DESIGN OF STAIR CASE

Step 1 Preliminary Data

Stair case room dimensions = 3m x 4m
Floor to floor height= 3.2 m 3200 mm
Width of landing= 1m

Step 2 Riser, Tread & Span

Let Riser (R)= 160 mm
Tread (T)= 250 mm
No. of risers req= 20 no.s
No. of risers per flight= 10
No. of treads= 9
Going= 2250 mm
Width available at start of flight= 750 mm
Span (L)= 3125 mm
3.125 M

Step 3 Depth of Waist Slab

Assuming overall thickness of waist slab as D = 150 mm
Clear cover = 15 mm
Diameter of bar = 10 mm (assumed)
Therefore, Effective Depth of Slab = 130 mm

Step 4 Load Calculations

Self weight of slab = 25 x D secφ where secφ= (√R2+T2)/T
4.452247 KN/m2 secφ= 1.187266
Weight of steps= 2 KN/m 2

Floor finishes = 1 KN/m2

Total Dead Load = 7.452247 KN/m2
Live Load = 3 KN/m2 (Acc. to IS 875 - Part 2)
Total Load = 10.45225 KN/m 2

Factored Load = 15.67837 KN/m2

Step 5 Bending Moment Calculations

When stair case is supported on both ends of flight, then B.M= WLx2/12
Therefore, Bending Moment is given by M= 12.75909 KN-m

Step 6 Check for depth

d= √M/R*b
M in N.mm
R= 2.67 for M20 & Fe 500
b= 1000 mm
d= 69.12804 mm
 Hence Safe

Step 7 Area of Steel Reinforcement

Ast= 0.5 x fck/fy (1- √1- 4.6 x M/fck b d2)b*d
fck = M 20
fy = Fe 500
Ast= 236.4933 mm2

Min Ast = 0.12% of gross c/s area

0.12%*b*D
Ast Min= 180 mm2 Ast Req= 236.4933 mm2

Step 8 Calculation of Spacing

Spacing S= Aφ/Ast x 1000
Assuming 8 mm φ bars, Aφ= π/4 x φ2
Aφ= 50.24 mm2
Therefore S= 212.4373 mm
Max spacing should not be greater than 3d or 300 mm which ever is less.
3d= 390 mm or 300 mm
Hence provide 8mm dia at 200 mm c/c.
Distribution Reinforcement= Ast Min.= 180 mm2
Spacing of 8 mm dia bars = 279.1111 mm
Hence provide 8mm φ @ 275 mm c/c at distribution steel.

Step 9 Check for Deflection

lx/α*d <=32
α is the modification factor obtained from Fig. 4 of IS 456-2000 Pg. No. 38
Fs= 0.58*fy*Ast required/ Astprovided
Ast prov= Aφ/S provided x 1000
Ast prov= 251.2 mm2
fs= 273.0218 N/mm2 say 290 N/mm2
Percentage of reinforcement provided Pt= Ast prov/bxd *100
0.193231 say 0.2
For fs= 290 N/mm2 & Pt= 0.2
α= 1.3
Therefore, Lx/αxd 18.49112 < 32
HENCE SAFE