SABARIAH MUSA

NORTH TOWER
LEVEL 3
FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
sabariah@uthm.edu.my
sabmusa@edmodo.com
07-
07-4564373
 PLANNING OF WORK - RPP
CHAPTER 1
Hydrology concept
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 2 Analysis Hydrograph
Precipitation
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 3 Flood Control
Evaporation,
Transpiration &
CHAPTER 7
Infiltration
Groundwater

CHAPTER 4
Surface Runoff
 PLANNING OF WORK - RPP
QUIZ 01-2.5%

TEST 01- 10%

QUIZ 02-2.5%

TEST 02- 10%

PROJECT- 20% ASSMT 01-2.5%

FINAL – 50% ASSMT 02-2.5%

 Sign up – edmodo.com
AUTHOR - UTHM

Log in HYDROLOGY 2015

Keyword to join group– azmqbx

CHAPTER 1
 MAIN HYDROLOGICAL CONCEPT
HYDROLOGY

science that studies the ability and movement of water in the earth.
Science related to the occurrence and distribution of natural water on the earth.
 APPLICATION OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDY
FIELD OF HYDROLOGY

water supply
Flood and drought
drainage
urban storm-water
SOLVED BY VARIOUS
SCIENCE
mathematic
physical
statistics
meteorology
oceanography
geography
geology etc
HYDROLOGY CYCLE
 HYDROLOGY CYCLE

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

continues process in
which water is evaporated
from water surfaces and
oceans, moves inland as
moist air masses and
produce precipitation and
repeated.
HYDROLOGY PROCESS
P – precipitation
T – Transpiration
I @ F – Infiltration
R – Runoff
G – Groundwater
E – Evaporation
ET – Evapotranspiration
TERMS
HYDROLOGY IN WATERSHED
WATER BALANCE
 WATERSHED BALANCE
+P -E
-T
S - ET

-I
O / Q = out
I = in -G
EXAMPLE 1
SOLUTION 1
EXAMPLE 2
SOLUTION 2
CLIMATOLOGY DATA
HYDROLOGICAL DATA
DATA
WEATHER SYSTEM
WEATHER SYSTEM
WEATHER SYSTEM
WEATHER SYSTEM
WEATHER SYSTEM
 WEATHER SYSTEM

Vapor more
Example in the module
 UNIT OF MEASUREMENT-
MEASUREMENT- LENGTH
INCHES(IN), FEET(FT), YARDS(YD), MILES
12 INCHES = 1 FOOT
3 FEET = 1 YARD
1760 YARDS = 1 MILE
5280 FEET = 1 MILE
MILLIMETERS(MM), CENTIMETERS(CM), METERS(M), KILOMETERS(KM)
10 MILLIMETERS = 1 CENTIMETER
100 CENTIMETERS = 1 METER
1000 METERS = 1 KILOMETER
5280 FEET = 1 MILE
CONVERSIONS
2.54 CENTIMETER = 1 INCHES
3.28 FEET = 1 METER
1.609 KILOMETER = 1 MILE
 UNIT OF MEASUREMENT-
MEASUREMENT- AREA
CUBIC INCHES(sq.in.)(IN2), CUBIC FEET(sq.ft.)(FT2), CUBIC YARDS(sq.yd)(YD2), CUBIC MILES(sq.mile),
ACRES(AC)
144 sq. in = 1 sq. ft.
9 sq. ft = 1 sq. yd
43,560 sq. ft = 1 Ac
27,878,400 sq. ft = 1 sq. mile
3,097,600 sq. yd = 1 sq. mile
1 sq. mile = 640 Ac
CUBIC MILLIMETERS(MM ), CUBIC CENTIMETERS(CM2), CUBIC METERS(M2),
2

CUBIC KILOMETERS(KM2), HECTARE(HEC)

100 mm2 = 1 cm2
10,000 cm2= 1 m2
106 m2= 1 km2
10,000 m2 = 1 Hec
1 km2 = 100 Hec
CONVERSIONS
1 m2 = 10.76 ft2
1 Ac = 2.47 Hec
 UNIT OF MEASUREMENT-
MEASUREMENT- VOLUME
CUBIC INCHES(CU.IN)(IN3), CUBIC FEET(CU. FT)(FT3), CUBIC YARDS(CU.YD)(YD3), ACRE INCHE(AC-IN),
ACRE FOOT(AC-FT)
1728 in3= 1 ft3.
27 ft3= 1 yd3
43,560 ft3 = 1 Ac-ft
3630 ft3 = 1 Ac-in
6,272,640 in3 = 1 Ac-in

CUBIC MILLIMETERS(MM3), CUBIC CENTIMETERS(CM3), CUBIC METERS(M3) ,

HECTARE CENTIMETER(HEC-CM)
1000 mm3 = 1 cm3
106 cm3= 1 m3
108 cm3 = 1 Hec-cm
10,000 m3 = 1 Hec-meter
CONVERSIONS
1 Hec-meter = 8.107 Ac-ft
 UNIT OF MEASUREMENT-
MEASUREMENT- VOLUME
Acre-foot = ac-ft
Hectare meter = hec-m
Cubic feet per second = cfs @cusec @ ft3/s
Cubic meter per second = cumecs @ m3/s
1 cumecs = 35 cusecs (cfs) Area is 1 Acre

Depth is 1 foot

Acre-foot = ac-ft
Hectare meter = hec-m
Cubic feet per second = cfs @cusec @ ft3/s Volume is 1 Ac-ft
Cubic meter per second = cumecs @ m3/s
1 cumecs = 35 cusecs (cfs)
 DIFFERENTIATION

dy/dx = change of y/change of x

i.e. Δy/ Δx
It is the slope on a curve at point (x,y)
Axis Y
Δy

Δx
Axis X
 INTEGRATION
∫y dx = Ʃ y*Δx
i.e. Summation of y multiple by Δx
It is the area under the curve at point (x,y)
= area of rhombus
= (y1+y2)/2 * Δx
Axis Y

y1

y2

Δx
Axis X
 TRIAL AND ERROR SOLUTION

y = f(x)
Finding value of x if y is known
Eg. 18 = 3x2 + 6

x y=3x2 + 6
0 6
1 9
x 18

X= 2
 INTERPOLATION
FINDING CORRESPONDING VALVE WHEN TWO OTHER RELATED
VALVE ARE KNOWN
x y
0 6
1 Unknown y
2 18

(18-y)/(2-1)=(18-6)/(2-0)
18-y=(12/2)*1
y=18-6
y=12
 EXTERPOLATION
FINDING CORRESPONDING VALVE WHEN TWO OTHER RELATED
VALVE ARE KNOWN
x y
0 6
1 12
2 Unknown y

(y-12)/(2-1)=(12-6)/(1-0)
Y-12=(12/2)*1
y=6+12
y=18
 CONLUSION

Hydrology is the science of water. It embraces the occurrence,

distribution, movement and properties of the waters of the earth.
A mathematical accounting system may be constructed for the
inputs, outputs and water storages of a region so that a history
of water movement over time can be estimated.

After studied this chapter, you should understand the

hydrological budget and be able to make a simple accounting of
water transport in a region. You should also have gained an
understand of how hydrologic analyses can be used to facilities
design and management processes for water resources
systems.
CONLUSION