Professional Documents
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GWT 1
GWT 1
GWT 1
Peter Philipp
Independent GWT consultant
Level 3 GUL
Level 3 PCN GWT
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
GWT History
•Lamb waves identified in the 1930’s
•Research projects in the 1990’s “Link and
Thermie” programs
•Development of “dispersion curves”
•Required faster portable computers
•First commercial equipment available 1999
•Mid 2000’s Subsea, focussing, c-scan display,
rail, permanently installed etc.
•3 GWT systems developed Wavemaker (GUL)
Teletest (Pi), MSS (SWRI)
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Guided Wave Testing Standards
• ASTM – 2011
• BSI – 9690 parts 1 & 2
• TUV certification: GUL GWT procedure certified under
EN standard 14748
• NACE TG 410 – 2012/13
• ASME Article 18 – 2012/13
Need for harmonization between the different standards.
Standards within integrated ‘system’ including legal
requirements, codes and best industrial practices..;
Guided Ultrasonics Ltd. ‐ 12/05/2013 4
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Principle
Transducer
Standard UT
Metal structure
Inspected Area
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Reflection from a Feature
(such as corrosion)
Transducer
Structure
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Dispersion curves
6.0 Longitudinal L(0,2)
F(1,3)
4.0 Torsional T(0,1)
Vgr (m/ms)
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Backward Position of Ring Forward
Iconic representation
Series of Welds of identified features
Decay Curves
Corrosion is indicated
by large red component
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Guided Waves (Focusing) C-Scan
display
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
At every change in cross section
there is a reflection of the guided waves
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Distribution of Loss
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The ratio of Red to Black depends on the
circumferential extent of the feature
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Axi-Symmetry
Displayed as black and red lines
A non-symmetric
A symmetric weld -F4
-F3 -F2 -F1 +F1 +F2 +F3
defect +F4
3.0
Amp (mV)
2.0
1.0
#12403
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Why Guided Waves?
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
In-service inspection
• Temperature performances
– from -40C to 180C
– the extremes of this range will require modified procedures
• Product
– low viscosity fluid does not affect torsional mode
– frequency range enables good performances in case of
viscous fluid
• Pump noise, product flow
– signal/noise can be improved using predefined software
procedures
– In some cases (isolated) testing is not feasible
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Managing pipe inspection
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
GWT and other complementary methods
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Touch point corrosion – 8” Sch 40
12
3
Clock
-16dB
12
-20 0 20 40 60
F
1.2
Support
Cat 3 Support
Weld
welded plate
Weld
Cat 1 Corrosion
Weld
-F1
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Call DAC 4%
0.0
-20 0 20
Distance (ft)
40 60
Touch point corrosion
patch with pitting
Guided Ultrasonics Ltd. ‐ 12/05/2013 21
Touch point corrosion – 12” Sch 40
12
3
Pitting touch
point corrosion
Clock
6
at 6 o’clock
9
position of pipe
-18dB
12
-30.0 -20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0
weld
-F1
Weld
welded support
Welded support
Contact support
Contact support
Welded support
Corrosion pit
1.5
Amp (Linear)
C 20%
Weld DA
1.0
0.5
Call DAC 3%
0.0
-30.0 -20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0
Distance (m)
Guided Ultrasonics Ltd. ‐ 12/05/2013 22
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
100% Volumetric coverage
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
100% Volumetric coverage
Per test:
Standard UT = 0.027% area coverage
Guided Wave ~ 100% area coverage
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Monitoring using GWT - Advantages
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
GW monitoring sensitivity
estimate of 3.0
0.75% CSC
1% CSC
change – slow
and sometimes 2.0
0.5% CSC
difficult method Amp (Linear)
of interpreting 1.0
baseline
GWT data
differences 0.0
2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Distance (m)
15.0
10.0
2008 Result
5.0
0.0
-60 -40 -20 0
G3-16#3957 (Linear)
15.0
10.0 2009 Result
5.0
0.0
-60 -40 -20 0
G3-116#1042 (Linear)
15.0
10.0 2010 Result
5.0
0.0
-60 -40 -20 0
Distance (m)
The yellow trace is the reflection coefficient calculated from the
2010 reading using the calibration curves. The black trace is the
difference between the 2010 and baseline readings.
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Using GWT – New build considerations
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Dead zone
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Range
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Difficult geometry
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Type of defect
• More difficult • Easier
– Single isolated pit – A cluster of pits
– Axial cracks – Circumferential cracks
– Small pits in welds – Large cracks in welds
– CORROSION I/E -
EROSION
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
GWT Procedures
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
GWT operator training and certification
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Guided Waves (C-Scan)
Unrolled pipe view 360
270
Angle (deg)
180
90
-24dB
0
0.0 5.0 10.0
-F2
-F1
+F4
+F1
+F2
+F3
+F5
2.0
Amp (Linear)
1.5
1.0
0.5
00
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Interpretation - Frequency scanning
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Typical performance on bare straight pipe (20
years old in good conditions)
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Applications
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Effect of Pipe Contents
• Gases - no effect
• Liquids
– Almost no effect on the torsional mode
– Affects the longitudinal mode when the pipe is fully filled
• Sludge
– Heavy viscous deposits in the pipe attenuate the signal and reduce the
test range
– Can be similar effect to bitumen wrapping
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
This presentation
•Brief history of GWT
•How it works
•How good is it at identifying CUI
•Monitoring
•New build considerations
•Limitations
•Procedures and training
•Other GWT applications
•Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Future developments
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Other GWT applications
•Tube testing boilers/heat exchangers
•Rail
•Tubular structures
•Lampposts
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Sub-Sea Pipe testing
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
G-Scan Rail Screening System
BINDT-ICorr. - 10/03/2013
Conclusions
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013
Questions
PQS
Peter Philipp
peterphilipp50@gmail.com
BINDT-ICorr. - 12/05/2013