Problem Sheet 1 (Matrix Algebras–MA20107)

(1) Using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process, find the orthonormal sets for the
following linearly independent vectors
(i) (1, 2, 1), (1, 0, 1), (1, 0, 2) in R3
(ii) (2, 1, 0), (0, 1, 1), (2, 0, 2) in R3
(iii)(0, 3, 4), (3, 5, 0), (2, 5, 5) in R3
(iv) (1, 1, 0, 1), (1, 2, 1, 0), (0, 1, 2, 1), (1, 0, 1, 1) in R4 .
(2) Find x, y so that (x, " y, 1)# is orthogonal to both (1, 2, 3), (1, 1, 1).
4 1
(3) Find A39 for A = .
2 3
" #
−2 3
(4) Find A202 − 3A147 + 2I, for A = .
−1 2
 
3 2 4
(5) Find A24 − 3A15 , for A =  0 1 0 .
 
−1 −3 −1
   
0 1 0 1 0 0
(6) Let A = 0 0 1. Find a non-singular matrix P such that P −1 AP = 0 1 2.
   
5 −7 3 0 −2 1
A
(7) Find e ,"where #
1 3
(i) A =
4 2
 
2 1 0
(ii) A = 0 2 1.
 
0 0 2
" #
π 3π
(8) Find cos(A), where A =
2π 2π

(9) Find a unitary matrix (or orthogonal matrix) S such that S ∗ AS is an upper
triangular
 matrix, where

1 −1 1
(i) A =  1 2 1
 
−1 1 2
 
1 i 1
(ii) A = −i 2 i .
 
1 −i 1
1
2

(10) Find a unitary matrix (or orthogonal matrix) S such that S ∗ AS is a diagonal
matrix, 
where 
5 −2 0
(i) A = −2 6 2
 
0 2 7
 
6 4 −2
(ii) A =  4 12 −4.
 
−2 −4 13