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Sociolinguistics
 Itis a sociolinguistic circumstance
where two or more languages,
elements of different languages, or
varieties within a language, used
simultaneously or mixed one over
the other.
1. Definition
2. Reason: Direct contact & Distant Contact
3. Phenomena: Monolingual, Bilingual,
Multilingual

 Bilingualism classification
a. Proficiency: Total & Partial
b. Process n Use: Compound & Coordinate
c. Relation: additive & subtractive
Monolingual
a person who speaks only one language
Bilingual
a person who can speak two languages
Multilingual
a person who can speak more than one language
Bilingualism
the process of a monolingual learning a second language
Polygot
a person who is capable of speaking and writing several
languages with a hight level of proficiency
1. Code-choosing (Speaking: Setting &
Scene, Participants, Ends, Act
Sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norm
of Interaction, Genre)
2. Code-Switching:quoting, emphasizing,
including or excluding someone, raising
status, showing language expertise
3. Code-Mixing
1. Grammatical Code-switching:
 Tag code-switching
 inter-sentencial code-switching
 intra-sentencial code-switching

2. Contextual Code-Switching
 Situational code-switching
 Metaphorical Code-switching