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11 - Heat and Thermodynamics (Including Ideal Gas and Kinetic Theory of Gases)
11 - Heat and Thermodynamics (Including Ideal Gas and Kinetic Theory of Gases)
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( d ) It introduces the concept of the internal energy. [ A EEE 2005 ]
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then
( a ) relation between ∆U1 and ∆U2 cannot be determined
( b ) ∆U1 = ∆U2 ( c ) ∆U2 < ∆U1 ( d ) ∆U2 > ∆U1
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[ AIEEE 200 ]
(c) 2/3
(b) 1/2
(d) 1/3
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cycle is given in the figure. Its efficiency is
(a) 1/4
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[ AIEEE 2005 ]
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One mole of ideal monatomic gas ( γ = 5 / 3 ) is mixed with one mole of diatomic gas
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7 Two thermally insulated vessels 1 and 2 are filled with air at temperature ( T1, T2 ),
volume ( V1, V2 ) and pressure ( P1, P2 ) respectively. If the valve joining the two vessels
is opened, the temperature inside he vessel at equilibrium will be
8 ) “Heat cannot by itself flow from a body at lower temperature to a body at higher
temperature” is a statement as a consequence of
( a ) conservation of mass ( b ) conservation of momentum
( c ) first law of thermodynamics ( d ) second law of thermodynamics [ AIEEE 2003 ]
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9) During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a gas is found to be p opo tional to the
cube of its absolute temperature. The ratio Cp / Cv for the gas is
(a) 2 (b) 3/2 (c) 4/3 (d) 5/3 [ AIEEE 2003 ]
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10 ) A Carnot engine takes 3 × 10 cal. of heat from a reservoir at 627 C and gives it to a
sink at 27° C. The work done by the engine is
6 6 6
( a ) zero ( b ) 4.2 × 10 J ( c ) 8.4 × 10 J ( d ) 16.8 × 10 J [ AIEEE 2003 ]
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11 ) Which of the following parameters does not c aracterize the thermodynamic state of
matter ?
( a ) work ( b ) volume ( c ) pressure ( d ) emperature [ AIEEE 2003 ]
( a ) ( 3 / 2 ) RT ( b ) ( 9 / 2 ) RT ( c ) ( 1 / 3 ) RT ( d ) ( 5 / 2 ) RT
gas is
[ AIEEE 2002 ]
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14 ) A gas at 300 K, enclosed i a container, is placed in a fast moving train. When the
train is in motion, the temperature of the gas
( a ) rises above 300 K ( b ) falls below 300 K
( c ) remains unchanged ( d ) becomes unsteady [ AIEEE 2002 ]
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16 ) Two rods, one of aluminium and the other made of steel, having initial length l1 and l2
expansion for aluminium and steel are α a and α s respectively. If the lengthy of each
are connected together to form a single rod of length l1 + l2. The coefficients of linear
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rod increases by the same amount when their temperatures are raised by t° C, then the
l1
l1 + l 2
ratio is equal to
αs αa αs αa
αa + αs αa + αs
(a) (b) (c) (d) [ IIT 2003 ]
αa αs
11 - HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS Page 3
( including ideal gas and kinetic theory of gases )
( Answers at the end of all questions )
process C → A is
in the cycle is 5 J, the work done by the gas in the
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(a) -5 J ( b ) - 10 J ( c ) - 15 J ( d ) - 20 J
[ IIT 2002 ]
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for an ideal gas at constant temperature ?
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19 ) The PT diagram for an ideal gas is shown in the figure, where AC
is an adiabatic process. Which of the following is the
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corresponding PV diagram ?
[ IIT 2003 ]
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20 ) In a given process of an ideal gas, dW = 0 and dQ < 0. Then for the gas
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22 ) A monatomic ideal gas, initially at temperature T1, is enclosed in a cylinder fitted with a
frictionless piston, The gas is allowed to expand adiabatically to a temperature T2 by
releasing the piston suddenly. If L1 and L2 are the lengths of the gas column before
and after expansion respectively, then T1 / T2 is given by
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L 3 L 3
2 2
(a) 1 ( d ) 2
L1 L2
L2 L1
(b) (c) [ IIT 2000 ]
L2 L1
23 ) Starting with the same initial conditions, an ideal gas expands rom volume V1 to V2 in
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three different ways. The work done by the gas is W1 if the process is purely
isothermal, W2 if purely isobaric and W3 if purely adiabatic Then
( a ) W 2 > W1 > W3 ( b ) W 2 > W3 > W1
ce
( c ) W 1 > W2 > W3 ( d ) W 1 > W3 > W2 [ IIT 2000 ]
Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total internal energy of the system is
( a ) 4 RT ( b ) 15 RT ( c ) 9 RT ( d ) 11 RT [ IIT 1999 ]
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26 ) Let v vrms a d vp respectively denote the mean speed, root mean square speed and
mos probable speed of the molecules in an ideal monatomic gas at absolute
t mperature T. The mass of a molecule is m. Then
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3 2
( d ) the average kinetic energy of a molecule is m vp [ IIT 1998 ]
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27 ) A vessel contains a mixture of one mole of oxygen and two moles of nitrogen at 300 K.
The ratio of the average rotational kinetic energy per O2 to per N2 molecule is
(a) 1:1 (b) 1:2 (c) 2:1
( d ) depends on the moment of inertia of the two molecules [ IIT 1998 ]
11 - HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS Page 5
( including ideal gas and kinetic theory of gases )
( Answers at the end of all questions )
28 ) Two cylinders A and B fitted with pistons contain equal amounts of an ideal diatomic
gas at 300 K. The piston of A is free to move, while that of B is held fixed. The same
amount of heat is given to the gas in each cylinder. If the rise in temperatu e of the
gas in A is 30 K, then the rise in temperature of the gas in B is
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( a ) 30 K ( b ) 18 K ( c ) 50 K ( d ) 42 K [ IIT 1998 ]
29 ) Two identical containers A and B with frictionless pistons contain the same ideal gas at
the same temperature and the same volume V. The mass of the gas in A is mA and
same final volume 2V. The changes in the pressure in A and B are found to be ∆P and
that in B is mB. The gas in each cylinder s now allowed to expand i othermally to the
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( a ) 4mA = 9mB ( b ) 2mA = 3mB ( c ) 3mA = 2mB ( d ) 9mA = 4mB [ IIT 1998 ]
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30 ) During the melting of a slab of ice at 273 K at atm sp eric pressure
( a ) positive work is done by he ice-water system on the atmosphere
( b ) positive work is done by he ice-water sy tem by the atmosphere
( c ) the internal energy of the ice-water sy tem i creases
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( d ) the internal energy of the ice-water system decreases [ IIT 1998 ]
32 ) The average translationa kin tic energy of O2 ( molar mass 32 ) molecules at a particular
temperature is 0.048 V The translational kinetic energy of N2 ( molar mass 28 ) in eV at
the same temperature is
( a ) 0.0015 ( b ) 0 003 ( c ) 0.048 ( d ) 0.768 [ IIT 1997 ]
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(a) P/8
a temperature 2T has a pressure of
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34 ) Th t mperature of an ideal gas is increased from 120 K to 480 K. If at 120 K the root
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35 ) An ideal gas is taken from the state A ( pressure P, volume V ) to state B ( pressure
P / 2, volume 2V ) along a straight line path in the P-V diagram. Select the correct
statement ( s ) from the following:
( a ) The work done by the gas in the process A to B exceeds that work that would be
done by it f the system were taken from A to B along an isotherm.
( b ) In the T-V diagram, the path AB becomes a part of a parabola.
( c ) In the P-T diagram, the path AB becomes a part of a hyperbola.
( d ) In going from A to B, the temperature T of the gas first increases to a maximum
value and then decreases. [ IIT 1993 ]
11 - HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS Page 6
( including ideal gas and kinetic theory of gases )
( Answers at the end of all questions )
36 ) Three closed vessels A, B and C are at the same temperature T and contain gases
which obey the Maxwellian distribution law of velocities. Vessel A contains only O2, B
only N2 and C a mixture of equal quantities of O2 and N2. If the average speed of the
O2 molecules in vessel A is V1, that of the N2 molecules in vessel B is V2 the average
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speed of the O2 molecules in vessel C is
( d ) √ ( 3kT / M )
1/2
( a ) ( V1 + V2 ) / 2 ( b ) V1 ( c ) ( V1 V2 ) [ IIT 1992 ]
37 ) When an ideal diatomic gas is heated at constant pressure, the fract on of the heat
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38 ) For an ideal gas:
( a ) the change in internal energy in a constant rea sure process from temperature T1
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to T2 is equal to nCv( T2 - T1 ), where Cv is th mo ar specific heat at constant
volume and n the number of moles of the gas
( b ) the change in internal energy of the gas and the work done by the gas are equal
in magnitude in an adiabatic process
( c ) the internal energy does not change in an is thermal process
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( d ) no heat is added or removed in an adia ati process [ IIT 1989 ]
39 ) If one mole of a monatomic gas ( γ = 5 / 3 ) is mixed with one mole of a diatomic gas
( γ = 7 / 5 ), the value of γ for the mix ure is
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( a ) 1.40 ( b ) 1.50 ( c ) 1.53 ( d ) 3.07 [ IIT 1988 ]
constant pressure from 30° C to 35° C. he amount of heat required ( in calories ) to raise
40 ) 70 calories of heat are re uired to raise the temperature of 2 moles of an ideal gas at
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the temperature of the ame gas through the same range ( 30° C to 35° C ) at constant
volume is
( a ) 30 ( b ) 50 ( c ) 70 ( d ) 90 [ IIT 1985 ]
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( a ) pv ( b ) 2pv (c) pv ( d ) zero
2
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[ IIT 1983 ]
Answers
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
b,c b d a b a c d b c a a a c c c a a none a b
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
d a c d c,d a d c b,c b c c b a,b d d a,b,c,d c b
41 42
a a