Experiment -3

Aim-Study of NATIONAL PLANNING and REGIONAL PLANNING.

THEORY
Planning
Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It
is the first and foremost activity to achieve desired results. It involves the creation and
maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require conceptual skills.

Regional planning
India began utilizing grid management on a regional basis in the 1961. Individual State grids
were interconnected to form 5 regional grids covering mainland India. The grids were the
Northern, Eastern, Western, North Eastern and Southern Grids. These regional links were
established to enable transmission of surplus electricity between States in each region. In
the 1990s, the Indian government began planning for a national grid. Regional grids were
initially interconnected by asynchronous HVDC back-to-back links facilitating limited
exchange of regulated power. The links were subsequently upgraded to high capacity
synchronous links.[6]
The first interconnection of regional grids was established in October 1991 when the North
Eastern and Eastern grids were interconnected. The Western Grid was interconnected with
the aforementioned grids in March 2003. The Northern grid was also interconnected in
August 2006, forming a Central Grid synchronously connected operating at one
frequency. The sole remaining regional grid, the Southern Grid, was synchronously
interconnected to the Central Grid on 31 December 2013 with the commissioning of the
765 kVRaichur-Solapur transmission line, thereby establishing the National Grid.SERC is the
main who regulateintra-state transmission and supply of electricity within the jurisdiction
ofeach state.

Regional planning looks at the unique needs of each, and considers conservation,
generation, transmission and distribution, and innovative resources to meet these needs.

There are a number of elements to regional planning:

 Coordination: Electricity planning happens at the local, regional and provincial level,
each with its own considerations. By looking at the things that will affect electricity
delivery and reliability at the local level, such as Community Energy Plans, as well as
province-wide projects like new bulk transmission lines, regional planning is an
essential link between how broader and more localized planning activities work
together.
  Engagement: In addition to working closely with local electricity distributors and the
local transmitter, regional planning includes a strong commitment to public
participation. The discussion on how to meet regional power needs in Ontario includes
the voices of Indigenous communities and municipalities, individuals and bus

 Integration: After identifying and measuring electricity needs and hearing from the
communities involved, planners weigh the best mix of available options. This can
include conservation and demand management, new or increased generation,
investment in transmission or distribution facilities, or innovative solutions.

Regional planning is a continual process with plans developed for a 20-year outlook, but
evaluated every five years at minimum.
It follows the bottom--to-top procedure,in the bottom-to-top procedure, local plans are
formulated at the base, either by the local population, by government officers working at
the local level, or by a joint effort of both. Such projects can be aggregated into village,
subregional, regional and sector plans, which, in their turn, can be combined to form the
national plan.

National planning
India's newest power-sector blueprint, the National Electricity Plan 2018 (NEP 2018),
reinforces the government's commitment to transforming the Indian electricity sector,
retaining a core target of 275 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy by 2027.

The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has revised the National Electricity Plan (NEP) after
getting feedback from more than 30 state-owned and private institutions, mostly
questioning the redundancy of coal. From retiring coal-based power completely, the CEA
has said India would need 6,440 Mw thermal power during 2017-22.

In the earlier version of the NEP, which was out in 2017, the CEA had said the country did
not need coal-based capacity addition till 2022.

However, the CEA said coal-based power projects of 47,855 Mw were likely to yield benefits
during the period 2017-22. They are currently under different stages of construction. This
translates into a likely capacity addition of 176,140 Mw in the next five years, according to
the plan.

The plan has made capacity addition assumption based on projected growth in power
demand of 6 per cent annually till 2022. Growth will, however, slow to 5.5 per cent till 2027.
The plan has discounted the effect of electric mobility on the electricity demand in the
coming years, indicating no significant change in government policy for promoting of electric
vehicles.
The total coal requirement in the year 2021-22 and 2026-27 has been estimated at 735
million tonnes (mt) and 877 mt, respectively, including imported coal of 50 mt.CERC is
responsible forregulating inter-state electricity transmission

Conclusion- planning at the regional level has an important integrative function in the total
process of planned development.Combining regional planning constitutes national planning.

Refrences

www.ieso.ca
powermin.nic.in
http://www1.frm.utn.edu.ar/laboratorio_hidraulica/Biblioteca_Virtual/Fraamework.