PREDGOVOR HRVATSKOMU ČITATELJU ...............................................................

11

UVOD: PREDUVJETI I POSEBNOSTI ....................................................................... 13

Razdoblja - Periodizacije - Zasebne književnosti .......................................... 13
Posebne ruskestilske formacije ..................................................................... 14
Stilistika - Poetika - Metrika ........................................................................... 14
Tipični žanrovi ruske književnosti .................................................................. 15
Ruski junaci i ideologemi ................................................................................. 16
Ruska književnost s komparatističkoga gledišta ........................................... 16
Plejade - Dioskuri - Pojedinci .......................................................................... 17

I. STARORUSKA KNJIŽEVNOST .................................................................... 19

Istočno slavenstvo i pravoslavlje ..................................................................... 19
Zlatna Horda - Treći Rim................................................................................ 20
Žanrovi staroruske književnosti ..................................................................... 21
Propovijed i životopisi svetaca ........................................................................ 23
Staroruski ljetopisi ........... ............................................................................... 24
Slovo o Igoru ..................................................................................................... 26
Razvoj pripovjedne književnosti ..................................................................... 27
Književni život u doba Ivana Groznoga ......................................................... 29
Doba buna - Poljski utjecaj ............................................................................. 32
Raskol ................................................................................................................ 34
Juraj Križanić u Tobol’sku .................................................................. 36
Pravoslavni barok ............................................................................................ 37
Simeon Polockij i njegovi učenici ........................................................ 38
Moskovsko dvorsko kazalište .............................................................. 40

II. KNJIŽEVNOST U ZNAKU

EUROPEIZACIJE I PROSVJETITELJSTVA.............................................. 43
Reforme Petra Velikoga ................................................................................. 43
Jezik i književnost na prekretnici ........................................................ 45
Kultura i književnost u doba Petrovih nasljednica ....................................... 47
Knez Antioh Kantemir ........................................................................ 49
Vasilij Trediakovskij ............................................................................ 50
Jezična reforma Mihaila Lomonosova ........................................................... 51
Lomonosovljeve ode............................................................................ 53
6

Aleksandr Sumarokov .................................................................................... 54

Tragedija i komedija ............................................................................ 54
Denis Fonvizin ................................................................................................. 55
Basna i satira ................................................................................................... 56
Krug oko Heraskova ....................................................................................... 57
Ep.................................................................................................................... 58
Gavrila Deržavin ............................................................................................. 58
Sentimentalizam - Karamzinov “novi stil”.................................................... 61
Drama i pripovjedna proza ........................................................................... 61
Putopisni romani Radiščeva i Karamzina .......................................... 62
Karamzinove pripovijetke ................................................................... 65
Povratak staroruskoj književnosti ................................................................. 66

III. RUSKI ROMANTIZAM

PUŠKINOVO DOBA ...................................................................................... 67
Od Aleksandra I. do Nikolaja I ...................................................................... 67
Pobuna dekabrista ............................................................................... 68
Plemićka kultura .................................................................................. 70
Prijelazi ............................................................................................................ 70
Arhaisti i novatori ................................................................................ 71
Ivan Krylov ..................................................................................................... 72
Vasilij Žukovskij ............................................................................................. 73
Balade i rasprava oko balade .............................................................. 74
Konstantin Batjuškov ..................................................................................... 75
Licej u Carskome Selu .................................................................................. 76
Aleksandr Puškin ............................................................................................ 77
Prve peterburške godine ...................................................................... 78
Godine progonstva ............................................................................... 78
Boldino, jesen 1830 ............................................................................... 80
Posljednje godine .................................................................................. 84
Romantičarska plejada ................................................................................... 86
Aleksandr Griboedov ...................................................................................... 89
Mihail Lermontov ........................................................................................... 90
Nikolaj Gogol’ ................................................................................................. 93
Revizor ................................................................................................. 95ё
Peterburške pripovijesti ...................................................................... 95
Mrtve duše .............................................................................................. 96

IV. RUSKI REALIZAM I.

GOGOLJEVO DOBA I PUŠKINOV SMJER ............................................................. 99
Epoha reforma Aleksandra II ........................................................................ 99
Zapadnjaci i slavenofili ...................................................................... 100
Aleksandr Gercen i Nikolaj Ogarёv ................................................. 102
 SADRŽAJ ________________ ________ . ______________ 7

Realizam kao stilska formacija.................................................................... 103

Književna kritika ................................................................................ 105
Naturalna škola ................................................................................... 107
Puškinov smjer ............................................................................................... 108
Lirika i drama estetskoga smjera .................................................................. 109
Lirika i drama realističkoga smjera.............................................................. 112

V. RUSKI REALIZAM II.

REALISTIČKA PLEJADA..................................................................................... 117
Ivan Gončarov ................................................................................................ 117
Ivan Turgenev ................................................................................................. 120
Romani ................................................................................................. 122
Novele ................................................................................................... 123
Aleksej Pisemskij ............................................................................................ 124
Mihail Saltykov-Ščedrin................................................................................. 126
Nikolaj Leskov ............................................................................................... 128
Romani ................................................................................................. 128
Leskovljeve “ruske novele” ................................................................ 129
Fedor Dostoevskij ........................................................................................... 132
Prva stvaralačka faza 1846.-1849 ...................................................... 133
Druga stvaralačka faza 1859.-1867 .................................................... 134
Zločin i kazna ........................................................................................ 135
Treća stvaralačka faza 1867.-1881 ..................................................... 137
Idiot ..................................................................................................... 137
Demoni .................................................................................................. 138
Mladić ................................................................................................... 140
Braća Karamazovi ................................................................................ 140
Lev Tolstoj .................................................................................................... 142
Prva stvaralačka faza 1852.-1859 ...................................................... 142
Druga stvaralačka faza 1859.-1878 .................................................... 144
Rat i mir ................................................................................................ 144
Anna Karenina ...................................................................................... 145
Treća stvaralačka faza 1879.-1910 ..................................................... 146
Uskrsnuće.............................................................................................. 147
Hadži-Murat.......................................................................................... 149

VI. RUSKA MODERNA I.

NATURALIZAM I SIMBOLIZAM ............................................................. 151
Od Aleksandra III. do Nikolaja II................................................................. 151
Dezintegracija realizma ................................................................................. 152
Književnost narodnjaka ................................................................................. 153
Vladimir Korolenko ............................................................................ 154
Naturalizam .................................................................................................. 155
Anton Čehov .......................................................... 156
Čehovljeve drame ...................................... 157
Maksim Gor’kij ..................................................... 159
Krug oko Znanja ................................................... 160
Simbolizam ............................................................ 163
Prva generacija .......................................... 165
Druga generacija........................................ 167
Andrej Belyj .......................................................... 167
Aleksandr Blok ...................................................... 169

RUSKA MODERNA II.

AKMEIZAM I FUTURIZAM ........................................ 171
Svađa među simbolistima ..................................... 171
Pjesnički ceh .......................................................... 172
Nikolaj Gumilёv ......................................... 172
Anna Ahmatova ......................................... 173
Osip Mandel’štam...................................... 174
Kubofuturizam i egofuturizam ............................ 174
Velimir Hlebnikov ..................................... 175
Vladimir Majakovskij ............................... 176
Igor’ Severjanin ........................................ 178
Boris Pasternak .......................................... 179
EMIGRANTSKA KNJIŽEVNOST ................................. 181
Podjela ruske književnosti .................................... 181
Građanski rat i egzodus ........................................ 182
"Ruski Berlin” ....................................................... 183
Vladimir Nabokov (Sirin) ........................ 185
Baltičke i slavenske zemlje ................................... 185
"Ruski Pariz” ........................................................ 188
"Pariška nota” ........................................... 188
Marina Cvetaeva ....................................... 189
Ivan Bunin i njegov krug .......................... 189
Italija, Velika Britanija ......................................... 191

RUSKA SOVJETSKA KNJIŽEVNOST I.

REVOLUCIONARNA AVANGARDA . . . . 1 9 3
Kulturno polariziranje.......................................... 193
Proletkult - RAPP ................................................. 194
Sergej Esenin i imažinizam .................................. 195
LEF - lijeva umjetnička fronta ............................ 199
Životna izgradnja i faktografija ............... 200
Sergej Tret’jakov ....................................... 200
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Konstruktivisti .............................................................. 201

Serapionova braća........................................................ 201
Mihail Zoščenko ................................................. 202
Lev Lune i Veniamin Kaverin ............................ 203
Pereval........................................................................... 203
Omamentalno pripovijedanje ..................................... 204
Boris Pil’njak ...................................................... 205
Isaak Babel’ ........................................................ 205
Leonid Leonov.................................................... 205
Jurij Oleša ........................................................... 206
Obѐriuti ......................................................................... 207
Konstantin Vaginov ............................................ 208

X. ......................................................................................
RUSKA SOVJETSKA KNJIŽEVNOST II.
209
SOCIJALISTIČKI REALIZAM ..................................................... 209
212
Društvo književnika i Kongres književnika
213
Žanrovski sustav socijalističkoga realizma ................ 214
Povijesni roman i roman-epopeja ....................... 213
Masovna pjesma i dječja književnost..................
215
Književnost u sjeni ....................................................... 217
Anna Ahmatova i Osip Mandel’štam..................
Daniil Harms - Leonid Dobyčin .........................
217
217
a
Andrej Platonov .................................................. 219
Mihail Bulgakov .................................................
219
Rat i poraće ...................................................................
222
Vasilij Grossman ................................................
223
Književne rezolucije Centralnoga komiteta . .
223
Leonovljeva Ruska šuma ....................................
Konstantin Paustovskij .......................................
XI. RUSKA SOVJETSKA KNJIŽEVNOST III.
225
KNJIŽEVNA ODJUGA....................................................................
225
Destaljinizacija .............................................................
226
Kontroverza oko odjuge ..............................................
227
Književnost odjuge .......................................................
225
Lirika i drama u doba odjuge ....................................
228
Evgenij Evtušenko ..............................................
231
Mlada proza ..........................................................
231
Vasilij Aksёnov ..................................................
231
Vladimir Vojnovič ..............................................
232
Afere Pasternak i Solženicyn .......................................
235
Nova proza ...................................................................
235
Jurij Trifonov ......................................................
Andrej Bitov i Vladimir Makanin ....................... 236
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Bilješka o piscu
Povijesni romani ........................................................................
Bulat Okudžava ...............................................................
Seoska proza ...............................................................................
Vladimir Solouhin - Vasilij Belov - Valentin Rasputin
Nova podjela, nova emigracija ..................................................
Iosif Brodskij ....................................................................

XII. SUVREMENA KNJIŽEVNOST

NAKON PERESTROJKE I OBRATA .....................................................
Perestrojka i glasnost .................................................................
Građanski rat u književnosti ...................................................
Književnost perestrojke.............................................................
Anatolij Rybakov - Mihail Šatrov ...................................
Drukčija proza ...........................................................................
Viktor Pelevin ..................................................................
Nove pripovjedačice ...................................................................
Ljudmila Petruševskaja ....................................................
Tat’jana Tolstaja ...............................................................
Tendencije u lirici ......................................................................
Tendencije u drami ...................................................................
Konceptualna umjetnost ...........................................................
Dmitrij Prigov i Lev Rubinštejn .......................................
Cjelovitost i pluralizam .............................................................
m

POGOVOR
Povijest nakon povijesti:
Začudna logika ruske književnosti (Dubravka Oraić Tolić)
Napomena ...............................................................................................
Pravila transliteracije ...............................................................................
Literatura .................................................................................................
Izvori ilustracija ......................................................................................
p Kazalo imena...........................................................................................
i