Charles A.

Janeway, Paul Travers, Mark Walport, Mark Shlomchik

Immunobiology:
The Immune System in Health & Disease
Sixth Edition

Chapter 14
Manipulation of the Immune Response

Copyright © 2005 by Garland Science Publishing

The structure of the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug prednisone

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 Mechanism of steroid action

Anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroid therapy

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Cyclosporin A and tacrolimus inhibit T-cell activation by interfering with
the serine/threonine-specific phosphatase calcineurin

Cyclosporin A and tacrolimus inhibit T-cell activation by interfering with

the serine/threonine-specific phosphatase calcineurin

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 Cyclosporin A and tacrolimus inhibit lymphocyte and
some granulocyte responses

Anti-inflammatory effects of anti-TNF-α therapy in rheumatoid arthritis

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 Natalizumab, a therapeutic anti-alpha4 integrin mAb
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Figure 14-8
for the treatment of MS and IBD

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z
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m
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b

Natalizumab, an therepeutic anti-alpha4 integrin mAb

for the treatment of MS and IBD
Figure 14-8 part 1 of 2

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Figure 14-8 part 2 of 2

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Tumor rejection antigens are specific to individual tumors

Figure 14-10 part 1 of 2

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 Figure 14-10 part 2 of 2

Proteins selectively expressed in human tumors are candidate

tumor rejection antigens

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Tumor rejection antigens may arise by point mutations in self proteins,
which occur during the process of oncogenesis

Tumor rejection antigens are peptides of cell proteins presented by

self MHC class I molecules

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Tumors can escape immune surveillance in a variety of ways

Loss of MHC class I expression in a prostatic carcinoma

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Tumors that lose expression of all MHC class I molecules as a mechanism
of escape from immune surveillance are more susceptible to NK cell killing

Monoclonal antibodies that recognize tumor-specific antigens might be used

in a variety of ways to help eliminate tumors

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Examples of tumor antigens that have been targeted by monoclonal
antibodies in therapeutic trials

Transfection of tumors with the gene for B7 or for GM-CSF enhances

tumor immunogenicity

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 Transfection of tumors with the gene for B7 or for GM-CSF enhances
tumor immunogenicity

Recommended childhood vaccination schedules (in red) in the United States

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Diseases for which effective vaccines are still needed

There are several criteria for an effective vaccine

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Viruses are traditionally attenuated by selecting for growth in nonhuman cells

Attenuation can be achieved more rapidly and reliably with recombinant

CNA techniques

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