1 Cut a 10-foot (ft.

) long piece of wood into two pieces so that

one piece is 2 ft. longer than the other. To solve this problem
you have two choices

visualization

10ft 4 6 6ft 4ft

7 3
2 8
1 9
x1 x2
x x+2
x+x+2 10

2 A length of board was 10 inches shorter than another length.

Together the boards were 20 inches. How long were the boards?

20 10 10 x= other length
9 11 x= 10 inches shorter
8 12 x+X-10=20
7 13
6 14
5 15
4 16
3 17
2 18
1 19
3 A12-ft. ropeiscut into threepiecesso that the
second piece is 1 ft. longer than the first and the
third piece is 1 ft. longer than the second. How long
are the pieces?

12 1 3 8 12 x+X+1X+2 20
3 4 5 12
4 4 4 12
4 4 4 12
4 4 4 12

4 A 9-ft. board is cut into two pieces so that one piece

is twice the other. How long are the pieces?

9 3 6
 1 8 X+2X 9
2 7

5 An 80-in. board is to be cut into three pieces so

that one piece is twice another and the third piece
is 10 in. more than the second. Find the length of
each piece.

80 2x+X+X+10

Let L be the length of the shorter rope. So the longer rope will have a length of L +0.5L . Henc
L + (L+0.5L) = 275yd
2.5L = 275yd and hence L = 110yd = length of the shorted rope. Then the longer rope would b

Two ropes are together 275 yards long. One rope is

50% longer than the other. How long are the ropes?

AGE PROBLEM

Leah is 2 years older than Tracy. Together the girls are 10 years
old. How old are they?

Person AGES
Tracy x=4
Leah x+2=6

x+X+2= 10
2x+2= 10
-2 -2
2x= 8
2 2
x= 4

x+X+2= 10
4+4+2= 10
Elsa is 7 years younger than Thor. The sum of their
ages is 35. How old are they?

persons ages
thor x=21
elsa x-7= 13
X+X-7= 35
2X= 35+7 SO: X+X-7= 35
21+21-7= 35
2X= 42
2 21
X= 21

Kristina's grandmother is 12 times as old as Kristina.

Together they are 91 years. How old is the
grandmother?

persons
kristina x=7
Granma 12x=84 12*7 84
91
X+12X= 91
13X 91
13 13
X= 7
X+12X= 91
13+12(7)= 91
13+84= 91

The sum of the ages of Jessica, her mother, and her

grandmother is 100 years. The grandma is twice as
old as the mother. Jessica's mother is 28 years older
than Jessica. How old is grandma?

persons ages total age is 100

jesica x
mother x+28
grandma 2(x+28)

X+X+28+2(X+28)=100 56 100 28
2X+28+2X+56=100 28 84 8
4X+84=100 84 16 8
X= 4 4 56
100
The sum of Eric's age and Lucas's age is 65. Two
times Eric's age is the same as three times Lucas's
age. Find the ages of the men.

The sum of Eric's age and Lucas's age is 65. Two times Eric's age is the same as three times Lucas's age. Find the age
Let Eric age be x and Lucas age as y.
As per statement the sum of Eric's age and Lucas's age is 65. Means
x + y = 65…Eq. 1
Two times Eric's age (2x) is the same as three times Lucas's age (3y). Means
2x = 3y
 x = 3y/2…Eq. 2
Putting the value of x from Eq. 2 to Eq..1
x + y = 65
3y/2+y=65
(3y+2y)/2=65
5y/2=65
Cross multiplication
5y = 65 × 2
5y =130
y = 130/5
y =26
Thus Lucas age is 26 years
Now calculate Eric's age by putting value of y in Eq. 2
x =3y/2
x = 3×26/2
x =3×13
x = 39
Eric's age is 39 years
Answer Eric's age 39 years and Lucas's age 26 years
Now check the correctness of answer by putting the values in Eq. 1
x + y = 65
39 + 26 =65
65=65
Means answer is correct
65\5 =13
13 x 2= 26 - Eric is 26
13 x 3 = 39 - Lucas is 39
Sum of age = 65

Michael's age is multiplied by 7. Then 9 is added.

The result is 93. How old is Michael?

person age
michael 7x
7X+9=93

7X+9= 93
-9 9
84
7X 84
X 7
X 12
7(12)+9= 93
93 93
A boy is 10 years older than his brother. In 4 years he will be twice as old as
his brother. Find the present age of each.

persons NOW FUTURE X+4= 2(X+10)

brother X X+4 X+4= 2X+20
boy X+10 2(X+10) X-2X=20-4
X=16
x = boy age
y = brother age
---
x = y + 10
x + 4 = 2(y + 4)
---
put the system of linear equations into standard form
---
x - y = 10
x + 4 = 2y + 8
---
x - y = 10
x - 2y = 4
solution:
x = boy age = 16
y = brother age = 6

2. A father is 4 times as old as his son. In 20 years the father will be twice as old
as his son. Find the present age of each.

person now future

son s 2(s+20)
father 4S 4S+20

4S+20= 2(S+20)
4S+20= 2S+40
4S-2S= 40-20
2S 20
S= 10
John is four times as old as Martha. Five years ago the sum of their ages was
50. How old are they now?

persons present past

Martha M=7 m-5 20-5 7
John 4M=48 4m-5 4(12)-5 43
50
M-5+4M-5= 50
M-4M-10= 50
 5M+10 50
5M= 60
M 12
they are 12 & 48 years old
Tim is 5 years older than JoAnn. Six years from now the sum of their ages will
be 79. How old are they now?

persons present past

JOANN J=43 J-6 37
TIM J+5=48 J+5-6 42
79
J-6+J+5-6= 79
2J-12+5= 79
2J-7= 79
2J 7
86
J= 43
Jack is twice as old as Lacy. In three years the sum of their ages will be 54.
How old are they now?

PERSON PRESENT FUTURE

LACY L=16 L+3 19
JACK 2L=32 2L+3 35
54
L+3+2L+3= 54
3L+6= 54
3L= 6
3L 48
L= 16
The sum of the ages of John and Mary is 32. Four years ago, John was twice
as old as Mary. Find the present age of each.
The sum of the ages of a fath
PERSON PRESENT PAST times as old as the son. Find
MARY M M-4 32 PERSON
JOHN 2M 2(M-4) SON
FATHER
x+y=32 eq.1
x-4=2(y-4) eq.2
simplify eq.2
x-4=2y-8
x-2y=-4
-1(x-2y=-4)
by elimination =father; S=son
x+y=32 F+S=56yrs
-x+2y=4 F=56yrs-S
 3y=36 F-4yrs=3(S-4yrs) Substitute fo
y=12 years old 56yrs-S-4yrs=3S-12 yrs Add S
x=20 years old
64yrs=4S Divide each side by
16yrs=S ANSWER 1: The son
F=56yrs-S=56yrs-16yrs=40yrs
CHECK:
F-4yrs=3(S-4yrs)
40yrs-4yrs=3(16yrs-4yrs)
36yrs=36yrs

The sum of two numbers is 75. The smaller number is one-fourth the bigger. What is the smaller number?
15 Is the smaller number and the other number is 60 because the 1/4 of 60 is 15. Then 15 + 60 = The sum of the ages of a woo
Bigger number = x years ago, the bronze plaque
smaller number number = x/4 the present age of each plaq
x + y = 20 ..............................
x/4 + x = 75 y - 4 = 0.5(x - 4)
y - 0.5x = 2............................
(4) x/4 + (4) x = 75 (4) ⇒ multiply each term by LCD 4 Subtract (2) from (1):-
1.5x = 18
x + 4x = 300 x = 12

5x = 300 from equation (1):-

12 + y = 20
5x/5 = 300/5 y=8

x = 60 ANSWER: bronze plaque is 8

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e a length of L +0.5L . Hence

hen the longer rope would be 110 + 110/2 = 165yd

times Lucas's age. Find the ages of the men?
The sum of the ages of a father and son is 56. Four years ago the father was 3
times as old as the son. Find the present age of each.
PRESENT PAST
S S-4 20
F 3S-4 68
F+S=56 EQ1
S-4=3(S-4) EQ2
S-4=3S-12 F+S=56 48
S-3S=-8 S-3S=-8 24
2S= 48 -32
S=24
=father; S=son
F+S=56yrs
F-4yrs=3(S-4yrs) Substitute for F.
56yrs-S-4yrs=3S-12 yrs Add S+12yrs to each side.

64yrs=4S Divide each side by 4.

16yrs=S ANSWER 1: The son is 16 years old.
F=56yrs-S=56yrs-16yrs=40yrs ANSWER 2: The father is 40 years old.

F-4yrs=3(S-4yrs)
40yrs-4yrs=3(16yrs-4yrs)
36yrs=36yrs

The sum of the ages of a wood plaque and a bronze plaque is 20 years. Four
years ago, the bronze plaque was one-half the age of the wood plaque. Find
the present age of each plaque.
x + y = 20 ..................................(1)
y - 4 = 0.5(x - 4)
y - 0.5x = 2.................................(2)
Subtract (2) from (1):-

from equation (1):-

12 + y = 20

ANSWER: bronze plaque is 8 years old and wood plaque is 12 years

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