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9A Manufactured Substances in Industry - Answer
9A Manufactured Substances in Industry - Answer
9A Manufactured Substances in Industry - Answer
ANSWER
4 Sulphur dioxide
Lung disease
Acid rain
3 (a) Fertilisers
2NH3 + H2SO4 à (NH4)2SO4
(b) Nitric acid
(c) coagulation
4 (a) Colourless,
(b) soluble
(c) pungent,
(d) alkaline
1
Activity No. Answer
5 i) (a) (NH4)3PO4
(b) NH4NO3
(c ) (NH4)2SO4
(ii) (NH4)3PO4
3(14) / 3(14) + 12(1) + 31 + 4(16) x 100 = 28.19%
NH4NO3
2(14) / 14 + 4(1) + 14 + 3(16) x 100 = 35.00%
(NH4)2SO4
2(14) / 2(14) + 8(1) + 32 + 4(16) x 100 = 21.21%
3 Haber Process
N2 + 3H2 à 2NH3
Hidrogen, Nitrogen
450 – 550 oC
200 – 500 atm
Iron powder
Properties
Colourless
Pungent smell
Weak alkali
Very soluble in water
Uses
Manufacture of fertilizers
Manufacture of nitric acids
Test
Turn moist red litmus blue.
Form white fumes with HCl gas.
Reaction
React with acid to produce ammonium salt
React with metal ions to produce metal hydroxide
2
Activity No. Answer
4
5 hardness, strength
corrosion
appearance
2 Polymerisation
4 Polyethylene - ethene
Polypropylene - propene
Polyvinylchloride – chloroethene
Polystyrene – phenylethene
Perspex – methymethacrylate
Teflon – tetraflouroethene
6 1 Silica
3
Activity No. Answer
2 (b) Soda lime glass
(c) Borosilicate glass
(d) Lead crystal glass
3 Ceramic
4 Aluminosilicate
5 Kaolinite
6
(i) Very hard and strong but brittle
(ii) Inert towards chemicals
(iii) Very high melting point
(iv) Good electrical and heat insulators
(v) Resist compression
(h) Differences:
Glass is transparent but ceramic is opaque
Ceramic can withstand higher temperature than normal glass.
4
Activity No. Answer
4 a) Silver chloride
b) It turns dark when exposed to the sunlight but turns back to its
original colour when the surrounding is dark.
5 Composition Uses
9 1 a i) Stanum
iii)
b i) Vinylchloride
Ethene
5
Activity No. Answer
b Sulphur trioxide
c Dissolving sulphur trioxide directly into water produces a lot of heat/
The process is very exothermic.
3 a R= 2.33 mm ; S=3.17 mm