What is physical Fitness?

Physical fitness is defined as the state of general wellbeing, physically sound and healthy, along with mental stability.
“Physical fitness is not only one of the most important keys to a healthy body, it is the basis of dynamic and creative
intellectual activity.” – John F. Kennedy

Physical fitness is generally achieved through -

• Physical activity and exercise,
• Correct nutrition,
• Enough rest (good quality sleep),
• Stress management and relaxation.

Physical Fitness and Wellness

Wellness is an active process of becoming aware of and making choices towards a healthy and fulfilling life. It is a dynamic
process of change and growth

Eight Dimension of Wellness

1. Emotional - relates to understanding your feelings and coping effectively with stress
2. Environmental - inspires us to live a lifestyle that is respectful of our surroundings. This realm encourages us to live in
harmony with the Earth by taking action to protect it
3. Financial - involves the process of learning how to successfully manage financial expenses
4. Intellectual - involves having an open mind when you encounter new ideas and continuing to expand your knowledge.
5. Occupational - is about enjoying your occupational endeavors and appreciating your contributions.
6. Physical - relates to maintaining a healthy body and seeking care when needed.
7. Social - helps you perform social roles effectively and comfortably, and create a support network.
8. Spiritual - allows you to develop a set of values that help you seek meaning and purpose.

Physical Fitness Categories / Components

A. Health Related Fitness Components – Overall health and wellbeing. The goal of health- related fitness is prevention of
disease or rehabilitation from disease as well as the development of a high level of functional capacity for daily tasks.
B. Skill Related Fitness Components – Helps enhance athletic performance
C. Physiological Components of Fitness - includes non – performance components
D. Sports Related Fitness – Knowledge and performance on sports and optimizing athletic performance, recreational
activity, increasing ability to work, and avoidance of injury thru sports

Health Related Fitness Components

 Body Composition - the ratio of fat to muscle. Minimum of fat and maximum of lean mass is a sign of a healthy and fit
body.
 Cardiovascular Endurance - the component which helps to determine if the heart and lungs are working in
coordination. It shows the ability of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and to remove wastes.
 Flexibility - the component which checks the ability of the joints in the body to move to their full range of motion.
 Muscle Strength - the amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximal effort or the capability of the
muscles to lift weight.
 Muscular Endurance - the ability of the body to perform repeated exercises without getting tired.

Skill Related Fitness Components

 Agility - the ability of a person to rapidly change the position or directions of the entire body in space with speed and
accuracy.
 Balance - the ability of a person to control human body or to maintain equilibrium while stationary or moving (static
and dynamic conditions).
 Coordination - the ability of the person to use the senses, such as sight and hearing, together with body parts in
performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately.
 Power - The ability to exert muscle force quickly.
 Speed - The ability to move quickly across the ground or to execute motor movements quickly. It is equal to the
distance covered per unit of time.
 Reaction Time - Relates to the time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to it.

Physiological Fitness Components of Fitness

 Physiological Fitness - Non – performance components of physical fitness that relates to biological systems.
 Metabolic Fitness - Non – performance components of physical fitness that relates to metabolic systems.
 Morphological Fitness - Non - performance component of physical fitness related to body composition factors.
 Bone Integrity - non-performance component of fitness related to bone mineral density or bone strength.

Sports Related Components of Fitness

 Individual Sports – Knowledge and performance on individual sports
 Team Sports – Knowledge and performance on team sports