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Entrepreneurship:: Imagination @work 2017 - 2019
Entrepreneurship:: Imagination @work 2017 - 2019
Entrepreneurship:: Imagination @work 2017 - 2019
Entrepreneurship:
Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
3
Strategic Partnership of schools :
Sternschule, Deutschlandsberg, Austria
Aste Pohikool, Estonia
Staatliche Regelschule ”Friedrich Solle” Zeulenroda-Triebes, Germany
Glenamaddy Community School, Ireland
Istituto Comprensivo ”Vincenzo Mennella” Lacco Ameno, Italy
Instituto Profissional da Bairrada Oliveira do Bairro, Portugal
Zespół Szkół nr 2 w Rybniku, Poland
Colegiul ”Mihai Eminescu” Bacau, Romania
Coverage:
Ruth Knox
Patricia McGann
Beata Kocjan
Maia Tõhk
Ana- Maria Andrioaie
Design:
Mateusz Tokarczyk
Print:
INFOPAKT s.j.
D. Stańczyk, M. Padewski
44-206 Rybnik,
ul. Przewozowa 4,
tel. 32 423 85 51
biuro@infopakt.pl
Co-funded by the
Erasmus+ Programme
of the European Union
”The European Commission’s support for the production of this publication does not consti-
tute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the
Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information
contained therein.”
Original edition
Rybnik 2019 r.
4
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
INTRODUCTION
Our goals for this project are to develop Problem solving is a key requirement
entrepreneurial skills and initiatives among in any business. The next section aims to
our students. help our prospective entrepreneurs to deal
creatively with problems which may arise.
This e -book has been compiled and Problem solving strategies are introduced to
written to provide prospective entrepreneurs the student and the student gets a chance
with the knowledge and skills required to to put these into practice through various
bring their business idea through to product assignments.
stage and into the marketplace. With the
goal of enabling our students in setting up How to market your product is key to
a mini-company always in mind, each chapter running and growing a business. In the next
is dedicated to a different step towards section students learn about marketing and
achieving this aim. the four key principles of Product, Price,
Promotion and Place. Advertising will also
Each section contains theory as well as be looked at in detail and the importance of
practical tasks to reinforce what is learned and advertising one’s product to the right people,
to develop competencies in that particular in the right place, at the right time.
area.
An accessible, student friendly approach
We begin with developing the essential is used throughout this e-book which is
business skills which are required by every ideal for encouraging students and giving
entrepreneur regardless of whether they are them confidence in their own ability. A range
involved in social or business enterprise. These of carefully constructed and imaginatively
include a basic knowledge of the different written tasks are included in each section
types of business structure; organisation of taking the students from a basic level to
a business into various departments; a more complete understanding of tasks, skills
managing risk; drawing up a business plan; and competencies required to run a business.
sourcing finance; business documentation;
doing basic accounts; the steps in developing As practice makes perfect, while learning
a new product and quality control. The role about all these areas the students will work in
of ICT will also be looked at. Underlying all of teams with students from other countries to
this is an understanding of the important role set up a mini company. They will be required
meetings play in the day-to-day running of to present their business plan to the teachers
a business, as well as in the business meeting and a professional business stakeholder. At
its legal obligations. The development of the end of the project a public event will be
teamwork skills is also key. The role of ethics organised for all team members and students,
in the workplace and an entrepreneur’s rights community members and local public
and obligations in relation to copyright are officials. This is where the student teams will
also explored. present their product to a jury of professional
stakeholders in a fun, yet formal setting. The
The next section focuses on the Social Skills students will have the unique opportunity to
and will develop the student’s confidence and receive feedback from a variety of professional
competencies in the importance of effective skate-holders.
communication in business.
5
CHAPTER ONE
CHAPTER ONE
Enterprise is the act of doing something 1.1 What is a Private Limited
new and challenging, taking the initiative, and
Company?
being prepared to take the risk. The risk may
be in the form of money, time, reputation, Between 1 and 149 people come together
energy career commitment. Business to form a business. Each person invests
Enterprise – An enterprising person who sets money into the business in return for shares.
up a business with a view to making a profit is The owners are called shareholders. Each
called an entrepreneur. owner 1.1 has Whatlimitedis a Private Limited Company?
liability i.e. should the
Enterprise Skills include the following business fail the owners
Between 1 and 149 people come together to form only loseEach
a business. theperson
moneyinvests money
into thethey
businessinvested
in return for into
shares. the
The business,
owners are called their private
shareholders. Each owner has
Planning Skills - setting targets; Human limited liability i.e. should the business fail the owners only lose the money they invested
Relations Skills- getting on well with people; into theassets
business, are safe.assets
their private Theareprofits
safe. The are
profitsdivided among
are divided among the
Leadership Skills – motivating, delegating the
shareholders shareholders
as as
dividends. The word "Ltd" dividends.
appears The
after the name of theword
business.
etc.; Communication Skills – verbal, written; “Ltd” appears after the name of the business.
Time management skills, Decision making
skills, Conflict resolution skills and Ability to 1.2 The structure of a Private
assess risk – risk taking. 1.2 The structure of a Private Limited company
Limited company
Learning Outcomes:
By the end of this chapter you should
understand:
1. The meaning of the term “Private
Limited Company”
2. The structure of a private limited
company
3. The steps in forming a private limited
company The owners elect a number to run the
business on their behalf. These are called the
4. Company organisation The owners elect a number ot run the business on their behalf. These are called the Board Of
Board Of Directors. The Board of Directors
Directors. The Board of Directors then elect one person to be in chargs of running the company on a
5. People in business then elect one person to be in charge of
day to day basis. This person is the Managing Director.
running the company on a day to day basis.
6. Meetings This person is the Managing Director.
7. Managing your money Cash Book and
Cash Flow 1.3 Forming a Private Limited
Company
8. Seven stages in developing a new
product In order to set up a private limited company,
9. Pricing product the promoters employ an accountant for
financial advice and a solicitor to prepare the
10. Preparing a business plan legal documents. These documents include
a Memorandum of Association (Form A1). It
11. Intellectual Properties, Patents,
is sent to the Companies registration Office
Trademarks and Copyright
that issues a Certificate of Incorporation.
12. Ethics in the workplace
6
orming a Private Limited Company
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
mited
ploy an · It has a separate legal existence from its
If so, a Certificate of Incorporation is issued
owners
o This is the birth certificate of a company
ce and a
o It has a separate legal existence from its owners
· The shareholders have limited liability
o The shareholders have limited liability
o · TheThe can sue andcan
company
company sue
be sued and
in its ownbe sued
name in its
ts include
own name
on (Form
Nowcan
Now the company the company
begin trading. can begin trading.
ies
sa 1.4 Company Organisation
1.4 Company Organisation
· The Registrar will check to see if they Sales ans Marketing Department is
are all in order responsible for:
· This is the birth certificate of a company • Making sure customers know about the
product
7
CHAPTER ONE
8
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
What are the function of a Chairperson?
1.6
1.6Meetings
Meetings
Call the meeting
• Ensures that order is maintained and
gives each person time to speak
Reads the minutes which he/she signs when accepted
• maintained
Ensures that order is Puts motions to aeach
and gives voteperson time to speak
Puts motions to a vote
What are the functions of the Secretary?
• Secretary?
What are the function of the Calls the meeting
• Sends out agenda
What is a meeting?
Calls the meeting
• Writes up the minutes
A
What is a meeting?
meeting is the coming together
Sends out of at
agenda
least two people to discuss a particular Writes topic. up the minutes • Deals with all correspondence (send
Deals with
A meeting is the coming together of at least two people to discuss a particular topic.
all correspondence (send letters)
and receive and receive letters)
• 4 people involved in meetings Keep all official documents
4 people involved in meetings
1. Chairperson What are the functions of the • Keeps all official documents
Treasurer?
1. Chairperson
2. Secretary
3. Treasurer
What are the functions of the Treasurer?
2. Secretary 4. Public Relations Officer
Looks after the money
• Looks after the money
Keeps all the accounts
What is an Agenda?
3. Treasurer
Lodges the money received
• Keeps all the accounts
4. Public Relations Officer
Signs cheques and pays bills
The agenda is the list of topics to be discussed at a meeting. It is prepared by the Secretary Items to
be discussed include • Lodges the money received
What is an Agenda?
Minutes of the last meeting and any matters arising
Correspondence • Signs cheques and pays bills
The agenda
dependingis the list
of theof topics to be
Other topics on the purpose meeting
discussed at a meeting. It is prepared by the
A.O.B. (Any Other Business)
1.7 ManagingMoney
1.7 Managing Money
Secretary. Items to be discussed include
The Minutes of a meeting?
9
CHAPTER ONE
If webudget
are keeping within our budget.
Debit the receiver (receiving account) What changes we need to make to our budget
Credit: Layout
10
afloat until it is established
Needed when raising finance to convince investors of their ability to repay
CHAPTER
6. Test ONETesting
Marketing/ Product
doing a small-scale trial on their target market to identify possible faults and to assess
customer reaction.
1. Idea Generation satisfaction with the product.
The product is tested on a sample of potential consumers before going into full production
• Ideascustomer
to determine for the satisfaction
new product with are thought
the product. 7. Production and Launch/
up Commercialisation
• Ideas
7. Production may be generated by brain-
and Launch/Commercialisation • The product is put into full-scale
storming
The product sessions
is put into production
full-scale production and introduced to the market. and introduced to the
The business will select a suitable marketing strategy to persuademarket.
consumers to buy the
product. 2. Product Screening
• The business will select a suitable
• All ideas are vetted and the impractical marketing strategy to persuade
and unworkable ideas are dropped consumers to buy the product.
• helps businesses avoid huge expenses
1.9 Pricing our Product
in developing ideas that people will not 1.9 Pricing our Product
buy and ensures that good opportunities
Profit is calculated by lost
are not
12
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
Information contained in a Business Plan
1. Industrial Property
Elements of a Business Plan
1 Industrial Property is regulated by
• Business Description the 1883 Paris Convention. The main
• Personnel elements are:
• Marketing A. Patents
13
CHAPTER ONE
14
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
Practice: VisualPractice:
identificationVisual
of originalidentification
logos of original
logos
Identify the original trademark. Pay attention to all the details, such as colours,
Identify
orientation of theof letters,
lines, thickness original
positiontrademark. Payetc.
of graphic elements
Practice: Visual identification of original logos
attention to all the details, such as colours,
orientation
Identify of lines,
the original trademark. Pay attentionthickness ofsuchletters,
to all the details, as colours,
orientation of lines, thickness of letters, position of graphic elements etc.
position of graphic elements etc.
2. Copyright
16
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
Trademarks:• The
Operating
NOKIAsystem
brand, Product 208, 1. Honesty
its start-upEthical
Ethical executives
tone
behavior
are honest and truthfulon the
in all part
their of the
dealings. They company
do not deliberately
mislead or and the
deceive employees
others of a business
by misrepresentations, canpartial
overstatements, translate
truths, selective
• Operation
Copyright: software, ofmanuals,
user user interface
ringtones, its start-up tone,
omissions,
into honest andimages
or any other means.
valued relationships with the
customers, the employees and the business
2. Integrity
Designs: thephone
One shape of
canthe overall phone,
comprise the arrangement
the following
Ethical andpersonal
executives demonstrate shape of buttons,
integrity theof their
and the courage position
convictions by
partners. Maintaining ethical standards inThey are
and shape of the screen
elements: doing what they think is right even
the workplace involves:
when there is great pressure to do otherwise.
principled, honorable and upright. They will fight for their beliefs. They will not sacrifice
principle for expediency. They will not be hypocritical or unscrupulous.
Trademarks:
Trade secrets: The NOKIA
the technical brand, that
know-how Product
is kept "in-house" and not published.
• setting expectations;
208, its start-up tone
• providing guidance along the way
Copyright: software, user manuals,
ringtones, its start-up tone, images • consistently choosing to do the right
thing.
Designs: the shape of the overall phone,
3. ‘SOFT IP’
the arrangement and shape of buttons, the
1. Honesty
position and shape of the screen
• ‘SOFT IP’ refers Ethical executives are honest and
Trade secrets: the to
technical know-how
• Secrets truthful in all their dealings. They do not
that is kept “in-house” and not published.
• Know-How
• Confidentiality 17
CHAPTER ONE
18
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
19
CHAPTER ONE
20
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
CHAPTER TWO
Social Skills in Business We spoke with many experts from
various professional fields in management
“The single biggest problem with positions, and the vast majority of them
communication, is the illusion that it has cited ‘self-awareness’ as the most pivotal;
taken place.” George Bernard Shaw “a workplace that encourages self-awareness
is an environment where the most productive,
The second chapter of this book focuses curious and innovative people can thrive.”
on the development of social skills, with
a focus on the workplace. As this is such When asked if there was one piece of
a broad field, I will select some social skills of advice they would offer as a ‘golden nugget,’
highest priority to delve into. By the end of the most popular direction was the following:
this chapter, my goal is that you, the reader,
“Be an active listener. You have two ears
will realise that while qualifications and
and one mouth for a very good reason. It’s
practical skills are of unequivocal importance
simple, listen more, speak less! Open your
to getting your dream job; your employer will
heart as well as your mind.”
hire you at the end of the day because they
see you as an enhancement of their company
team. In order to become a valued colleague Skill II: Communication
and employee, one must be self-aware in how
we present ourselves. The skills you will read There are two types of communication
about momentarily are the stepping stones essentially: verbal and non-verbal.
needed to blossom in the workplace. The definition of verbal communication
As esteemed businessman, Neil Blumenthal is the sharing of information between
has stated: “There are two elements to nailing individuals using speech. To effectively
a job interview, form and substance. ‘Form’ communicate verbally, one should occupy
describes the outer layer of your character; the following characteristics:
your manners, your demeanor and your social • clearly spoken words
skills. ‘Substance’ describes the inner core of
your character - your intellect, your empathy • use appropriate language
and your creativity.” • enunciate properly
21
CHAPTER TWO
22
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
Our experts echo this line of thinking: All in all, technical skills may get you the
interview; but soft skills (social skills) will get
“Show your dedication – get involved in you the job and any promotion thereafter.
every way you can!” Their importance is not to be underestimated.
“A firm hand-shake goes a long way; it Neel Burton put it fittingly when he said:
signals confidence and sincerety.” “If you say it very softly, with a smile, you can
get away with saying almost anything, even
“Put your phone away! Your undivided the truth.”
attention is noted.”
I guess our parents weren’t leading us
down the wrong path when they told us,
a smile goes a long way.
All in all, technical skills may get you the interview; but soft skills (social skills)
will get you the job and any promotion thereafter. Their important is not to be
underestimated. Neel Burton put it fittingly when he said: “If you say it very softly,
with a smile, you can get away with saying almost anything, even the truth.”
I guess our parents weren’t leading us down the wrong path when they told us, a
23
CHAPTER THREE
CHAPTER THREE
Problem solvingCHAPTER THREEand conflict
resolution
Problem solving and conflictskills
resolution skills
A conflict
A conflict is a condition is a condition
that exists anytime that exists
two or more people disagree.anytime
Interpersonal conflict is
TEACHERS MENTORS COACHES
unavoidable, buttwowe canor more people disagree. Interpersonal
learn to manage it. Conflict is a natural phenomenon, neither inherently
good or bad, but there may be positive or negative outcomes. Managing conflict in a dysfunctional
conflict is unavoidable, but we can learn to
way is a learned behaviour and can be changed.
manage it. Conflict is a natural phenomenon,
neither
What inherently
is a conflict good
management or why
style and bad,do but there
we need may
to know this?
be positive
• Conflict Management Style: Formor negative
of behaviour thatoutcomes. Managing
a person practices in response to conflict with
others conflict in a dysfunctional way is a learned
behaviour and can be changed.
• When living and interacting with others on campus, you need to know how to resolve issues in
different situations.
What is a conflict management style and
why
How do do our
we learn weown
need
stylesto knowmanagement?
of conflict this?
Role models
• Conflict Management Style: Form of
behaviour that a person practices in CELEBRITIES
response to conflict with others
Five Styles of Conflict Management
• When living and interacting with others
on campus, you need to know how to
You will experience some form of
resolve issues in different situations.
internal or external conflict while living with
FAMILY CELEBRITIES
roommates at some point in your college
How do we learn our own styles of career. Understanding how you handle
conflict management? conflict is important Five Styles of Conflictin helping you decide
Management
Accommodating
FAMILY •
•
People who accommodate are unassertive and very cooperative.
Give in during a conflict
• Acknowledge they made a mistake/decide it was no big deal
• Put relationships first, ignore issues, and try to keep peace at any price
24
• Effective when the other person or party has a better plan or solution
Avoiding
• Does not rely on cooperation with the • Conflict can teach you to make the
other party to reach outcome most of each situation and use it as
25
• Include only those concerned.
CHAPTER THREE • Give a description of the problem that respects all
• Explain how conflict resolution can enable all to w
a learning opportunity or a leadership • Identify
Agree notthetoproblem
slip backortoissues
the win lose methods
opportunity.
• • UseFind
“I” aMessages
good timetoand place your
explain with no
owndistractions.
• Every relationship will have some • concerns, needs and
Get something basic down
to write goals ideas.
conflicts at some time or other, when
• Use reflective listening to hear and
we use win-win problem solving, it Identify the problem or issues
strengthens the relationship, when we acknowledge the other’s needs and
don’t, it destroys it. basic goals
• Use “I” Messages to explain your own concerns, ne
• When we are able to resolve internal • • Evaluate exactlylistening
Use reflective what each
to hearofand
your
acknowledge th
and interpersonal conflicts, using win- actual needs are with the problem. List
Evaluate exactly what each of your actual needs ar
• needs.
win problem solving.
Brainstorm All Possible Solutions that meets both people
• You can also use it as an opportunity to Brainstorm
transform the situation into something both people’s needs
better. Cake Cutting Exercise
Cake Cutting Exercise
What Doesn’t Work?
Yelling, refusing to change or compromise,
refusing to work out the conflict,name calling,
hitting, walking out, belittling, etc.
What does work?
Negotiation, Mediation, Looking at both
sides, A Win-Win attitude.
Who Owns the Problem?
You are in charge of a Birthday party for
You are in charge of a Birthday party for four Children. You
The person who is negatively affected by four Children. You have one Cake and need to
the problem. equal
cut it parts. Brainstorm
in 4 equal with your partner
parts. Brainstorm How many differ
with your
partner How many different ways you could
What is the Owner’s responsibility? Car
cut Sharing
it. Solution
To find a way to resolve the problem, even You and yourCarspouse have one car. You need to go to a me
Sharing Solution
if he is not the cause of it. visit a good friend. How many solutions can you come up w
You and your spouse have one car. You
Search for Win-Win Solution need to go to a meeting tonight, and your
spouse wants to visit a good friend. How
Prepare many solutions can you come up with?
• Agree not to slip back to the win lose • Write down all ideas suggested.
methods • EvaluateEvaluate
later theNOT NOW
alternative solutions
• Ask “Will it work? Does it meet all the needs of both people? Are there any pr
• Find a good time and place with no • Do not • criticize any
Don’t accept solutions suggestion.
for the sake of speed
• Get something to write down ideas. • Write down all ideas suggested.
• Find a solutions that is mutually acceptable to both of you.
• If agreement seems difficult, summarize areas of agreement. Restate needs, a
new solutions.
• Make certain that both of you are committed to the solution
• End of Construction. After reaching a solution that the two individuals agree
can resume normal activities.
• End of Construction. After reaching a solution that the two individuals agree will work, they
Ahead. Sometimes • tempers
Detourare flaring
Ahead.so much that it may be
Sometimes necessary
tempers
can • activities.
to take
resume normal End
a of Construction. After reaching
are flaring I-way.
ary detour from the communication so much that
Once the it may
tempers be
have calmed a solution
down, you that the two individuals agree
gin using I statements necessary to take a temporary detour
to solve the problem. will work, they can resume normal
Problem Solving
activities.
from the communication I-way. Once
the tempers have calmed down, you Problem Solving
may begin using I statements to solve Problem Solving
the problem.
Life is full of crises, problems, and decisions, but many people do not have the appropriate skills to
manage them.
• Exit Ahead. Most conflicts can be resolved through effective communication. However, if you
• Exitor unsafe,
begin to feel threatened Ahead. Most
you should conflicts I-way
exit the communication can and seek safety.
be resolved through effective
communication. However, if you begin
to feel threatened or unsafe, you should
Life is full of crises, problems, and decisions,
exit the communication I-way and seek
but many
if you people do not have the appropriate
Life is full of crises, problems, and decisions, but many people do not have the appro
• Exit Ahead. Most conflicts can be resolved through effective communication. However,
safety.
• begin to feel threatened or unsafe, you should exit the communication I-way and
Construction Zone. Construct an I-way statement by following these directions: skills
seek to manage them.
safety.
use the word "I"
manage them.
state how you feel
state the specific behaviour that you do not like
• Much of what we think of as problematic
behaviour in a client can be viewed
state your willingness to cooperatively resolve the problem as the consequence of ineffective
behaviour and thinking.
• Construction Zone. Construct an I-way statement by following these directions:
use the word • Construction
"I" Zone. Construct an I-way • The individual is unable to resolve
• Exit Ahead. Most statement
state how you feel by following these directions:
conflicts can be resolved through effective communication. However, if you certain dilemmas in his or her life.
begin to feel threatened or unsafe, you should exit the communication I-way and seek safety.
state the specific behaviour that you do not like
· use
state your willingness to the word “I”
cooperatively resolve the problem
•
Most often as problem solvers we try
to improve the actual state of affairs
· state how you feel by finding an answer to a difficulty,
•
· state the specific behaviour that a solution to a problem.
Merge Ahead. After using properly constructed I-way statements, individuals can begin to
share ideas for how
• Construction to Construct
Zone. solve theanproblem. Often, the best solution is reached when two
I-way statement
people merge
use their ideas"I"
the word
you do
together.
not like by following these directions: • Group problem solving is generally more
state how you feel
· state your willingness to fruitful than individual effort.
state the specific behaviour that you do not like
cooperatively
state your willingness resolve
to cooperatively resolve the problem
the problem
• In the problem solving approach
• “small” is not so much “beautiful” as
Merge Ahead. After using properly constructed I-way statements, individuals can begin to
share ideas for how to solve the problem. Often, the best solution is reached when two “manageable”.
• End of Construction. After reaching a solution that the two individuals agree will work, they
people merge their ideas together.
can resume normal activities. • Problems are not manageable when
they are conceived in large global terms.
Problem Solving
• Merge Ahead. After using properly constructed I-way statements, individuals can begin to
· “Everything is going wrong.”
• Merge Ahead. After using properly
share ideas for how to solve the problem. Often, the best solution is reached when two
• End ofpeople
Construction. constructed
After
merge their together.a solutionI-way
ideasreaching statements,
that the two individuals agree will work, they· “He will never change.”
can resume normal activities.
individuals can begin to share ideas · “There is no hope.”
for how to solve the problem. Often,
e is full of crises, problems,the best solution
and decisions, but many
Problem is reached
people
Solving when
do not have two
the appropriate skills to · “I seem to have the world on my
nage them. people merge their ideas together. shoulders.”
• End of Construction. After reaching a solution that the two individuals agree will work, they
can resume normal activities.
28
Problem Solving
Most often as problem solvers we try to improve the actual state of affairs by finding an
answer to a difficulty, a solution to a problem. Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
Group problem solving is generally more fruitful than individual effort.
In the problem solving approach “small” is not soTechniques
Problem-Solving much “beautiful” as “manageable”.
extent to which the child’s caregivers
Problems are not manageable when they are conceived in large global terms. manifest these abilities themselves.
Seven steps for problem-solving can be
“Everything is going
carried wrong.”
out. “Creative problem solving is - looking at
“He will never change.” the same thing as everyone else and thinking
1) Identify the issues - Be clear about what something different.” Adapted from a famous
“There is no hope.”
the problem is quote from a former Nobel prize winner,
“I seem to have the world on my shoulders.”
2) Understand everyone’s interests -It is Albert Szent-Gyorgi.
important to takeTechniques
Problem-Solving the perspective of all Practical exercises – creative problem
that are involved to generate the best solving workshop
eps for problem-solvingsolution
can be carried out.
UPSIDE DOWN
3) List possible solutions - Brainstorm and
fy the issues - Be clear about what the problem is
use creativity to come up with ideas on Challenge: Your task will be to make
how to solve the problem a construction as tall as possible which will
rstand everyone’s interests -It is important to take the perspective of all that are involved to
be placed and attached to a cardboard base.
e the best solution 4) Evaluate the options - Consider the After turning the construction upside down
pros and cons for given solutions none of its parts can fall off.
ossible solutions - Brainstorm and use creativity to come up
5) Select an options or options - Determine
with ideas on how to solve the
m Time: You will be given 6 minutes to
what is the best option and provides the design and build your construction.
most balancing solution to the problem.
uate the options - Consider the prosalso
Consider and cons for given
whether solutions
several solutions Organisation of space: There is a table
could be combined. with a cardboard base and other necessary
t an options or options - Determine what is the best option and provides the most balancing
materials in front of you.
6) Document any agreements - if working
to the problem. Consider also whether several solutions could be combined.
in a group, note the agreement among Instructions for the task:
ment any agreements - members
if working inabout
a group,solutions
note the agreement among members Partabout
one – 6 minutes
s 7) Implement, monitor, and evaluate
solutions You have 6 minutes to do the task. Use all
the available materials to make a construction
ment, monitor, and evaluate solutions
To be an effective problem-solver, you as high as possible, placed and attached
need to have self-awareness about your to the cardboard base. After turning the
n effective problem-solver, you need to have self-awareness about your thinking processes,
thinking processes, decision-making skills, construction upside down none of its parts
-making skills, learning
learningstyle, style,
intelligence, memory and information
intelligence, memory acquisition,
and canand problem-
fall off.
skills and techniques
information acquisition, and problem-solving
skills and techniques Part two – 1 minute
The Development of Problem Solving Skills The experts will measure your structure.
The Development of Problem Solving Skills
Then they will ask you to turn it upside down,
starting the 30 - second countdown.
Materials:
29
CHAPTER THREE
30
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
31
CHAPTER FOUR
CHAPTER FOUR
Marketing and Advertising • Marketing helps boost product sales.
Chapter four When people know your business exists,
“A productMarketing
is something that is made in
and Advertising they’re much more likely to become your
a factory, a brand is something that is bought customers. If your marketing campaigns
by a customer. A product can be copied by are doing their job properly, you’ll start
a competitor, a brand is unique. A product to see an increase in sales shortly after
“A product is something that is made in a factory, a brand is something that is bought by a
can be quickly outdated, a successful brand is you get started.
customer. A product can be copied by a competitor, a brand is unique. A product can be
timeless” (Stephen King, WPP Group)
quickly outdated, a successful brand is timeless” (Stephen King, WPP Group) • Marketing promotes product
By marketing and advertising your product awareness to the public - Most of the
By marketing and advertising your product in a creative
in a creative and wise way you will create and wise way you will create a time we see an advertisement, or get
brand
a brand that will sell itself in the future.
that will sell itself in the future. a recommendation, but we don’t always
buy the product or use the services
Well-known brands: Well-known brands: straight away. By raising awareness
through marketing, you’ll build
an audience of potential customers who
know who you are, know what you can
offer, and know exactly where to find
you when they are ready to purchase
your products or services.
• Marketing builds company reputation.
People want to buy from a business
that has a trustworthy reputation. They
want to know that they can trust the
business they are buying from. It takes
time to build the trust and reputation for
Marketing is the process of developing,
your business. Once your business can
promoting,
Marketing is the and distributing
process of developing, promoting, andproducts to
distributing products to satisfy
establish this trust with your clients, it
satisfy
customers’ needs customers’ needs and wants.
and wants.
creates customer loyalty. If your clients
The modern concept of marketing evolved during and after the industrial revolution inare the happy with your products or services,
The modern concept of marketing evolved
19th and 20thduring
centuries.and
Overafter
the lastthe
decades, the concept
industrial of “marketing”
revolution they will talk about your business. Word
in has changed
greatly. the 19th and 20th centuries. Over the last of mouth is the most effective type of
decades,
The aim of marketing the and
is to know concept
understandofthe“marketing” has
customer, to attract marketing,
new customer by and it’s free.
changed
promising superior greatly.
value, and to keep current customers by delivering satisfaction.
(Joanne Nguyen from Success Tax
The aim of marketing is to know and Professionals Malaga)
understand the customer, to attract new
Before marketing you need to think of the
customer by promising superior value, and
following questions:
to keep current customers by delivering
satisfaction. • Who are our existing/potential
customers?
Importance of Marketing • What are their current/future needs?
Many customers don’t know what they • How can we satisfy these needs?
want when the product is new, so companies
help the customers to learn what they want. • Can we offer a product/service that the
customer would value?
32
Ideas
Concepts of marketing activities
Production concept - Consumers will prefer products that are widely available and
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
inexpensive. Managers of production-oriented businesses concentrate on achieving
high production efficiency, low costs, mass distribution.
• Can we communicate with our that business. A business is just like
Product Concept - Consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality,
customers? a human body: it has different parts, but
performance, innovative features. Managers in these organizations
it’s only able to focus on making
function properly when
• Can we deliver a competitive product or
superior products and improving them over time. all those parts work together towards
service? Selling Concept - The aim is to sell what companies
themake
same objective.
rather that what the Holistic
market marketing
• Why should customers buy from us?
wants. concept enforces this interrelatedness
andfor
Marketing Concept - The job is to find right products believes that a broad and integrated
your customers.
What can be marketed? perspective isone
essential to attain best
Holistic Marketing Concept - Considers business and all its parts as single entity
• Goods results.
and gives a shared purpose to every activity and person related to that business. A
• Services • Societal
business is just like a human body: it has different marketing
parts, but it’s only able to functionConcept
-
Organization’s
properly when all those parts work together towards task isHolistic
the same objective. to determine the
• Events marketing concept enforces this interrelatedness needs, wantsthatand
and believes interests
a broad and of target
markets and to deliver the desired
• Experiences integrated perspective is essential to attain best results.
Societal marketing Concept - Organization’s task satisfactions more
is to determine the needs, wants effectively
and and
• Persons efficiently than competitors in a way that
interests of target markets and to deliver the desired satisfactions more effectively and
preserves or enhances the consumer’s
• Places efficiently than competitors in a way that preserves or enhances the consumer’s and
and the society’s well-being.
the society’s well-being.
• Properties
• Organizations
The marketing mix consists of four basic marketing strategies
• Information
known as the 4 P’s. Marketing is simplistically defined as
‘putting the right product in the right place, at the right price,
• Ideas at the right time.’
Concepts of marketing activities
• Production concept - Consumers
will prefer products that are widely
available and inexpensive. Managers The marketing mix consists of four basic
of production-oriented businesses marketing strategies known as the 4 P’s.
concentrate on achieving high Marketing is simplistically defined as ‘putting
production efficiency, low costs, mass the right product in the right place, at the
distribution. right price, at the right time.’
33
CHAPTER FOUR
34
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
xample: In a GUESS advertisement, Paris Hilton steps down the helicopter escorted by a
35
lper or a boyfriend rolled into one. Paris Hilton manifests the expression of wealth and
CHAPTER FOUR
• Audio visual
37
CHAPTER FIVE
The Harvest
„Don’t judge each day by the harvest that
you reap, but by the seeds that you plant”
Robert Louis Stevenson
The journey of this project began two
years ago. We had so many exciting plans
illuminating the way ahead; who would’ve
thought the time would pass so quickly!
de la Tour Schule, Seiersberg
Our final meeting, held in Austria, brought de la Tour Schule, Seiersberg
together some final pearls of wisdom as well
The participants gained insight and
as the practical unveiling of the products
inspiration into how critical it is to ingrain
from the international mini-companies. In
such values from an early age.
this chapter, I will describe the educational
activities carried out during this meeting; Real social living is more than contact; it is
as well as the enormous value drawn from co-operation and interaction. A school cannot
the professional unveiling of the students’ reflect the social experience which is the fruit
products. of community life unless all its parts, or groups,
develop those intimate relations one with the
Progressive Education other and that interdependence which, outside
school, binds men and nations together.
During this mobility, the guests had the
(Helen Parkhurst, 1922)
opportunity to visit two progressive schools:
Sternschule and the de la Tour Schule, Conditions are created by the Dalton Plan
Seiersberg. These two schools practice reform in which the pupil, in order to enjoy them,
pedagogy; the Sternschule utilizing the Dalton involuntarily functions as a member of a social
Plan and the de la Tour Schule a mixture of community. He / She is accepted or perhaps,
Montessori and Dalton Plan. These education rejected by this community according to
methods strive to equip their students with his functioning and behaviour within the
the necessary tools to flourish in life. The main community – just as it would be in the ‘real
‘pillars’ of Dalton, for example, are: Respect, world.’ In order to really work successfully,
Freedom, Responsibility, Co-operation and this system should not be dependent upon
Time-Management; characteristics that are written laws, but should create an atmosphere
essential in the work-force. of a shared responsibility. The value of our
community life lies in the service rendered
by its members. The individual becomes
consciously aware that he / she, as a member,
is a co-worker who is responsible to, and for,
the whole.
Logic Data
Logic Data is a highly innovative, hugely
successful company that develops electronic
Sternschule, Deutschlandsberg and mechatronic components for height-
adjustable sit-stand-working places in
38
Sternschule, Deutschlandsberg
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
the office furniture industry; as well as have. Such attitudes resonate with Chapter
mechatronic solutions for the home furniture Two of this E-Book where the importance of
industry. social skills is explored.
One of the main managing directors in the Product Unveiling
Austrian branch, Johannes Gradwohl, kindly
organized a fantastic tour of their building Our grand finale came on Friday, May
with workshops. 17th. The four international mini-companies
presented their products in-front of
Our tour guide, Christine Assl, explained a professional jury of four members:
how the atmosphere among the employees is
the most important priority for the managing • Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein, Company
directors. At Logic Data, they realize that – Holztreff
happy workers make productive workers. • Susanne Prentner-Vitek, Diakonie de la
They want
they realize their
that happy employees
workers to workers.
make productive feel excited
They want their Tour
when coming through the doors each and
employees to feel excited when coming through the doors each and every day.
every that happy workers make productive workers. They want their • Gerald Suppan, Physikoinstitut and
day.
they realize
employees to feel excited when coming through the doors each and every day. Entrepreneur
39
CHAPTER FIVE
Italy and Germany Italy and Germany Austrian and Estonian team Austrian and Estonian team
40
Entrepreneurship: Imagination@Work 2017 – 2019
German and Italian team Portuguese and Irish team – the winners!!
Portuguese and Irish team – the winners!!
!!
Group PhotoThroughout this project, we have learned
that we all have potential. We all have talents.
‘What makes the desert beautiful, is that One important job for us teachers, is to seek
somewhere it hides a well...’ to unearth the talents of our students; to
Group
create a !!
Photo stimulating environment for them
Saint-Exupéry, 1900 wherein they can blossom and find their path
in the workplace and in life. Look out future!
Here we come!
41
CHAPTER FIVE
42