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01 Communication
01 Communication
01 Communication
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM – the totality of mechanism that provides information link between source
and destination.
3 BASIC ELEMENTS
1. TRANSMITTER – a collection of electronic components and circuits designed to convert the
information into a signal suitable for transmission over a given communication medium.
2. TRANSMISSION CHANNEL – the electrical connection between transmitter and receiver, bridging
the distance from source to destination.
3. RECEIVER – the collection of electronic components and circuits that accept the transmitted
message from the channel and convert it back into a form understandable by humans.
INPUT MESSAGE INPUT SIGNAL TRANSMITTED SIGNAL RECEIVED SIGNAL OUTPUT SIGNAL OUTPUT MESSAGE
ATTENUATION
DISTORTION
INTERFERENCE
NOISE
1. ATTENUATION – the progressive decrease of power density and signal power as distance
increases
2. DISTORTION - signal alteration due to imperfect response of the system to the desired
signal
3. INTERFERENCE – contamination by extraneous signals, usually manmade, of a form
similar to the desired signals. It may be two or more signals picked up at the same time by
the receiver.
4. NOISE – random and unpredictable electric signals from natural causes both internal and
external to the system.
MODULATION – systematic alteration of the carrier wave in accordance with the message (modulating
signal)
Types of modulation
1. CONTINUOUS-WAVE MODULATION – the carrier is simply a sinusoidal waveform.
2. PULSE MODULATION – the carrier is periodic train of pulses.
BASEBAND TRANSMISSION – putting the original voice, video or digital signals directly into
the medium.