Tropane alkaloid

Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and

secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their
chemical structure.[1] Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in
many members of the plant family Solanaceae. Some tropane
alkaloids have pharmacological properties and can act as
anticholinergics or stimulants.

Contents
Chemical structure of tropane which
Anticholinergics
forms the core of tropane alkaloids
Stimulants
Others
Non-natural tropanes
See also
References

Anticholinergics
Anticholinergic drugs[2] and deliriants:

◾ Atropine, racemic hyoscyamine, from the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)

◾ Hyoscyamine, the levo-isomer of atropine, from henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), mandrake
(Mandragora officinarum) and the sorcerers' tree (Latua pubiflora).
◾ Scopolamine, from henbane and Datura species (Jimson weed)
All three acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leaves, stems, and flowers in varying,
unknown amounts in Brugmansia (angel trumpets), a relative of Datura. The same is also true of many
other plants belonging to subfamily Solanoideae of the Solanaceae, the alkaloids being concentrated
particularly in the leaves and seeds. However, the concentration of alkaloids can vary greatly, even from
leaf to leaf and seed to seed.[3][4]

Stimulants
Stimulants and cocaine-related alkaloids:
 ◾ Cocaine, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca)
◾ Ecgonine, a precursor and metabolite of cocaine
◾ Benzoylecgonine, a metabolite of cocaine
◾ Hydroxytropacocaine, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca)
◾ Methylecgonine cinnamate, from coca plant (Erythroxylum coca)

Others
◾ Catuabines, found in catuaba, an infusion or dry extract made from Erythroxylum vaccinifolium
◾ Scopine

Non-natural tropanes
There exist some synthetic analogs of tropane alkaloids, see

◾ Phenyltropanes
They are not considered to be alkaloids per definition.

See also
◾ Alkaloid
◾ Tropane

References
1. O’Hagan, David (2000). "Pyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine and tropane alkaloids (1998 to
1999)". Natural Product Reports. 17 (5): 435–446. doi:10.1039/a707613d (https://doi.org/10.1039%2F
a707613d).
2. Grynkiewicz, G; Gadzikowska, M. "Tropane alkaloids as medicinally useful natural products and their
synthetic derivatives as new drugs". Pharmacological reports : PR. 60 (4): 439–63. PMID 18799813 (h
ttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18799813).
3. The Biology and Taxonomy of the Solanaceae edited by Hawkes, J.G., Lester, R.N. and Skelding,
A.D. (Linnean Society Symposium Series Number 7) Published for the Linnean Society of London by
Academic Press 1979 ISBN 0-12-333150-1
4. Eich, Prof. Dr. Eckhart, 2008, Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae : Secondary Metabolites -
Biosynthesis, Chemotaxonomy, Biological and Economic Significance (A Handbook) pub. Springer-
Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, ISBN 978-3-540-74541-9.

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