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Chapter 3

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the methods and techniques applied and used by the researcher

are discussed and also, in this chapter present the population and the sample of the

study. Furthermore, the instrument and data gathering procedure will be analyzed by

the researcher.

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES USED

This research is centered on the perception of Humanities and Social Sciences

students on Twitter as a tool in strengthening social awareness. In gathering the data,

the researchers used interview as the main tool. The interview will be conduct by asking

the respondents a question that is related to the topic.

The researchers made use of the qualitative method of research to collect the

data and to examine the respondent’s answers to the interview questions. Moreover,

the researchers decided to use the qualitative method of research so that the results
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that will be gathered will relate to the current status of the respondent’s way of thinking

and perceiving the current issues being studied by the researchers.

As mentioned by Tewksbury (2013), qualitative investigation is more informative,

richer, and offers an improved understanding on the topic that a researcher is trying to

examine. This just proves that the qualitative method of a research is the most

applicable method to use in the topic of this research so that the researchers would be

able to understand more the results and the opinions of the respondents regarding the

topic of this research. Moreover, the qualitative method would give the researchers a

wide range of data to analyze and understand.

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POPULATION AND SAMPLE OF THE STUDY

This study has five randomly selected respondents from grade 11 Humanities

and Social Science/HUMSS student of Manila Central University. To be specific, there

will be two respondents for grade 11 HUMSS 1 and three respondent to HUMSS 4. The

researchers used random sampling technique for the reason that random sample is a

way to have equal chance to be selected therefore making the study unbiased. This

means that this type of sampling can be very useful especially if you have to deal with a

large population and only need to choose the representatives of the population

randomly. With this, the researchers would gather an equal objective for the study from

the respondents. To support this, Singh (n.d.) claimed that it is the easiest and frequent

method of choosing respondents, wherein it is selected by a chance that gives equal

probability to the chosen unit.

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INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY

Interview

The researchers planned and decided an interview agenda as one of the data

collection instruments for this study. Selected students from grade 11 Humanities and

Social Science/HUMSS Student of Manila Central University were interviewed.

Interview questions were used to eliciting significant information about the perception of

Humanities and Social Sciences Student on Twitter as a tool in strengthening social

awareness.

Interviews can be defined as a qualitative research technique which involves

“conducting intensive individual interviews with a small number of respondents toa

certain group of individuals and to explore their perspectives on a particular idea,

program or situation (Dudovskiy, 2019)

These interview questions were formulated by the researchers in line with the

goal of the research and were checked by the research adviser and validated by other

English teachers or a Grammarian. The interview questions relating to the methodology

and factual for social awareness on how Humanities and Social Sciences students in
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Manila Central University are acquainted with the new/issue perceived problems of what

particular technology do they use.

Moreover, this interview has aimed to know how the respondents perceived

Twitter as a way to become aware of the social issues especially in the Philippines.

‘Qualitative’ methods are used to answer questions about experience, meaning and

perspective, most often from the standpoint of the participant. (K.Hammerberg, 2016)

Therefore, the interview helped the researchers to know the way the respondents

think about their answers based on the questions.

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DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

Before the researchers conducted interviews, the researchers have secured a

letter of consent to be given to each of the respondents which is checked by their

research adviser and validated by other English teachers or a Grammarian. Moreover,

the researchers then formulated the interview questions that will give them the answers

that will be connected to the aim of the research. There were five (5) respondents who

participated in this research. Two (2) respondents came from Grade 11 HUMSS 1 and

three (3) respondents came from HUMSS 4

According to Creswell (1998) a qualitative analysis does not require to have as

many respondents as a quantitative analysis. He also stated that having little or small

amount of respondents will help the researchers attain answers that are more

informative and has a wider range of perspective.

The researchers conducted the interview by having a one on one conversation

and interaction with the participant. In order to assure the participant on the

confidentiality of the interview, the researchers only recorded and listed down the

answers of the respondents anonymously. These were done in all five (5) respondents.
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After listing down the answers of the respondents, the researchers then analyzed

the answers. In order for the researchers to analyze the answers, they reduced the

data, chunked it, and then coded them each. Through this, the analyzation of the

answers would be much easier and in order.