October 13, 2009 1 Ship Design-2 The Nile Fleet • The fleet of ships and barges operating in the River Nile can be classified as follows:
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 2 Ship Design-2 Floating Hotels
Total Number of boats 320
Total Number of beds 32340
Total Number of crew 21000 Total Number of persons 53340
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 3 Ship Design-2 Floating Restaurants
Total Number of floating restaurants 11
Total Number of guests 2650
Total Number of crew 400 Total Number of persons 3050
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October 13, 2009 4 Ship Design-2 Self Propelled Cargo Barges
• These barges may take one of the following
alternative arrangements: i - Single self propelled barges (some 1360 units each with 5 crew) ii- Pusher barge and pushed dumb barge (some 340 units each with 7 crew) iii- Pusher tug and pushed dumb barges (some 10 units each with 7 crew)
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 5 Ship Design-2 Total Number of self propelled cargo barges 1710
Total Number of crew 9250
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 6 Ship Design-2 Nile Sailing Barges
• They can be further divided into:
i - Cargo Nile sailing barges (operating by one or two sails), and are used to transport low cost commodities (sand, gravel, clay, ...)
They amount to about 2000 units
Total Number of Crew 4000 persons
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 7 Ship Design-2 ii- Nile sailing fishing boats, in which a complete family is living. • Most of these units are owned and operated by individuals.
Their number is estimated at 2000 units
Total Number of inhabitance 8000 persons
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 8 Ship Design-2 Ancillary and support units
• These include tug boats, floating cranes, dredgers,
hopper and split barges, service boats,.....etc.
Their number is estimated at 500 units
Total Number of Crew 3000 persons
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 9 Ship Design-2 The Total Fleet is 6541 units
The Total Number of crew and passengers
i.e. the total population is 80640 persons.
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October 13, 2009 10 Ship Design-2 The High Dam Lake • The number of units are as follows:
(a) Passenger Trade
5 Floating Hotels 2 Ferry boats Total number of guests 1200 persons Total number of crew 475 persons
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 11 Ship Design-2 (b) Cargo Trade Self propelled cargo barges and fishing boats amount to 200 units employing 800 crew.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 12 Ship Design-2 Total Number of Fleet 207
Total Number of population 2475
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October 13, 2009 13 Ship Design-2 • It should be noted that because of the very slow speed of water, any pollution particularly that of oil spills would last for a very long time.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 14 Ship Design-2 Sources Of Pollution From The Nile Fleet • The sources of pollution from the Nile fleet can be divided into: • i - Sources of pollution due to accidents • ii- Sources of pollution due to normal operations
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 15 Ship Design-2 Sources of pollution due to accident • Accidents occur due to fire, collision and grounding, which can lead to partial or total sinkage of the unit.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 16 Ship Design-2 • The serious danger is when such unit is fully loaded with liquid cargo e.g. fuel oil or any oil product, molasses, ....etc. , or with dry bulk cargo particularly if soluble in water e.g. sulphur, phosphate, .....etc.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 17 Ship Design-2 • It should be noted that, in case of sinkage, not only the contained cargo would cause the pollution, but also other contents such as the fuel oil of the unit.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 18 Ship Design-2 • The only way to avoid the danger of sinkage is to design such units particularly employed in the transportation of these types of cargoes in the form of double hull in the cargo hold; i.e. double bottom and double sides.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 19 Ship Design-2 Dr. Adel Banawan October 13, 2009 20 Ship Design-2 • sometimes, due to grounding or wear and tear of the z-drive propulsion unit or Voith Schneider propellers, oil spills would happen. This can be easily recognized from the oil level indicator, and such a propeller should be stopped immediately to avoid pollution of the river water, and immediate repairs should start.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 21 Ship Design-2 Sources of pollution due to normal operations i - Visual Pollution Visual pollution is the least harmful, and is due to the bad, rusty and dirty appearance of the units because of poor maintenance and mal design of the outside shape.
The units should be kept in a good appearance by
painting them frequently
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 22 Ship Design-2 i i - Audio (Noise) Pollution
Audio pollution is again one of the less harmful types
of pollution, and is due to the sound emitted from the exhaust system of internal combustion engines.
It is to be noted that the sound emitted from the
two-stroke type of engines is almost double that of the four-stroke type.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 23 Ship Design-2 • A proper selection of the exhaust system is made.
• It should be noted that the use of the wet exhaust
systems reduce the nose level than the case of dry exhaust system.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 24 Ship Design-2 i i i - Atmospheric and Air Pollution
• Atmospheric air pollution is harmful to the
environment, and particularly when floating hotels are docked side by side, whereby the engines exhaust from one ship is very near to the air intake of the other.
• Atmospheric pollution is due to the exhaust system
of internal combustion engines and water boilers.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 25 Ship Design-2 • The fitting of wet exhaust systems would definitely reduce this type of pollution.
• Also good maintenance of the diesel eugenics
reduces the possibility of incomplete combustion and thus pollution.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 26 Ship Design-2 • Maintain the diesel engines so as to control the in complete combustion and the emission of dangerous fumes.
• Also, the docking facilities should be increased all
along the navigation route.
• Forward the idea of converting the Diesel engines
to gas engines, in which case the harmful of exhaust emission is reduced drastically.
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 27 Ship Design-2 iv - Pollution of the river water
• Pollution of the river water is considered the most
dangerous aspect. The discharge out of ships and barges are: i. Sanitary discharge (gray and black water) ii. Bilge discharge iii. Laundry discharge iv. Ballast water discharge v. Solid discharge of garbage and rubbish
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 28 Ship Design-2 i. For hotel ships; a sanitary treatment plant is fitted compulsory to treat the sanitary gray and black water as well as the laundry discharge
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 29 Ship Design-2 ii. For cargo barges, collection tanks are used, and the discharge out is to be made at special stations for treatment. This is considered the most economical and practical way
Dr. Adel Banawan
October 13, 2009 30 Ship Design-2 • It should be noted that no attention whatsoever is given to the bilge discharge, and ballast water discharge.
• Garbage and rubbish are collected in plastic
containers from hotel ships all along their navigation route