of contemporary life. Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favour of a close
observation of outward appearances. As such, realism in its broad sense has
comprised many artistic currents in different civilizations.

History of Realism
The Realist movement began in the mid-19th century as a reaction to
Romanticism and History painting. In favor of depictions of 'real' life, the Realist
painters used common laborers, and ordinary people in ordinary surroundings
engaged in real activities as subjects for their works
Eisenwalzwerk, Iron Rolling Mill (1875) – Adolph Menze

The Gross Clinic (1875) – Thomas Eakins

Rue Transnonain, 15 April 1834 – Honore Daumier

The Gulf Stream (1899) – Winslow Homer

Barge Haulers on the Volga (1873) – Ilya Repin

The Gleaners (1857) – Jean-Francois Millet

Christina’s World (1948) – Andrew Wyeth

The Horse Fair (1855) – Rosa Bonheur

A Burial at Ornans (1850) – Gustave Courbet

Nighthawks (1942) – Edward Hopper